The New Class in Post-Industrial Society

257 Pages·2015·1.343 MB·English

by  John McAdams (auth.)

The New Class in
Post-Industrial Society
The New Class in
Post-Industrial Society
John McAdams
MarquetteUniversity
THENEWCLASSINPOST-INDUSTRIALSOCIETY
Copyright©JohnMcAdams,2015.
Softcoverreprintofthehardcover1stedition2015978-1-137-51540-7
Allrightsreserved.
Firstpublishedin2015by
PALGRAVEMACMILLAN®
intheUnitedStates—adivisionofSt.Martin’sPressLLC,
175FifthAvenue,NewYork,NY10010.
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thisisbyPalgraveMacmillan,adivisionofMacmillanPublishersLimited,
registeredinEngland,companynumber785998,ofHoundmills,
Basingstoke,HampshireRG216XS.
PalgraveMacmillanistheglobalacademicimprintoftheabove
companiesandhascompaniesandrepresentativesthroughouttheworld.
Palgrave®andMacmillan®areregisteredtrademarksintheUnited
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ISBN978-1-349-57663-0 ISBN978-1-137-51541-4(eBook)
DOI10.1057/9781137515414
LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationDataisavailablefromthe
LibraryofCongress.
AcataloguerecordofthebookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary.
DesignbyIntegraSoftwareServices
Firstedition:September2015
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Contents
ListofTables vii
Acknowledgments xiii
1 TheTheoryoftheNewClass 1
2 TheThreeClassWorldviews 37
3 ClassVotinginPresidentialElections 81
4 ClassandPolitics:ReferendumData 101
5 TheClassBasisofElitePartisanship:ConventionDelegates 131
6 TheClassBasisofPoliticalRadicalism 151
7 TheClassBasisofCongressionalLiberalism 163
8 TheCaseofGovernmentWorkers 179
9 Lifestyle:AnExpressionofClassIdentification 189
10 Conclusion:TheFutureandClassandPolitics 223
Appendices 233
Notes 237
References 243
Index 251
Tables
2.1 Clusteranalysisof1972NationalElectionStudy 46
2.2 Clusteranalysisof1976NationalElectionStudy 47
2.3 Clusteranalysisof1980NationalElectionStudy 48
2.4 Politicalcorrelatesofworldview 52
2.5 Demographiccorrelatesofworldview—occupation
NationalElectionStudies 54
2.6 Demographiccorrelatesofworldview—education
NationalElectionStudies 56
2.7 Demographiccorrelatesofworldview—familyincome
NationalElectionStudies 57
2.8 Multivariatelogisticregressionnewclassvs.traditional
middleclassworldviewmodelbasedonoccupation
(standarderrorsinparentheses) 59
2.9 Multivariatelogisticregressionnewclassvs.traditional
middleclassworldviewmodelbasedonincomeand
education(standarderrorsinparentheses) 60
2.10 Multivariatelogisticregressionnewclassvs.traditional
middleclassworldviewmodelsbasedoneducationand
income(standarderrorsinparentheses) 64
2.11 Clusteranalysisofworldviews—2000 66
2.12 Clusteranalysisofworldviews—2004 70
2.13 Clusterbyoccupation/2000 73
2.14 Clusterbyeducation/2000 74
2.15 2000incomebyworldview 75
2.16 Politicalcorrelatesofworldview2000/2004 77
viii LISTOFTABLES
2.17 Multivariatelogisticregressionnewclassvs.traditional
middleclassworldview2000/2004modelbasedon
occupation(standarderrorsinparentheses) 78
2.18 Multivariatelogisticregressionnewclassvs.traditional
middleclassworldview2000/2004modelbasedon
incomeandeducation(standarderrorsinparentheses) 79
3.1 Percentdemocraticvoteinnationalpresidential
electionsweightedleastsquaresestimates1936/1956
(standarderrorsinparentheses) 85
3.2 Democraticvotinginnationalpresidentialelections
1964–1976weightedleastsquaresestimates(standard
errorsinparentheses) 86
3.3 Federalgovernmentcivilianexecutivebranchemployment 89
3.4 Democraticvotinginnationalpresidentialelections
alternatetreatmentofincomeandeducation1964–1976
weightedleastsquaresestimates 93
3.5 Democraticvotinginnationalpresidentialelections
weightedleastsquaresestimates1996/2004(standard
errorsinparentheses) 97
3.6 Democraticvotinginnationalpresidentialelections
alternatetreatmentofincomeandeducationweighted
leastsquaresestimates 98
4.1 Massachusettsreferenda 105
4.2 Californiareferendaandelections 108
4.3 Massachusettsreferendumdataweightedleastsquares
estimates(standarderrorsinparentheses) 110
4.4 Massachusettsreferendumdataweightedleastsquares
estimatesmodelsbasedonoccupation 111
4.5 Californiareferendumdataweightedleastsquares
estimates(standarderrorsinparentheses) 116
4.6 Californiareferendumdataweightedleastsquares
estimatesmodelsbasedonoccupation 117
LISTOFTABLES ix
4.7 Massachusettsreferendumdatamodelsbasedon
incomeandeducationweightedleastsquaresestimates
(standarderrorsinparentheses) 122
4.8 Massachusettsreferendumdataweightedleastsquares
estimateseducationversusincome 123
4.9 Californiareferendumdatamodelsbasedonincome
andeducationweightedleastsquaresestimates
(standarderrorsinparentheses) 126
4.10 Californiareferendumdataweightedleastsquares
estimateseducationversusincome 127
5.1 Policy,affect,andabortionliberalismconvention
delegates(tableentriesarescalemeans)etacorrelation
coefficientsinparentheses 133
5.2 DemocraticPartychoiceamongactivists,1972,1980,
and2000partyconventiondelegatesprobitmaximum
likelihoodestimates 137
5.3 Partychoiceamongactivists,1980and2000party
conventiondelegatesprobitmaximumlikelihoodestimates 139
5.4 Partychoiceamongactivistsmodelsbasedonincome
andeducation,1972,1980,and2000partyconvention
delegatesprobitmaximumlikelihoodestimates 141
5.5 Politicalattitudes1972partyconventiondelegates
modelsbasedonincomeandeducationordinaryleast
squaresestimates 143
5.6 Politicalattitudes1972and1980partyconvention
delegatesmodelsbasedonincome,occupation,and
educationordinaryleastsquaresestimates 144
5.7 Politicalattitudes,1980and2000partyconvention
delegatesmodelbasedonoccupationordinaryleast
squaresestimates 146
5.8 Politicalattitudes,1980and2000partyconvention
delegatesmodelsbasedonincomeandeducation
ordinaryleastsquaresestimates 147
6.1 FavorableattitudestowardCommunism,generalsocial
surveyprobitestimates 154
x LISTOFTABLES
6.2 Californiapartyregistrationdataweightedleastsquares
estimates(standarderrorsinparentheses) 156
6.3 ThePeaceandFreedomPartyinCaliforniamodels
basedonincomeandeducationweightedleastsquares
estimates 157
6.4 Radicalismamong1972conventiondelegatesprobit
estimates 160
7.1 Roll-callliberalismconservativecoalitionopposition
scores,USHouseofRepresentatives 169
7.2 Roll-callliberalismconservativecoalitionopposition
scores,USSenate 175
8.1 Californiareferendumdataweightedleastsquares
estimates,publicadministrationversusnon-public
administrationgovernmentemployment 182
9.1 LifestyleandpoliticalideologyRopersurveys,energy
andconservation 194
9.2 LifestyleandpoliticalideologyRopersurveys,
transportation 196
9.3 LifestyleandpoliticalideologyRopersurveys,dressand
appearance 198
9.4 LifestyleandpoliticalideologyRopersurveys,food
anddrink 200
9.5 LifestyleandpoliticalideologyRopersurveys,artsand
entertainment 203
9.6 LifestyleandpoliticalideologyRopersurveys,sports
andhealth 205
9.7 LifestyleandpoliticalideologyRopersurveys,
religion—anditsrivals 207
9.8 Arts,entertainment,andleisuresignificantdifferences,
liberalsversusconservatives 210
9.9 Altruisticbehaviorsignificantdifferences,liberalsversus
conservatives 212
LISTOFTABLES xi
9.10 Miscellaneousbehaviorandattitudessignificant
differences,liberalsversusconservatives 213
9.11 Environmentalbehaviorssignificantdifferences,liberals
versusconservatives 214
9.12 IdeologyandlifestylesRoperdata,genderroles 217
9.13 Gender-relatedattitudesandbehaviorsignificant
differences,liberalsversusconservatives 219