The New Multilateralism in South African Diplomacy Edited by Donna Lee, Ian Taylor and Paul D. Williams Studies in Diplomacy and International Relations General Editors: Donna Lee, Senior Lecturer in International Organisations and International Political Economy, University of Birmingham, UK and Paul Sharp, Professor of Political Science and Director of the Alworth Institute for International Studies at the University of Minnesota, Duluth, USA The series was launched as Studies in Diplomacy in 1994 under the general editorship of G. R. Berridge. Its purpose is to encourage original scholarship on all aspects of the theory and practice of diplomacy. The new editors assumed their duties in 2003 with a mandate to maintain this focus while also publishing research which demonstrates the importance of diplomacy to contemporary international relations more broadly conceived. Titles include G. R. Berridge (editor) DIPLOMATIC CLASSICS Selected Texts from Commynes to Vattel G. R. Berridge, Maurice Keens-Soper and T. G. Otte DIPLOMATIC THEORY FROM MACHIAVELLI TO KISSINGER Herman J. Cohen INTERVENING IN AFRICA Superpower Peacemaking in a Troubled Continent Andrew F. Cooper (editor) NICHE DIPLOMACY Middle Powers after the Cold War David H. Dunn (editor) DIPLOMACY AT THE HIGHEST LEVEL The Evolution of International Summitry Brian Hocking (editor) FOREIGN MINISTRIES Change and Adaptation Brian Hocking and David Spence (editor) FOREIGN MINISTRIES IN THE EUROPEAN UNION Integrating Diplomats Michael Hughes DIPLOMACY BEFORE THE RUSSIAN REVOLUTION Britain, Russia and the Old Diplomacy, 1894–1917 Gaynor Johnson THE BERLIN EMBASSY OF LORD D’ABERNON, 1920–1926 Christer Jönsson and Martin Hall ESSENCE OF DIPLOMACY Donna Lee MIDDLE POWERS AND COMMERCIAL DIPLOMACY British Influence at the Kennedy Trade Round Donna Lee, Ian Taylor and Paul D. Williams (editors) THE NEW MULTILATERALISM IN SOUTH AFRICAN DIPLOMACY Mario Liverani INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS IN THE ANCIENT NEAR EAST, 1600–1100 BC Jan Melissen (editor) INNOVATION IN DIPLOMATIC PRACTICE Soft Power in International Relations THE NEW PUBLIC DIPLOMACY Soft Power in International Relations Peter Neville APPEASING HITLER The Diplomacy of Sir Nevile Henderson, 1937–39 M. J. Peterson RECOGNITION OF GOVERNMENTS Legal Doctrine and State Practice, 1815–1995 Gary D. Rawnsley RADIO DIPLOMACY AND PROPAGANDA The BBC and VOA in International Politics, 1956–64 TAIWAN’S INFORMAL DIPLOMACY AND PROPAGANDA Ronald A. Walker MULTILATERAL CONFERENCES Purposeful International Negotiation A. Nuri Yurdusev (editor) OTTOMAN DIPLOMACY Conventional or Unconventional? Studies in Diplomacy and International Relations Series Standing Order ISBN 0–333–71495–4 (outside North America only) You can receive future titles in this series as they are published by placing a standing order. Please contact your bookseller or, in case of difficulty, write to us at the address below with your name and address, the title of the series and the ISBN quoted above. Customer Services Department, Macmillan Distribution Ltd, Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS, England The New Multilateralism in South African Diplomacy Edited by Donna Lee Department of Political Science and International Studies University of Birmingham, UK Ian Taylor School of International Relations University of St Andrews, UK Paul D. Williams Department of Political Science and International Studies University of Birmingham, UK Editorial matter,selection,introduction and conclusion © Donna Lee,Ian Taylor and Paul D.Williams 2006 All remaining chapters © respective authors 2006 All rights reserved.No reproduction,copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. No paragraph of this publication may be reproduced,copied or transmitted save with written permission or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright,Designs and Patents Act 1988,or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency,90 Tottenham Court Road,London W1T 4LP. Any person who does any unauthorized act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. The authors have asserted their rights to be identified as the authors of this work in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. First published in 2006 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN Houndmills,Basingstoke,Hampshire RG21 6XS and 175 Fifth Avenue,New York,N.Y.10010 Companies and representatives throughout the world. PALGRAVE MACMILLAN is the global academic imprint of the Palgrave Macmillan division of St.Martin’s Press,LLC and of Palgrave Macmillan Ltd. Macmillan® is a registered trademark in the United States,United Kingdom and other countries.Palgrave is a registered trademark in the European Union and other countries. ISBN-13:978–0–230–00461–0 hardcover ISBN-10:0–230–00461–X hardcover This book is printed on paper suitable for recycling and made from fully managed and sustained forest sources. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data The new multilateralism in South African diplomacy / edited by Donna Lee,Ian Taylor,Paul D.Williams. p.cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0–230–00461–X 1.South Africa – Foreign relations – 1994– I.Lee,Donna,1963– II.Taylor,Ian,1969– III.Williams,Paul,1975– DT1971.N48 2006 327.68—dc22 2006041680 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 15 14 13 12 11 10 09 08 07 06 Printed and bound in Great Britain by Antony Rowe Ltd,Chippenham and Eastbourne In memory of Lisa Jane Bloxham, 1965–2005 This page intentionally left blank Contents Preface ix Notes on Contributors x Introduction: Understanding South Africa’s Multilateralism 1 Ian Taylor and Paul D. Williams 1 Displaced Multilateralism? South Africa’s Participation at the United Nations:Disjunctures, Continuities and Contrasts 26 Scarlett Cornelissen 2 South Africa in the World Trade Organisation 51 Donna Lee 3 South Africa as Chair of the Non-Aligned, September 1998–February 2003 78 Sally Morphet 4 Post-Apartheid South Africa and the European Union: Integration over Development? 100 Stephen R. Hurt 5 South Africa in Africa: The Dilemmas of Multilateralism 118 James Hamill 6 Dilemmas in South Africa’s Regional Strategy: Political and Economic Relations in SADC 141 Mzukisi Qobo 7 South Africa and the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty 159 Ian Taylor 8 Pragmatic Multilateralism? South Africa and Peace Operations 182 Paul D. Williams vii viii Contents Conclusions: Reflections on a Decade of Multilateral Diplomacy 205 Donna Lee, Ian Taylor and Paul D. Williams Index 218 Preface The idea for this book was developed at three one-day workshops exploring South African multilateral diplomacy during the academic year 2003–2004. We would like to thank the Diplomatic Studies Research Group and the Security Studies Research Group of the University of Birmingham for hosting two of the workshops. We would also like to thank the Department of International Relations at the London School of Economics for hosting the other workshop. The School of Social Sciences, University of Birmingham generously provided additional funding to cover the travel costs of visiting scholars from Africa. Without the financial support of these institutions this project would never have got off the ground. The project benefited greatly from the active participation of staff and graduate students from both institutions as well as several visiting schol- ars from within the United Kingdom and Africa. In particular we would like to thank Chris Alden, George Lawson, Marie Muller, Tim Shaw, Keith Shear and Andy Williams for their helpful criticism on the papers presented at the workshop. We would also like to thank the anonymous reviewers of an earlier draft of the manuscript for their supportive commentary and many useful suggestions for improvement. This book is dedicated to the memory of Lisa Jane Bloxham – partner to James Hamill and mother to Sean and Finn – who died suddenly and tragically in April 2005. Lisa took a keen interest in South African politics, visiting the country many times in its post-apartheid era. She was greatly loved and will be deeply missed by family and friends. ix
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