Table Of Content

The Motivation to Work C\ Taylor & Francis ~- Taylor & Francis Group http:/ /taylorandfra ncis.com The Motivation to Work Frederick Herzberg Bernard Mausner Barbara Bloch Snyderman With a New Introduction by Frederick Herzberg ~~ ~~o~!J;n~~:up LONDON AND NEW YORK Originally published in 1959 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Published 1993 by Transaction Publishers Published 2017 by Routledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN 711 ThirdAvenue, New York, NY 10017, USA Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business New material this edition copyright© 1993 by Taylor & Francis. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. Notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. Library of Congress Catalog Number: 92-16067 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Herzberg, Frederick The motivation to work I Frederick Herzberg, Bernard Mausner, Bar- bara Bloch Snyderman : with a new introduction by Frederick Herzberg. p. em. Originally published: New York :Wiley, 1959. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 1-56000-634-X (paper) 1. Job satisfaction. 2. Work. I. Mausner, Bernard, 1920- II. Snyderman, Barbara Bloch. III. Title. HF5549.5.J63H428 1992 331.25-dc20 92-16067 CIP ISBN 13: 978-1-56000-634-3 (pbk) To Lewis Herzberg C\ Taylor & Francis ~- Taylor & Francis Group http:/ /taylorandfra ncis.com Contents Introduction to the Transaction Edition xi Foreword xix Preface xxi PART I · Background and Procedure 1 · Origins of the Study 3 The Measurement of Job Attitudes 5 Factor'.~ in Job Attitudes 6 Studies of the Effects of Job Attitudes 7 Theory 8 A New Approach 11 Sources 12 Elements of the Design 14 Some Alternate Approaches 17 2 · The Pilot Projects 20 The Second Pilot 24 3 · Procedure for the Major Study 30 The Population Sample 32 Sampling Procedures 32 Interviewing Procedure 35 4 · How the Interviews Were Analyzed 37 Method for Developing the Analytic Scheme 38 5 · The Definition of a Sequence of Events 40 Short- and Long-Range Sequences 41 The Six Basic Groups 43 6 · The Definition of Job-Attitude Factors 44 First-Level Factors 44 Seco•·d-Level Factors 49 7 · The Definition of the Effects of Job Attitudes 51 vii Viii CONTENTS PART II· The Results 8 · The Factors 59 The High Sequences 59 The Low Sequences 70 High venus Low Job-Attitude Sequences 79 Salary 82 9 · The Effects 84 Perfonnance Effects 85 Turnover 88 Attitude Toward the Company 89 Mental-Health Effects 90 lnterpenwnal Relationship as Effects 92 Attitudinal Effects 93 Effects as Related to Factors and to Demographic Variables 95 10 · Individuals 97 Differences in the Lows 97 Factors among the Highs 98 Engineers and Accountants 100 A Final Note 102 PART III · The Implications 11 · A Hypothesis Restated and Expanded 107 12 · Motivation versus Hygiene 113 13 · Perspective 120 The Meaning of Work in a Primitive Society 121 Transition to the Machine Age 122 Work in the Contempomry World 124 The Consequences of Bureaucracy 125 The Search joT Motivation 126 The ManageTial and PTofessional World 128 The Consequences for the Individual and for So- ciety 130 Suggestions 131 The StTucture of Jobs 132 Should Jobs Be Made More Interesting? 133 CONTENTS ix The Problem of Selection 134 Supervision 134 What Then Becomes of the Concept of Partici- pation? 136 A Program in Mental Health 137 The Pinal Goal 138 Appendix I Job Attitudes 141 Patterned Interview 141 Appendix II Analysis of Factors 143 Analysis of Effects 148 References 151 Index 155