The myth of ethnic war : Serbia and Croatia in the 1990s PDF
Preview The myth of ethnic war : Serbia and Croatia in the 1990s
MYTH THE ETHNIC OF WAR MYTH THE ETHNIC OF WAR SERBIA AND CROATIA IN THE 1990s V. P. GAGNON JR. CORNELL UNIVERSITY PRESS ITHACA AND LONDON Copyright © 2004by Cornell University All rights reserved. Except for brief quotations in a review, this book, or parts thereof, must not be reproduced in any form without permis- sion in writing from the publisher. For information, address Cornell University Press, Sage House, 512East State Street, Ithaca, New York 14850. First published 2004by Cornell University Press Printed in the United States of America Gagnon, V. P. (Valère Philip), Jr. The myth of ethnic war : Serbia and Croatia in the 1990s / V. P. Gagnon Jr. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. isbn 0-8014-4264-8(cloth : alk. paper) 1. Yugoslav War, 1991–1995—Causes. I. Title. dr1313.g34 2004 949.703—dc22 2004010399 Cornell University Press strives to use environmentally responsible suppliers and materials to the fullest extent possible in the publish- ing of its books. Such materials include vegetable-based, low-VOC inks and acid-free papers that are recycled, totally chlorine-free, or partly composed of nonwood fibers. For further information, visit our website at www.cornellpress.cornell.edu. Cloth printing 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 CONTENTS List of Abbreviations vii Acknowledgments ix Preface xiii 1.The Puzzle of the Yugoslav Wars of the 1990s 1 2.Image versus Reality: Misidentifying the Causes of Violence 31 3.Political Conflict in the League of Communists of Yugoslavia, 1960s–1989 52 4. Serbia and the Strategy of Demobilization, 1990–2000 87 5. Croatia and the Strategy of Demobilization, 1990–2000 131 Conclusion 178 Appendix. ABrief Overview of the Literature 195 Selected Bibliography 201 Index 207 ABBREVIATIONS BH Bosnia and Herzegovina HDZ Croatian Democratic Community (Hrvatska Demokratska Zajednica) HDZBH Croatian Democratic Community of Bosnia-Herzegovina SDS Serbian Democratic Party (Srpska Demokratska Stranka) SDSBH Serbian Democratic Party of Bosnia-Herzegovina SIV Federal Executive Council (federal government) (Savezni izvršni već) SKBH League of Communists of Bosnia-Herzegovina (Savez komunista Bosne i Hercegovine) SKH League of Communists of Croatia (Savez komunista Hrvatske) SKJ League of Communists of Yugoslavia (Savez komunista Jugoslavije) SKS League of Communists of Serbia (Savez komunista Srbije) SPO Serbian Renewal Movement (Srpski pokret obnove) SPS Socialist Party of Serbia (Socijalistička partija Srbije) SRS Serbian Radical Party (Srpska Radikalna Stranka) ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This project has been long in the making, and in that time I have become indebted to many people. I thank the institutions that have funded my research. The U.S. Depart- ment of State-administered Title VIII (Research and Training Act) Postdoc- toral Fellowship in Russian and East European Studies at the Hoover Institution of Stanford University provided me with time to begin thinking about this project. I am also grateful to the Social Science Research Council–MacArthur Foundation Postdoctoral Fellowship Program on Peace and Security in a Changing World for three years of funding that gave me the opportunity to read deeply in the field of ethnicity, ethnic conflict, and identity. This fellowship also provided me with the chance to meet and inter- act with colleagues from disciplines other than my own. The impact of that intellectual exchange was enormously positive and proved crucial to my further development of this project. The SSRC-MacArthur fellowship also made it possible for me to spend an academic year in Croatia and Serbia, as well as a follow up year to begin digesting and synthesizing the experi- ences and data from my field research with the theoretical literature. Thanks also go to the Sociology Department at the University of Zagreb, and to Vesna Pusić, who was chair at that time, for providing me with an intellectual home and for giving me the opportunity to share my research and thinking on issues of ethnicity. The Institute for Philosophy and Social Theory in Belgrade provided a similar intellectual home in Serbia. I thank Božidar Jakšićfor the warmth and generosity he has shown every time I visit Belgrade.
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