The Nature of Unidentified Galactic High-Energy Gamma-Ray Sources: Proceedings of the Workshop held at Tonantzintla, Puebla, México, 9-11 October 2000

357 Pages·2001·11.225 MB·English

by  David J. Thompson (auth.), Alberto Carramiñana, Olaf Reimer, David J. Thompson (eds.)

THE NATURE OF UNIDENTIFIED GALACTIC HIGH-ENERGY
GAMMA-RAY SOURCES
ASTROPHYSICS AND
SPACE SCIENCE LIBRARY
VOLUME 267
EDITORIAL BOARD
Chairman
W. B. BURTON, Sterrewacht, Leiden, P.O. Box 9513,2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
[email protected]
Executive Committee
J. M. E. KUIJPERS, Faculty of Science, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
E. P. J. VAN DEN HEUVEL, Astronomical Institute, University of Amsterdam,
The Netherlands
H. VAN DER LAAN, Astronomical Institute, University of Utrecht,
The Netherlands
MEMBERS
1. APPENZELLER, Landessternwarte Heidelberg-Konigstuhl, Germany
J. N. BAHCALL, The Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, US.A.
F. BERTOLA, Universita di Padova, Italy
J. P. CASSINELLI, University of Wisconsin, Madison, US.A.
C. J. CESARSKY, Centre d'Etudes de Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
O. ENGVOLD, Institute of Theoretical Astrophysics, University of Oslo, Norway
R. McCRAY, University of Colorado, JILA, Boulder, U.S.A.
P. G. MURDIN, Royal Greenwich Observatory, Cambridge, U.K.
F. PACINI, Istituto Astronomia Arcetri, Firenze, Italy
V. RADHAKRISHNAN, Raman Research Institute, Bangalore, India
K. SATO, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Japan
F. H. SHU, University of California, Berkeley, US.A.
B. V. SOMOV, Astronomical Institute, Moscow State University, Russia
R. A. SUNYAEV, Space Research Institute, Moscow, Russia
Y. TANAKA, Institute of Space & Astronautical Science, Kanagawa, Japan
S. TREMAINE, CITA, Princeton University, U.S.A.
N. O. WEISS, University of Cambridge, UK.
THE NATURE OF
UNIDENTIFIED GALACTIC
HIGH-ENERGY GAMMA-RAY
SOURCES
Proceedings of the Workshop held at Tonantzintla,
Puebla, Mexico, 9-11 October 2000
edited by
ALBERTO CARRAMINANA
lnstituto Nacional de Astrofisica,
Optica y Electr6nica,
Tonantzintla, Mexico
OLAFREIMER
and
DAVID J. THOMPSON
NASAIGoddard Space Flight Center;
Maryland, U.S.A.
SPRINGER SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA, LLC
A C.LP. Catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress.
ISBN 978-94-010-3875-1 ISBN 978-94-010-1007-8 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-94-010-1007-8
Printed on acid-free paper
All Rights Reserved
© 2001 Springer Science+Business Media New York
Originally published by Kluwer Academic Publishers in 2001
Softcover reprint ofthe hardcover Ist edition 2001
No part of the material protected by this copyright notice may be reproduced or
utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical,
including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and
retrieval system, without written permission from the copyright owner.
This book is dedicated
to Carl Fichtel,
Robert Hofstadter, and
Klaus Pinkau.
Contents
Preface ix
Participants to the Workshop xi
Part I Unidentified Gamma-Ray Sources
1
Unidentified Gamma-Ray Sources: an Introduction 3
David J. Thompson
2
Gamma-Ray Properties of Unidentified EGRET Sources 17
Olaf Reimer
3
Multiwavelength Searches and Spectral Aspects of 3EG Sources 35
Reshmi Mukherjee, Jules Halpern
Part II Correlations
4
Gamma-Ray Sources off the Galactic Plane 51
Isabelle A. Grenier
5
Low-Latitude Gamma-Ray Sources 65
Gustavo E. Romero
6
Population Studies of Unidentified ,-Ray Sources 81
Neil Gehre!~ Daryl J. Macomb, David L. Bertsch, David J. Thompson,
Robert C. l1artman, Barbara J. Mattson,
7
Population Studies of the EGRET Sources 89
Sandro Mereghetti, Andrew Chen, Alberto Pellizzoni, Marco Tavani, Stefano
Vercellone
v
VI UNIDENTIFIED GALACTIC GAMMA-RAY SOURCES
8
Low-Latitude Gamma-Ray Sources and Supernova Remnants 97
Diego F. Torres, Jorge A. Combi, Gustavo E. Romero and P. Benaglia
Part III High-energy Pulsars
9
Geminga Pulsars 107
Alberto Carramiiiana
10
X-Ray and Radio Observations of Bright GeV Sources 135
Mallory S. E. Roberts, Roger W. Romani, N obuyuki Kawai, Bryan M.
Gaensler, Simon Johnston
11
Gamma-Ray Pulsars: the 'Outer Gap' Perspective 153
Roger W. Romani
12
Polar Cap Pulsar Models 167
Matthew G. Baring
Part IV Supernova Remnants and Massive Stars
13
Massive Stars and Gamma-Ray Sources 191
Philip Kaaret
14
Diffuse Sources of High-Energy Gamma Rays in the Milky Way 197
Seth W. Digel
15
Shock Acceleration and Photon Production in Supernova Remnants 213
Donald C. Ellison
16
X-Ray Studies of Supernova Remnants 227
Patrick Slane
Part V Galactic Microquasars, Binaries and Black Holes
17
Microquasars in the Galaxy 245
Luis F. Rodriguez, I. Felix Mirabel
18
VLT Observations of Galactic Microquasars 255
Josep Marti, 1. Felix Mirabel, Sylvain Chaty, Luis F. Rodriguez
Contents VB
19
The Case of LS 5039 263
Josep M. Paredes, Josep Marti, Marc Rib6, Maria Massi
20
Non-Pulsating Black Holes as High Energy Gamma-Ray Sources 271
Brian Punsly
Part VI Identification and Perspectives
21
Te V Observations of Supernova Remnants and Unidentified Sources 285
Stephen Fegan
22
A First EGRET-UNID-Related Agenda for Cherenkov Telescopes 299
Dirk Petry
23
,-Ray Astronomy in the Era of GLAST 321
Neil Gehrels, on behalf of the GLAST Science Team
24
The AGILE Gamma-Ray Astronomy Satellite 331
S. Mereghetti, M. Tavani A. Argan, A. Chen, P. Caraveo F. Perotti,
S. Vercellone...l G. Barbieilini, M. Prest, E. Vallazza, G.Di Cocco, C.Labanti,
M. Trifoglio, l!i. Costa, M. Feroci, 1. La~shov, A. Rubini, P. Soffitta, P. Picozza,
A. Morselli, V. Cocco, C. Pittori, D. Zanello, P. Lipari, F. Longo
25
Multiwavelength Round-Table Presentations 339
Dirk Petry, Sandro Mereghetti, Alberto Carramiiiana, Gustavo E. Romero
Part VII Summary
26
Unidentified Gamma-Ray Sources: Summary and Conclusion 349
David J. Thompson
Topic Index
353
Author Index
355
Preface
The Energetic Gamma-Ray Experiment Telescope (EGRET) instru
ment on the Compton Gamma-Ray Observatory left as a legacy its Third
Catalog of High Energy Gamma-Ray Sources, whose detections include
a large number of blazars, some pulsars, the Large Magellanic Cloud and
a solar flare. Most of the newly discovered objects - a majority of the
catalog - are unidentified sources, with a clearly predominant Galactic
population. Are all these radio-quiet pulsars, like Geminga, or is there
a novel type of celestial object, awaiting identification? In spite of the
limited angular resolution provided by EGRET and COMPTEL, there is
still much to learn about unidentified ,-ray sources: correlation studies,
multiwavelength observations and theoretical work can provide valuable
clues, specially if these efforts are carried out in a coordinated manner.
The aim of this workshop, held from October 9 to 11, 2000, at the
Instituto N acional de Astrofisica, Optica y Electronica, at Tonantzintla,
Mexico, was to gather experts on the subject, including observational as
tronomers specialized in other regions of the electromagnetic spectrum,
in an effort to address the question of the Nature of Galactic high-energy
gamma-ray sources, both from the theoretical and observational perspec
tive, and elaborate schemes for future identification studies which can
make use of existing and forthcoming facilities.
Our thanks are extended to the sponsoring organization: el Consejo
N adonal de Cienda y Tecnologia, Mexico;
• to the Scientific Organizing Committee: Alberto Carramiiiana
(INAOE), Olaf Reimer (GSFC), Gottfried Kanbach (MPE), Dave
Thompson (GSFC), Matthew Baring (GSFC), Michael Catanese
(SAO), Karen Brazier (Durham), Gustavo Romero (IARjUNLP),
Roger Romani (Stanford), and Dale Frail (NRAO).
• and Local Organizing Committee: Alberto Carramiiiana, Divakara
Mayya, Daniel Rosa, Gabriela Lopez, and German de Santos,
and to the staffs of the Coordinacion de Astrofisica, Direccion de Inves
tigacion y Posgrado, and Direccion Administrativa of INAOE.
This volume represents the results of this workshop, a look both back
ward and forward that we hope will provide a useful guide for the next
generations of high-energy gamma-ray telescopes.
ALBERTO CARRAMINANA, OLAF REIMER & DAVID J. THOMPSON
ix
Participants to the Workshop
Alvarez, Cesar INAOE, Tonantzintla [email protected]
Baring, Matthew t NASA/GSFC/USRA [email protected]
Barrera, Pablo INAOE, Tonantzintla [email protected]
Brazier, Karen University of Durham [email protected]
Carramiiiana, Alberto INAOE, Tonantzintla [email protected]
Combi, Jorge Ariel Instituto Argentino
de Radioastronomia [email protected]
Chavushyan, Vahram INAOE, Tonantzintla [email protected]
Digel, Seth NASA/GSFC/USRA [email protected]
Ellison, Don North Carolina
State University [email protected]
Fegan, Steve CfA, Harvard
& University of Arizona [email protected]
Gallardo, Agustin INAOE, Tonantzintla [email protected]
Gaztaiiaga, Enrique INAOE, Tonantzintla [email protected]
Gehrels, Neil NASA/GSFC [email protected]
Gomez, Yolanda UNAM gocy@astrosmo. unam.mx
Grenier, Isabelle Universite de Paris
& CEA, Sac1ay [email protected]
Kaaret, Philip CfA, Harvard [email protected]
Kanbach, Gottfried MPE [email protected]
Luna, Abraham INAOE, Tonantzintla [email protected]
Marti, Josep University Jaen [email protected]
Mayya, Divakara INAOE, Tonantzintla [email protected]
Mereghetti, Sandro IFC CNR -MILANO [email protected]
Mukherjee, Reshmi Columbia University [email protected]
Ortiz, Martha INAOE, Tonantzintla [email protected]
Paredes, Josep Universitat de Barcelona [email protected]
Pedraza, Rocio UNAM [email protected]
Petry, Dirk Iowa State University [email protected]
Punsly, Brian brian. [email protected]
Recillas, Elsa INAOE, Tonantzintla [email protected]
Reimer, Olaf NASA/GSFC/NRC [email protected]
Roberts, Mallory McGill University,
Montreal [email protected]
Rodriguez Hoy, Luis INAOE, Tonantzintla [email protected]
Rodriguez, Ary INAOE, Tonantzintla [email protected]
Rodriguez, Luis Felipe IA-UNAM, Morelia [email protected]
Romani, Roger Stanford University [email protected]
Romero, Gustavo Instituto Argentino
de Radioastronomia [email protected]
Rosa, Daniel INAOE, Tonantzintla [email protected]
Slane, Patrick CfA, Harvard [email protected]
xi