The Myth of Aristotle's Development and the Betrayal of Metaphysics The Myth of Aristotle's Development and the Betrayal of Metaphysics WALTER E. WEHRLE ROWMAN & LITTLEFIELD PUBLISHERS, INC. Lanham • Boulder • New York • Oxford ROWMAN & LITTLEFIELD PUBLISHERS, INC. Published in the United States of America by Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc. 4720 Boston Way, Lanham, Maryland 20706 http://www.rowmanlittlefield.com 12 Hid's Copse Road Cumnor Hill, Oxford OX2 9JJ, England Copyright© 2000 by Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Information Available Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Wehrle, Walter, 1946-1996. The myth of Aristotle's development and the betrayal of metaphysics /Walter E. Wehrle. p. em. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN: 978-0-8476-8161-7 I. Aristotle-Contributions in metaphysics. 2. Metaphysics. 3. Aristotle. Metaphysics. Book 7-8 I. Title. B49l.M4 W43 2001 110'.92-dc21 00-062640 Printed in the United States of America §TMThe paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of American National Standard for Information Sciences-Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI/NISO Z39.48-!992. This book is dedicated to my dear wife, Ellen my late mother and father my brother, Mel, my late Aunt Dora and my late sister, Verna Contents Preface IX Introduction XIII 1. Myths and Stories 2. Inquiry and Dialectic 41 3. Aristotle's Metaphysics ZH 97 4. The Categories: Aristotelian Semantics 165 5. The Ontological Turn 229 Bibliography 263 Index 275 About the Author 279 Vll Preface On the Ides of March 1996, a massive stroke ended Walter Wehrle's life at age forty-nine. Along with the broken hearts of members of his family and of his many friends, Walter left behind a manuscript for this book. He was putting the finish ing touches on this work when he died. Along with several of Walter's colleagues, I could not bear the thought that his devoted scholarship and insights about Aris totle would not be preserved for others. I will later mention the difficulties that had to be overcome in order to preserve Walter's work. My husband's life began in Denver, Colorado, in 1947. His early years in the 1950s gave every promise of an active and healthy life. His family, church, and school activities were all taken up with great enthusiasm. He was active in Cub Scouts, took piano lessons, and spent his summers at his family's log cabin. He showed great promise as a tennis player. Walter's vigorous childhood vanished sud denly when, at age eleven, he contracted typhoid fever after drinking contaminated water from a mountain stream. In the hospital for months and with Walter's im munity weakened, a temporary blindness alerted his physicians to the onset of ju venile arthritis. Cortisone reduced the inflammation Walter was suffering, but dam aged his endocrine system, halting his growth. Over the next thirty years, all of his body's joints crumbling, he suffered unrelenting pain, frequent hemorrhages, two hip replacements, a broken neck, and episodes of nearly complete immobility. After his juvenile arthritis had been recognized, Walter was made a poster child for the Arthritis Foundation. He responded to his situation with uncommon courage. Hanging up his tennis racquet, he set himself a course of study with his mentor, Frank O'Connor, that included mastering Greek, Latin, and German. Ex cluded from most adolescent activities, Walter managed to usher at the famous Elich Theatre in Denver and to stand behind a McDonald's cash register. The money he so painfully earned was earmarked for college tuition and-every boy's dream -an automobile. Walter recalled a ten-minute struggle to climb into his first car, followed by the great satisfaction of being able to move forward effortlessly. IX