The Millennium Biography of Muhammad, The Prophet of Allah

365 Pages·2004·0.98 MB·English

by  Grand Shaykh

THE MILLENNIUM BIOGRAPHY OF MUHAMMAD THE PROPHET OF ALLAH
(Allah praises and grants peace upon the Prophet)
(Salla Allahu (sa) alihi wa sallam)
Allah is the Arabic word for the Creator
Islam is the Arabic word for submission to Allah
© 2002 www.Allah.com
© 2002 www.Muhammad.com
© 2002 www.Mosque.com
THE MILLENNIUM BIOGRAPHY OF MUHAMMAD
THE PROPHET OF ALLAH
by
Grand Shaykh, Professor Hasan Qaribullah
Dean of Umm Durman Islamic University and Sammania Grand Shaykh
Grand Muhaddith Master Abdullah Ben Sadek
Shaykha Anne Khadijah Darwish
Shaykh Ahmad Darwish
Shaykh Qaribulla USA Personal Secretary
The Founder of the Mosque of the Internet
Reviewed in part by
Former manager of Muhammad Ali
Please email it to friends and family
Available in palm, word and web formats
Converted to HTML format by
Bill McLean
www.mclean.faithweb.com
[email protected]
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THE MILLENNIUM BIOGRAPHY OF MUHAMMAD THE PROPHET OF ALLAH
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Preface
Introduction
Chapter 1 Prophet Abraham and the First House of Allah on Earth
Chapter 2 The New Governors of Mecca
Chapter 3 Hashim
Chapter 4 Abd Al Mutalib
Chapter 5 The Vow
Chapter 6 The Marriage of Abdullah to Amina
Chapter 7 The Memorable Year of the Elephant
Chapter 8 The Birth of the Last Prophet of Allah, the Sealing of the Prophethood
Chapter 9 Life in the Desert
Chapter 10 A New Life in Mecca
Chapter 11 The Early Years
Chapter 12 Marriage
Chapter 13 Sayd
Chapter 14 Ka’ba
Chapter 15 Ali, son of Abu Talib
Chapter 16 The Prophethood
Chapter 17 The Revelation, Rank of the Prophets, Messengers and the Arch Angel Gabriel
Chapter 18 The Miraculous Koran
Chapter 19 The Early Revelations
Chapter 20 The First to Believe
Chapter 21 The Characteristics of the Early Muslims
Chapter 22 The Hierarchy of the Koraysh
Chapter 23 The Command to Preach
Chapter 24 The Koraysh and Abu Talib
Chapter 25 Tufayl from the Tribe of Daws
Chapter 26 Pre-Islamic Conditions in Yathrib
Chapter 27 Unrest in Mecca
Chapter 28 An Attempt to Bribe
Chapter 29 Nadar, the son of Al Harith
Chapter 30 Persecution
Chapter 31 The Eavesdroppers
Chapter 32 Waleed, Chief of the Makhzum
Chapter 33 The Splitting of the Moon
Chapter 34 Idolatry Through Lack of Divine Guidance - the Conversion of Omar, son of Khattab
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Chapter 35 The Boycott
Chapter 36 The Companions Migrate to Abyssinia
Chapter 37 The Delegation from Abyssinia
Chapter 38 The Cessation of the Boycott
Chapter 39 The Year of Sorrow
Chapter 40 The Vision
Chapter 41 Abu Bakr and Talha
Chapter 42 The Journey to Ta’if
Chapter 43 The Message and the Tribes
Chapter 44 The Night Journey and the Ascent
Chapter 45 The Six Men from the Tribe of Khazraj
Chapter 46 Madinat Al Nabi - the City of the Prophet
Chapter 47 The Visitor from Najd
Chapter 48 The Migration
Chapter 49 A Time for Readjustment
Chapter 50 The Jews of Medina
Chapter 51 The Second Year after the Migration
Chapter 52 A Threat from Mecca
Chapter 53 The Second Year after the Migration
Chapter 54 Prelude to the Encounter of Badr
Chapter 55 The Encounter of Badr
Chapter 56 The Revenge of Bilal and the Persecuted
Chapter 57 The Spoils of War
Chapter 58 The Death of Lady Rukayyah
Chapter 59 The Arrival of the Prisoners
Chapter 60 The Return of the Koraysh
Chapter 61 Three Resolutions
Chapter 62 The Marriage of Lady Fatima
Chapter 63 “When you are touched with good fortune, they grieve”
Chapter 64 The Market Place of the Tribe of Kaynuka
Chapter 65 The Oath of Abu Sufyan
Chapter 66 Lady Hafsah
Chapter 67 The Request of Lady Fatima
Chapter 68 The Caravan to Iraq
Chapter 69 Prelude to the Encounter at Uhud
Chapter 70 The Births of Al Hassan and Al Hussain
Chapter 71 The Encounter at Uhud
Chapter 72 The Return to Medina
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Chapter 73 The Day after Uhud
Chapter 74 Revelations Concerning Uhud
Chapter 75 After Uhud
Chapter 76 Lady Zaynab, Daughter of Khuzaymah
Chapter 77 A Plot to Murder the Prophet (sa)
Chapter 78 The Tribe of Nadir Declare War
Chapter 79 The Fourth Year
Chapter 80 The Second Meeting at Badr
Chapter 81 The Fifth Year
Chapter 82 Salman of Persia
Chapter 83 The Marauders of Dumat Al Jandal
Chapter 84 A Pattern of Life Emerges
Chapter 85 Lady Zaynab, Daughter of Jahsh
Chapter 86 The Revenge of the Tribe of Nadir
Chapter 87 The Koraysh Prepare for the Attack
Chapter 88 The Encounter at the Trench
Chapter 89 The Aftermath
Chapter 90 The Death of Sa’ad, Mu’adhs son
Chapter 91 The Koraysh Caravan
Chapter 92 The Tribe of Mutalik
Chapter 93 The Necklace of Lady Ayesha
Chapter 94 The Vicious Lie
Chapter 95 The Death of Ubayd Allah, son of Jahsh
Chapter 96 The Prelude to the Opening of Mecca
Chapter 97 The Treat of Hudaybiyah
Chapter 98 The Escapees from Mecca
Chapter 99 The Waiving of the Clause
Chapter 100 The Blowers upon Knots
Chapter 101 A Time of Sadness, a Time for Rejoicing
Chapter 102 The Marriage between the Prophet (sa) and Lady Umm Habibah
Chapter 103 The Jews of Khybar
Chapter 104 The March to Khybar
Chapter 105 The Events of Khybar
Chapter 106 Lady Safiyah, Daughter of Huyay
Chapter 107 The Victorious Arrival
Chapter 108 The Tribes of Hawazin and Ghatafan
Chapter 109 The Trial of Wealth
Chapter 110 Gifts from the Muqawqas, Primate of the Christian, Coptic Church in Egypt
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Chapter 111 Umrah - the Lesser Pilgrimage
Chapter 112 The Dispute
Chapter 113 The Turner of Hearts
Chapter 114 The Eighth Year
Chapter 115 The Intercepted Letter
Chapter 116 The Tribes of Bakr and Khuzah
Chapter 117 The Road to Mecca
Chapter 118 The Opening of Mecca
Chapter 119 The Encounter at Hunain
Chapter 120 The Spoils of War
Chapter 121 The Return Journey to Medina
Chapter 122 A Son is Born
Chapter 123 Smaller Expeditions
Chapter 124 Tabuk
Chapter 125 The Return from Tabuk
Chapter 126 The Delegation from Ta’if
Chapter 127 The Year of Deputations
Chapter 128 The First Pilgrimage after the Opening of Mecca
Chapter 129 Life in Medina
Chapter 130 A Time of Great Sorrow
Chapter 131 A Time to Learn
Chapter 132 The Farewell Pilgrimage
Chapter 133 The Return from Yemen
Chapter 134 The 11th Year
Prophetic Homestead - His Genealogy and Description
PREFACE
YOU, THE READER AND HERACLIUS, EMPEROR OF ROME HAVE SOMETHING IN COMMON
The authors were unable to find a more eloquent preface to this millennium biography than a
letter sent by the Prophet to his contemporary the Emperor Heraclius. In reply, Heraclius
commenced an imperial investigative effort to cross examine the current Prophethood. In the
year 610 CE, Heraclius, succeeded Phocas as Emperor of Rome. His empire flourished and
extended as far west as the Danube in Europe, and included all the countries on the
Mediterranean coast. It also included the Balkans of which Turkey with its famed city
Constantinople, named after the Emperor Constantine was a jewel in the crown of the Roman
empire, and many of the Arab countries surrounding Arabia. As part of his prophetic duty
Prophet Muhammad (sa) invited Heraclius to Islam and in response Heraclius decided to
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examine Prophet Muhammad. By exploring this book you are, by default, examining Prophet
Muhammad (sa) and this what is meant by referring to the reader as having something in
common with Heraclius. Prophet Muhammad (sa) sent his messenger, Dihyah Al Kalbi to the
governor of Bostra with a letter for Heraclius inviting him to Islam saying:
PROPHET MUHAMMAD’S LETTER TO HERACLIUS
In the Name of Allah, the Merciful, the Most Merciful. From: The Prophet of Allah To:
Heraclius, the greatest of Romans Peace be upon those who follow Divine Guidance. I
therefore invite you to embrace Islam. Surrender to Allah and live in peace. Allah will doubly
reward you, but if you turn away, the sin of the Arians will rest upon you." Then he quoted the
Koran:
'Say: People of the Book! (Jews, Nazarenes and Christians) let us come to a common word
between us and you, that we will worship none except Allah, that we will associate none with
Him, and that none of us take others for lords beside Allah.’ If they turn away, say: ‘Bear
witness that we are Muslims’ Koran 3:64
IMPERIAL, INVESTIGATIVE CROSS EXAMINATION OF THE PROPHETHOOD
A peace treaty was in effect between the Prophet (sa) and the hostile tribe of Koraysh. Abu
Sufyan, its chieftain, one of the most bitter enemies of Islam knew that on account of the
peace treaty he could rely upon the safe passage of his caravan to trade in far away Syria
(Ash-Sham). Heraclius had many questions he wanted answered. When he learned that a
Koraysh caravan from Mecca was now in the vicinity, he sent a rider with a message to the
caravaners saying he wished them to accompany his rider back to Jerusalem so that he may
speak with them. As Abu Sufyan and his caravan journeyed to Jerusalem, he wondered why
the Emperor of Rome had sent for him but he didn't have to wait long. As soon as they
reached Jerusalem, Abu Sufyan and his companions were presented to Heraclius and his court
whereupon Heraclius called for an interpreter and inquired about Prophet Muhammad (sa). He
asked Abu Sufyan and his companions who amongst them was closest to the Prophet (sa) in
kinship. Abu Sufyan replied that it was he and told him that the Prophet (sa) hailed from a
noble lineage. Then, Heraclius turned to his companions and said, "If he says something you
know to be contradictory, you must speak." Heraclius' questions were direct, he asked Abu
Sufyan if any of his tribe had ever before claimed to be a prophet whereupon Abu Sufyan
replied that none had. Then he asked if any of his ancestors had been a king and Abu Sufyan
replied that they had not. Heraclius was interested to know what kind of people followed the
Prophet (sa) and if their numbers were increasing or decreasing. Abu Sufyan told him that
they were poor people and that their numbers were increasing. Then, Heraclius asked if he
knew of anyone of his followers had reverted to their old religion, and Abu Sufyan replied that
he knew of none. Referring to the Prophet's character Heraclius asked Abu Sufyan if he had
ever known the Prophet (sa) to lie, or if he had ever betrayed or broken his word, whereupon
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Abu Sufyan replied no to all counts, then, referring to the latter Abu Sufyan commented in a
tone of resentment, "We have a treaty with him, but we do not know what he will do."
Heraclius asked next if they had ever fought against the Prophet (sa) and if so to tell him
about the outcome. Abu Sufyan replied that they had fought; sometimes they had been
victorious and upon other occasions victory belonged to the Prophet (sa). Then, Heraclius
inquired about his teachings whereupon Abu Sufyan told him that the Prophet (sa) ordered his
followers to worship Allah alone and not to associate anything with Him, and to renounce the
idols their forefathers had worshipped. Abu Sufyan continued to tell him that the Prophet (sa)
also ordered them to pray, not to lie, to be chaste and to foster kindred relationship.
THE WITNESSING TO THE AUTHENTICITY OF PROPHET MUHAMMAD (SA)
From these answers Heraclius derived his opinion of the Prophet (sa) saying, "All the prophets
came from noble families, I asked you if anyone before him from your tribe claimed to be a
prophet and your reply was no. If your reply had affirmed it then I would have deduced he
was mimicking that man. I asked if any of your ancestors had been a king, you replied they
had not. If your answer had been otherwise I would have assumed that he wanted to reclaim
his ancestral kingdom. When I asked if he lied, you replied that he did not, so I wondered how
a person who does not lie could ever tell a lie about Allah. I also asked you about his
followers, whether they were rich or poor and you replied they were poor -- the followers of all
the prophets were poor. When I asked if his followers were increasing or decreasing, you
replied increasing; this is the course of true belief. Then, I asked if there was anyone, who,
after embracing Islam recanted and you replied that you knew of none; this is another sign of
belief as it enters the heart. When I asked you if he had ever been known to betray, you
replied that he had not; this is the way of all prophets. Then I asked you what he ordered his
followers to do, and you told me that he orders that Allah alone is to be worshipped, and
forbade the worship of idols. Then you told me that he orders you to pray, speak the truth,
and be chaste. If what you say is true, he will, in the near future occupy this seat." Then
Heraclius told Abu Sufyan: "I knew he was about to appear, but did not know he would be
from you. If I could meet him I would wash his feet with water." Then Heraclius called for the
letter the Prophet (sa) had sent him while before and read it aloud whereupon there was a
sudden outcry from the court and Abu Sufyan and his companions were thrown out onto the
street. As soon as they were able to pull themselves together Abu Sufyan told his companions,
"He has become so prominent that even the King of the light-skinned Byzantine people is
afraid of him!" and knew in his heart that it would not be long until the Prophet (sa)
conquered. Abu Sufyan was a proud man and his reputation mattered greatly to him and was
heard to say in the years to come, "By Allah, if it were not for the fact that I would have been
ashamed that my companions would label me as a liar, I would not have told the truth."
INTRODUCTION
ARCH ANGEL GABRIEL’S DISCRIPTION OF THE PRINCIPALS OF ISLAM:
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Omar, the son of Khattab narrated, “We were sitting with the Holy Prophet (sa) one day,
when an unknown man appeared to us. His clothes were brilliantly white, his hair jet black but
there was no sign of traveling upon him.
1. SUBMISSION TO ALLAH (ISLAM)
He sat down in front of the Prophet (sa) and their knees touched. Placing his hands on his
thighs he said, ‘Prophet Muhammad (sa) tell me about Islam.’ The Prophet (sa) replied, ‘Islam
is that you bear witness that there is no god except Allah, and that Muhammad is His
Messenger, and that you establish the prayer, pay the obligatory charity, fast the month of
Ramadan, and make the Pilgrimage to the House (Ka’ba) if you can afford it.’ Then to our
surprise the man confirmed the correctness of the answer saying, ‘That is right.’
2. FAITH AND BELIEF (IMAN)
Then the man said, ‘Tell me about faith.’ To this the Prophet (sa) replied, ‘ It is that you
believe in Allah, His Angels, His Books, His Messengers, the Last Day and that you believe in
predestination.’
3. SPIRITUAL PERFECTION (IHSAN, ISLAMIC SUFISM)
Again the man said, ‘That is right, now tell me about perfection.’ The Prophet (sa) replied, ‘It
is that you worship Allah as if you are seeing Him, and if you do not see Him, know that He is
watching you.’ The man asked again, ‘Tell me about the Hour of Judgement.’ The Prophet (sa)
replied, ‘He who is being asked knows no more about it than the one who asks.’ So the man
asked, ‘Tell me about some of the signs of its approach.’ To this the Prophet (sa) replied, ‘The
female slave will give birth to her master, and the bare-footed, naked, penniless goat-herders
will live arrogantly in high mansions.’ The man departed, and I remained for a while. The
Prophet (sa) asked me, ‘Omar, do you know who the inquirer was?’ I replied, ‘Allah and His
Messenger know best.’ So he told me, ‘It was Gabriel who came to teach you your Religion.’”
CHAPTER 1 PROPHET ABRAHAM AND THE FIRST HOUSE OF
ALLAH ON EARTH
Prophet Abraham was born to honorable parents descended from Prophet Noah. He was born
in the city of Hara, Iraq during the reign of King Nimrod and is often referred to as “The Friend
of Allah” and "The Father of the Prophets". Before Abraham reached maturity his father
passed away, and as was the custom in those days, he would, out of respect for his paternal
uncle, refer to him as his father. There had been a void in guidance since the death of Prophet
Noah and the people of Hara reverted to idolatry. Hara was renowned for its ornate, pagan
temples and its citizens took great pride in the idols housed within them. Offerings were
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sacrificed to the idols and ritual ceremonies, wishfully invoking their favors performed before
them. A lucrative commerce had grown around the activities of the temples. Carved replicas of
the idols were a much sought after possession and it was to this profession that Azar,
Abraham’s uncle, whom he now called “father” directed his talents.
WHO IS MY LORD
Abraham was unlike his contemporaries, he grew to be an upright, caring, young man
repulsed by idol worship and sought the answer to a question that had consumed him for
many years -- who was his Lord? In the process of his guidance, Allah in His Mercy caused
Abraham to contemplate upon the kingdoms of the heavens and earth. One evening, as he
gazed up into the night sky, he saw a planet shinning more brightly than the others and
exclaimed, "This is surely my Lord!" but, as the morning light came the planet set he rejected
his thought saying, "I do not like the setting ones!" On another occasion as he saw the moon
rise he said once again, "This is my Lord!" But like the planet as the light of the morning broke
it disappeared whereupon he said, "If my Lord does not guide me, I shall be amongst the
astray nation!" Then, when he saw the sun rise upon the horizon he said, "This must be my
Lord, it is larger!" But as it set he turned to his people saying, "O nation I am quit of what you
associate (with Allah, the Creator) I have turned my face to Him who created the heavens and
the earth, uprightly, and I am not among the idolaters!" Koran, Chapter 6 verses 76-79
ABRAHAM IS CHOSEN BY ALLAH AND BECOMES A PROPHET
Shortly after this Allah sent the Arch Angel Gabriel to inform Abraham that He had chosen him
to be His Messenger. Abraham was deeply humbled by the news and Gabriel brought him,
over a period of forty-two visits, ten Holy Scrolls. Prophet Muhammad informed his
companions later on that the contents of the Scrolls were examples. Abraham's open rejection
of idolatry caused a commotion, no one had ever challenged the deity of the idols of Hara; to
his fellow citizens the notion was deemed blasphemous. However, Abraham was resolved, he
had no doubt that Allah was the only One to be worshipped because he was convinced that it
was He alone who had created everything.
THE LOGIC OF ABRAHAM
Abraham tried reasoning with those around him in the best manner, but they refused to
accept his logic even after he had drawn their attention to the obvious fact that their idols had
either been hewn from stone or carved from wood by people such as themselves. Abraham
never stopped challenging his people and asked if their idols could do anything else other than
just stand motionless, year after year, in the same place -- the place in which they themselves
had been positioned many years before! He reminded his people that the idols neither ate nor
drank from the offerings placed before them nor could they harm or benefit anyone. But still
the people refused to abandon their idolatry. Over the course of time the idolaters became
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outraged and told Abraham that it was he who was wrong and that he must fear their gods.
Abraham shook his head and asked, "And how should I fear what you have associated when
you yourselves are not afraid that you have associated with Allah that which He did not send
down for it upon you an authority.” Koran, Chapter 6 verse 81
ABRAHAM AND KING NIMROD
The news of Abraham's preaching reached King Nimrod who considered himself to be a deity.
Abraham feared no one except Allah, so when he was presented to the king he challenged him
saying, "My Lord is He who revives and causes to die." But the artful king scoffed at Abraham
and told him, "I revive and cause to die." The king knew exactly what Abraham meant, but
had tired to outwit him with his reply by referring to the power he had as king to either spare
the life of a guilty criminal, or put to death an innocent person -- whichever suited his whim.
Abraham challenged him yet again saying, "Allah brings up the sun from the east, so you bring
it from the west." This time the king knew he had been revealed and the color drained from
his face, and Abraham waited to see if he would surrender to Allah but he did not and so
Abraham returned home. Koran, Chapter 2 verse 258
ABRAHAM AND THE MIRACLE OF THE FOUR BIRDS
One day, Abraham asked Allah to show him how He revived the dead. Allah asked Abraham,
"Haven't you believed?" Abraham told Him that it wasn't that, rather, it was just to satisfy his
heart. So Allah told him to take four birds, sacrifice them, then cut them into pieces and mix
their bits and pieces together then go to the neighboring hills and place some of the mixed
pieces on each of them. Allah told Abraham that after he had done this to call the birds and
their severed parts would reassemble and fly to him. Abraham did exactly as he was told, he
sacrificed a peacock, an eagle, a crow and a rooster, then, after he had mixed their body parts
together he placed them upon the neighboring hills, keeping only their heads with him. Once
this had been done he called to them whereupon their mixed parts were brought back to life,
reassembled, and flew to join themselves to their respective head that Abraham still held in his
hand. Koran.
ABRAHAM AND HIS “FATHER” PART COMPANY:
Now Azar was among those who refused to accept Allah as his Lord. Abraham asked him why
he was so devoted to the idols but Azar could offer no better reply than to say that many
people before him had worshipped them, and what was good enough for them was good
enough for him also. Azar became upset and embarrassed by his nephew’s preaching and
threatened to stone him if he persisted. Such was Abraham’s conviction that he did not stop
preaching and after a while, Azar realized that his threats were of no use so he told his
nephew he did not wish to see him again for sometime. As they parted company, tender-
hearted Abraham told Azar he would ask Allah to forgive him, and that perhaps his Lord would
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