The Neo-Aramaic Dialect of Barwar

2233 Pages·2010·9.32 MB·English

by  Geoffrey Khan

The Neo-Aramaic Dialect of Barwar
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HANDBOOK OF ORIENTAL STUDIES
SECTION ONE
THE NEAR AND MIDDLE EAST
Ancient Near East
Editor-in-Chief
W. H. van Soldt
Editors
G. Beckman • C. Leitz • B. A. Levine
P. Michalowski • P. Miglus
Middle East
R. S. O’Fahey • C. H. M. Versteegh
VOLUME NINETY-SIX
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The Neo-Aramaic Dialect of
Barwar
Volume One: Grammar
by
Geoffrey Khan
LEIDEN • BOSTON
2008
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This book is printed on acid-free paper.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Khan, Geoffrey.
The neo-Aramaic dialect of Barwar / by Geoffrey Khan.
p. cm. — (Handbook of Oriental studies. Section 1, the Near and Middle East ; 96)
Contents: Grammar — Lexicon — Texts.
ISBN 978-90-04-16765-0 (alk. paper) — ISBN 978-90-04-17263-0 (vol. 1) — ISBN
978-90-04-17264-7 (vol. 2) — ISBN 978-90-04-17265-4 (vol. 3) 1. Aramaic language—
Dialects—Iraq—Barwar—Grammar. 2. Assyrians—Iraq—Barwar—Languages.
3. Barwar (Iraq)—Languages. I. Title. II. Series.
PJ5282.K457 2008
492’.2—dc22
2008019719
ISSN 0169-9423
ISBN 978 90 04 17263 0 (vol. 1)
ISBN 978 90 04 17264 7 (vol. 2)
ISBN 978 90 04 17265 4 (vol. 3)
ISBN 978 90 04 16765 0 (set)
© Copyright 2008 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Koninklijke Brill NV incorporates the imprints Brill, Hotei Publishing,
IDC Publishers, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers and VSP.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated,
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Fees are subject to change.
printed in the netherlands
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For the Assyrian Christian community of Barwar
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CONTENTS
VOLUME ONE
GRAMMAR
Preface .......................................................................................... xxxv
References .................................................................................... xxxvii
Introduction ................................................................................. 1
PHONOLOGY
Chapter One Consonants ......................................................... 29
Chapter Two Vowels ................................................................. 63
Chapter Three Consonant Gemination ................................... 95
Chapter Four Syllable Structure ............................................... 105
Chapter Five Word Stress ......................................................... 123
Chapter Six Stress Groups ........................................................ 133
MORPHOLOGY
Chapter Seven Pronouns .......................................................... 141
Chapter Eight Verbs ................................................................. 155
Chapter Nine Verb Paradigms .................................................. 299
Chapter Ten Nouns .................................................................. 309
Chapter Eleven Adjectives ........................................................ 407
Chapter Twelve Numerals ........................................................ 421
Chapter Thirteen Particles ........................................................ 429
SYNTAX
Chapter Fourteen The Syntax of Nominals ............................. 449
Chapter Fifteen The Syntax of Verbs ....................................... 569
Chapter Sixteen The Syntax of Prepositions ........................... 791
Chapter Seventeen The Clause ................................................ 823
Chapter Eighteen Clause Sequences ........................................ 909
Chapter Nineteen Syntactic Subordination of Clauses ............ 951
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viii contents
VOLUME TWO
LEXICON
Chapter Twenty Remarks on the Lexicon .................................. 1029
Chapter Twenty-One Semantic Fields ....................................... 1041
Glossary of Verbs ........................................................................... 1103
General Glossary ............................................................................ 1213
Illustrations ..................................................................................... 1459
VOLUME THREE
TEXTS
SECTION A: STORIES
Folktales .......................................................................................... 1492
Fables .............................................................................................. 1850
The Qa†ina Legend ....................................................................... 1867
Section B: History and Culture ...................................................... 1880
Section C: Songs ............................................................................ 2110
Section D: Riddles and Proverbs ................................................... 2158
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CONTENTS
VOLUME ONE
GRAMMAR
preface ....................................................................................... xxxv
references .................................................................................. xxxvii
introduction .............................................................................. 1
0.1. Barwar and Its Assyrian Christian Communities ........... 1
0.2. The Neo-Aramaic Dialect .............................................. 6
0.2.1. The Position of the C. Barwar Dialect among the
Christian NENA Dialects ..................................... 8
0.2.2. The Relationship of the C. Barwar Dialect with
Other Christian Dialects in the Local Region ...... 14
0.2.3. The Relationship of the C. Barwar Dialect with
the Jewish NENA Dialects in the Local Region ... 16
0.2.4. Infl uence on the Dialect from the Koine Language
and the Language of Literature ........................... 17
0.2.5. Infl uence from Other Languages ......................... 18
0.3. Informants and Texts ...................................................... 24
0.4. The Grammar and Lexicon ............................................ 26
PHONOLOGY
chapter one consonants
1.1. Phoneme Inventory ......................................................... 29
1.2. Notes on the Phonetic Realization of the Consonants ... 30
1.2.1. Palatalization of /k/ and /g/ ............................... 30
1.2.2. Unaspirated Stops ................................................ 31
1.2.3. Emphatic Consonants .......................................... 32
1.2.4. Affricates ............................................................... 36
1.2.5. /n/ ........................................................................ 36
1.2.6. /m/ ....................................................................... 36
1.2.7. /w/ ....................................................................... 36
1.3. Phonetic Processes ........................................................... 36
1.3.1. Assimilation .......................................................... 36
1.3.2. Devoicing of Word Final Consonants ....................... 39
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