The On-line Electric Vehicle: Wireless Electric Ground Transportation Systems

408 Pages·2017·14.632 MB·English

by  Nam P. Suh, Dong Ho Cho (eds.)

Nam P. Suh · Dong Ho Cho Editors
The On-line
Electric Vehicle
Wireless Electric Ground Transportation
Systems
The On-line Electric Vehicle
Nam P. Suh Dong Ho Cho
(cid:129)
Editors
The On-line Electric Vehicle
Wireless Electric Ground Transportation
Systems
123
Editors
NamP. Suh Dong HoCho
Department ofMechanical Engineering Schoolof Electrical Engineering
Massachusetts Institute of Technology Korea AdvancedInstitute of Science
Cambridge, MA andTechnology
USA Daejeon
Korea (Republicof)
ISBN978-3-319-51182-5 ISBN978-3-319-51183-2 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-51183-2
LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2016963660
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To
Moon Soul Chung
A. Neil Pappalardo
B.J. Park
Hock Tan
For their generous support of higher
education and technology innovation
Acknowledgements
OLEVandSMFIRreceivedinternationalrecognitionsfrom
theWorldEconomicForum(top10EmergingTechnologies
of 2013), The TIME (50 Best Inventions of 2010), and the
InternationalUnionofRailways(InnovationAwardof2014
given to KRRI). Reuters ranked KAIST as the 6th most
InnovativeUniversityintheworld.
The ultimate goal of EGTS is to electrify all ground transportation systems using
OLEV,SMFIR,andotherrelatedtechnologies.WhenEGTSisadoptedworldwide,
itshouldsignificantlyreduceCO emissionworldwide.Thetechnologiesdescribed
2
in this book are a result of dedicated work by many at KAIST, and the financial
support and goodwill of many people, worldwide.
The OLEV project was the largest R&D project undertaken by KAIST in its
35-year history. From 2009 to 2011, the Korean government provided approxi-
mately US$50 million to KAIST for this project. We are most grateful to
President M.B. Lee and his senior staff and cabinet members Dr. J.W. Park,
J.S. Yoon, and J.K. Choi for their support.
The idea for OLEV was germinated at KAIST because we had undertaken the
EEWS (energy, environment, water, and sustainability) project in 2007. Prime
MinistersD.S.HanandS.S.HanprovidedtheinitialfundingfortheEEWSproject.
TheOLEVsystemwasfirstinstalledandcommerciallyusedintheSeoulGrand
Park in 2010 to transport people around the 14-mile loop around the park. OLEV
buses have been in operation on the KAIST campus since 2011. At the 2012
World’s Expo in Yeosu in Korea, OLEV was used to transport visitors, thanks to
the support of Minister D.S. Kang and Vice Minister H.K. Yeo of the Ministry of
Land, Infrastructure, and Transport. Also Director General J.S. Kim of Frequency
Policy in the Korea Communications Commission helped in expediting the com-
mercial useof OLEV.In 2013,Gumi,an industrialcity inKorea, adopted the first
commercial use of regular OLEV buses in the city. We are grateful to Mayor
Y.J.NamofGumiCityandDirectorGeneralK.C.KimofSeoulCitygovernment.
vii
viii Acknowledgements
The work presented in this book was possible because of the outstanding pro-
fessors, staff, and students at KAIST, who participated in the OLEV project under
theableleadershipofProf.D.H.Cho,vicepresidentinchargeoftheICCCampus.
Professor Joseph D.J. Joo, vice president for External Affairs, made invaluable
contributions to the success of the project by securing the support of various
government agencies and the national assembly. In addition to the authors of
various chapters of this book, many other faculty and research staff members
contributedtotheproject:Profs.S.J.Jun,J.H.Kim,K.S.Kim,H.K.Lee,B.K.Park,
G.W. Moon, and C.T. Rim. Professors N. Kim of Choong-Buk University and
Y.M. Kim, of Dan Guk University, also participated in the OLEV project.
ManyoutsideorganizationsworkedwithKAISTonthisproject:HyundaiHeavy
Industries, Korea Railroad Research Institute, Korea Electrical Safety Corporation,
Korea Rail Network Authority, and Korea Automobile Testing & Research
Institute.WeareparticularlygratefultoDr.S.M.Hong,presidentofKRRI,forhis
exceptionalleadershipinimplementingSMFIRtechnologytotramsandhigh-speed
trains. We are also indebted to K.J. Yong, president of Korea Automobile Testing
& Research Institute; S.K. Lee, president of KESCO and Dr. W.K. Han of
KESCO; S.K. Kim, vice chairman of the Korea Rail Network Authority;
Chairman Y.J. Cho of Hankuk Fiber Group and Chairman S.H. Baek of
DaewooBusCompany;Dr.G.S.Min,chairmanofHyundaiHeavyIndustries;and
Dr. S.B. Yoo of Korea Automobile Testing & Research Institute.
Toeducateandconduct researchonground, air,andoceangreentransportation
systems of the twenty-first century, KAIST established the CCS Graduate School
for Green Transportation with the generous financial support of chairman and
Mrs. C.S. Cho. The first dean of the CCS Graduate School was Prof. D.H. Cho.
KAISTgrantedlicensestoDongWonGroupfortheKoreanandAsianmarkets,
and the OLEV Technologies, Inc., Boston, Massachusetts, for the American mar-
kets. Both of these companies have licenses for the European market. The support
of Chairman J.C. Kim of Dong Won Group is deeply appreciated. We would also
like to acknowledge the support of I.K Park, vice chairman of Dong Won
Group. Mr. Y.W. Jung, president, and Mr. T.S. Chung, the former president of
Dong Won OLEV Co., led the OLEV effort in Korea.
The OLEV Technologies, Inc., based in Boston, Massachusetts, USA., was
establishedin2012,becausetwomajorbenefactorsofKAISTandMIT,Dr.A.Neil
Pappalardo and Dr. B.J. Park, wanted to see the OLEV technology used in the
USA. Dr. and Mrs. Park also donated the B.J. and Chung Park KI Building,
thelargestbuildingontheKAISTcampus.Dr.andMrs.Pappalardoestablishedthe
PappalardoMedicalCenteratKAIST, oneofthebest universitymedical facilities.
The Pappalardos and the Parks also gave major gifts to the MIT Mechanical
EngineeringDepartment.BryanWilson,RogerBurns,andDr.HikyuLeeofOLEV
Technologies, Inc. have played a pioneering role to commercialize OLEV in the
USA.
Inpreparingthisbook,ithasbeenourpleasuretoworkwithOliverJackson,the
engineering editor of Springer. His guidance and advice in preparing this book
are gratefully acknowledged. Dr. Dan Penrice edited parts of the manuscript. We
Acknowledgements ix
are indebted to Ms. Jin Hui Lee for thoroughly reviewing the final manuscript to
make them ready for publication.
Finally, we are indebted to Prof. Gang Chen, Head of the MIT Department of
Mechanical Engineering, for supporting this book-writing effort, for providing
funds needed to complete this book, and for inviting Prof. D.H. Cho as a visiting
professor of MIT during the final stages of preparing the manuscript of this book.
September 2016 Nam P. Suh
Dong Ho Cho
Personal Note of Appreciation by Nam P. Suh
In 2006, Dr. W.S. Kim, deputy prime minister of Korea, approached me about
joining KAIST as its president. I accepted the kind offer hoping to help KAIST to
become one of the leading universities in the world.
ThereweremanychallengesintransformingKAISTintoagloballycompetitive
top leading university. Changes are difficult to embrace, especially in a strong
institution with proud tradition and well-established culture. However, changes
were necessary, since the world around us changed. With inputs from the faculty
and staff, we developed an ambitious strategic plan for KAIST. A few years later,
thanks to the effort of many, Reuter ranked KAIST as one of the top 10 most
innovative universities of the world.
Auniversitypresidentcannotfunctionwithoutthesupportandleadershipofthe
board of trustees. KAIST had an exceptional leader in Dr. Moon Soul Chung,
chairman of the Board of Trustees of KAIST. His leadership and support were
indispensible to the success of KAIST’s transformation. There were other excep-
tional board members: Dr. Young Gil Kim, president of HanDong University; Mr.
Dong-Soo Huh of chairman of GS Caltex Corporation; Ms. Y.S. Chang, chair-
womanofAekyungGroup;Mr.SoonTakChoofvicechairmanofSKGroup;and
Mr. Ju-Myung Hwang of founding partner of HMP, a leading law firm. Their
supportwasessentialatKAIST.IamalsoindebtedtoDr.DonaldC.H.Kimforhis
advice and counsel.
IhadthepleasureofworkingwithexceptionalcolleaguesatKAIST.Duringthe
first term of my presidency, the team consisted of Profs. Soon Heung Chang,
provost; Ji-Won Yang, VP for external affairs; Sang Soo Kim, VP for research;
Kwang Hyung Lee, dean for Academic Affaires; Kyung Wook Paik, dean for
Student Affairs; Yong Hoon Lee, dean of Engineering; Young Kyu Do, dean of
Science; Do-Kyung Kim, dean of Admissions; and Sang Yup Lee, dean of
Biological Science. Their intimate knowledge of KAIST and Korea guided me
through complicated pathways.
During the second term of my presidency, I had the pleasure of working with
trulyoutstandingcolleagues.Icannotnamethemall,butthedreamteamwasledby
ProvostYong HoonLee;VicePresidentsJoseph D.J.Joo,KyungWookPaik, and
xi
xii PersonalNoteofAppreciationbyNamP.Suh
Dong Ho Cho; Deputy Vice President Chang Dong Yoo; and Deans Yong Man
Han, Seung-Bin Park, Jin Koo Kang, Dong Soo Kim, Hee Kyang Park, Ook Jun
Yoo,andTaeEokLee.Wealsohadstrongintellectualleadersasdepartmentheads
anddirectorsoftheKIResearchInstitutes.ProfessorSunChangKimmadehisKI
CenteronBiologicalSystemsamodelforanoutstandinginterdisciplinaryresearch.
Finally, I would like to thank Jurist Sung Hee Lee, an outstanding lawyer, who
provided much needed counsel and assistance.
Theperiod2006–2013wasauniqueperiodoftransition atKAIST.The faculty
size increased from 400 to 625 with the addition of 350 outstanding young pro-
fessors.The tenureprocesswasstrengthened.Department headsbecamethemajor
decision makers. The seniority system was replaced by a merit-based system. The
budget and the research volume were increased by a factor of approximately 2.7.
KAISTacceptedstudentsfromordinaryhighschools,whilemaintainingitsspecial
relationship with science high schools as conduits to KAIST for exceptionally
brightstudents.Weincreasedthenumberofwomenandinternationalstudents.We
built 14 new buildings and changed the language of instruction from Korean to
English. We initiated major large-scale research projects. We also initiated new
ways of educating students by eliminating formal lectures—Education 3.0—under
the leadership of Prof. D.H. Cho and Prof. T.O. Lee. The international ranking of
KAIST literally shot up the fastest in the world, according to ranking agencies. In
2015,ReuterrankedKAISTastheonlynon-USuniversityinthetop10ofthemost
innovative universities of the world.
Professor Dong-Ho Cho, one of the most respected professors at KAIST,
directed the OLEV project. He assembled an interdisciplinary team of professors,
researchers,staff,andgraduatestudents.Heheldstaffmeetingsat10pmeveryday
to review the progress made and identify issues to be solved. The leaders of the
entire OLEV team met with me once a week for one or two hours to discuss
problems that we need to solve. It was a true collaboration of the highest order.
InadditiontomanyKAISTprofessorsandstaff,therewereothercontributorsto
OLEV project: Dr. Soon Man Hong, president of the Korea Railroad Research
Institute, where he developed trams and high-speed trains using the SMFIR tech-
nology in collaboration with KAIST. Dr. Byung Kyun Park contributed to the
commercialization of OLEV.
InadditiontoOLEV,weconcurrentlyinitiatedtheMobileHarbor(MH)project,
anequallyambitiouslargeprojecttodealwiththelackoflargeharborsintheworld
that can accommodate large containerships. The central idea of MH is to have
harborsgoouttotheshipmooredindeepwatersinsteadofhavingtheseshipscome
into crowded harbors. The use of these MHs will be much cheaper than enlarging
existing harbors or building new harbors, which will harm the environment
and damage shore lands. I would like to express my special thanks to
Profs. B.M. Kwak, Kyung-Soo Kim, and Soo-Hyun Kim, and many other pro-
fessorsandresearchstafffortheircontributions.Theydemonstratedtheviabilityof
MobileHarborwitha1/3scaleMH(note:theheightofthemodelwasabout20m)
by unloading containers in open sea. In executing the OLEV project as well as