The Merkel Cell [electronic resource] : Structure-Development-Function-Cancerogenesis

252 Pages·2003·24.9 MB·English

by  Baumann, Klaus I

Klaus I. Baumann • Zdenek Halata • Ingrid Moll (Eds.)
The Merkel Cell/Structure-Development-Function-Cancerogenesis
Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg GmbH
K. I. Baumann • Z. Halata • I. Moll (Eds.)
The Merkel Cell
Structure-Development-Function
Cancerogenesis
With 94 Figures, 23 in Color, and 12 Tables
Springer
Professor Dr. med. KlAus I. BAUMANN
Professor Dr. med. ZDENEK HALATA
Institute of Functional Morphology
Professor Dr. med. INGRID MoLL
Department of Dermatology and Venerology
University of Hamburg
UKE, Martinistrasse 52
20246 Hamburg
Germany
Proceedings of the International Merkel Cell Symposium, Hamburg 2002
ISBN 978-3-642-05574-4
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
International Merkel Cell Symposium (4th: 2002 Hamburg, Germany)
The Merkel Cell : structure development, function cancerogenesis I K. Baumann, Z.
Halata, I. Moll (eds.).
p.cm.
"Proceedings of the International Merkel Cell Symposium, Hamburg 2002."
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-3-642-05574-4 ISBN 978-3-662-10358-6 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-3-662-10358-6
1. Merkel cells--Congresses. 2. Merkel cell carcinoma--Congresses.!. Baumann, K.,
1945-II. Halata, Zdenek, 1939-III. Moll, 1., 1951-IV. Title.
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© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2003
Originally published by Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York in 2003
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2003
The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not
imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant pro
tective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.
Cover design: Design & Production GmbH, Heidelberg
Typesetting: Camera-ready by Klaus Baumann<
39/3150WI-54 3 2 1 0-Printed on acid-free paper
Preface
This book contains papers presented as talks or posters during the International
Merkel Cell Symposium- Hamburg 2002. Since its first description by Friedrich
Sigmund Merkel in 1875, the cell named after him has fascinated researchers from
different backgrounds throughout the world. For a very long time, this cell has
succeeded in fooling researchers and keeping many of its secrets. This has resulted
in controversies in the literature concerning the origin of Merkel cells, their func
tion in mechanoreceptors as well as the question whether different types of Merkel
cells exist.
Merkel had no doubt that these cells were involved in the perception of touch.
This notion was confirmed by the description of Haarscheiben (hair disks) by
Pinkus in 1905. With the introduction of electron microscopy in the 1960s, a new
wave of investigations into Merkel cells began. Iggo's group was the first to com
bine electron microscopy and electrophysiology, demonstrating a unique pattern
of action potentials in response to mechanical stimuli and introducing the name
slowly adapting type I (SA I) mechanoreceptor. The discovery of various neu
ropeptides in the granules of Merkel cells led in the 1970s to the assumption of
neuroendocrine functions of these cells. At about the same time, a highly malig
nant type of skin cancer with cells resembling Merkel cells was first described by
Toker's group and called Merkel cell carcinoma. These discoveries are reflected in
the widespread scientific interest in Merkel cells, ranging from anatomists, em
bryologists, neurobiologists and physiologists to clinical dermatologists. This
community of Merkel cell researchers provided a solid base for several Interna
tional Merkel Cell Symposia held so far.
The first two symposia were held in Heidelberg in 1994 and 1997, while a third
was held in Tokyo in 1999. Thus, this book gives an account of the discussions
during the Fourth International Merkel Cell Symposium. It covers the areas of
morphology, development, mechanoreceptor function and Merkel cell carcinoma
and provides the current state of knowledge and thoughts for future investigations
in these areas. Participants of this symposium and contributors to this book are
based in ten countries throughout the world. On behalf of all participants, we
would like to express our gratitude to the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft for
generous support of the symposium and this book.
It is planned to hold the Fifth International Merkel Cell Symposium again in
Hamburg in 2005 which will be chaired by Ingrid Moll. We expect most partici
pants of this symposium to return to Hamburg in 2005, and also hope to see many
new faces in the growing scientific community interested in Merkel cells.
Hamburg, 2003 Klaus I. Baumann, Zdenek Halata, Ingrid Moll
VI Preface
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Contents
Morphology
Merkel Cell-Nerve Endings Functioning as Mechanoreceptors in Vertebrates
Z. Halata, K. Baumann and M. Grim 3
Three Dimensional Microanatomy of Merkel Cells
H. Takahashi-Igawanaga 7
Staining of Living Merkel Cells with FM Dyes
J. Fukuda, Y. Masaki and H. Ishimine 13
Distribution of Merkel Cells in Normal Skin and Mucosae in Dogs
A. Espinosa de los Monteros, F. Rodriguez, J. Martin de las Mulas,
A. Lara and G.A. Ramirez 19
Merkel Cells in Transplanted Flaps
M. Vesper, P. Houdek and I. Moll 25
Merkel Cells in Malassez Epithelium
0. Tadokoro, K. Inoue, T. Maeda, Y. Kozawa, I. H. Kvinnsland
and V. V. Radunovic 29
Morphological Changes in Merkel Cells of Mucosa Underlying Dentures
K. Ishizaki, M. Tazaki, T. Inoue, M. Shimono and K. Sakurai 33
A Study on the Sensory System of Peri-Implant Tissue-Behavior
of Merkel Cells and Nerve Fibres
Y. Suzuki, T. Inoue, M. Tazaki, M. Shimono and T. Sato 37
Merkel Cell Nerve Endings in Sinus Hairs of Young and Aged Rats
Z. Halata and K. Sames 41
Immunohistochemical Characterization ofNormal Canine Merkel Cells
G.A. Ramirez, P. Hemiez, M. Andrada, A. Fernandez, P. Castro
and A. Espinosa de los Monteros 49
Merkel Cells in the Human Fetal and Adult Esophagus
T. Schulz, E. Michou, W. Hartschuh and P.H. Wuensch 57
VIII Contents
Cellular Localization of Prepro-Orexin and Orexin Receptors
(OXlR and OX2R) in Merkel Cells
A. Beiras Fernandez, M. Blanco, T. Garcia-Caballero, R. Gallego,
C. Dieguez and A. Beiras 65
Possible Functional Significance of Spatial Relationship Between
Merkel Cells and Langerhans Cells in Human Hair Follicles
Y. Narisawa 71
Neurobiology of the Murine Pelage Hair Follicle
E.M.J. Peters, V.A. Botchkarev, I. Moll, P. Arck and R. Paus 79
Development
Mammalian Merkel Cells Are Neural Crest Derivatives
M. Sieber-Blum, V. Szeder, M. Grim and Z. Halata 89
Merkel Cells Are Postmitotic Cells of Neural Crest Origin
M. Grim, Z. Halata, V. Szeder and M. Sieber-Blum 97
Dissociation, Quantification and Culture ofNormal Human Merkel Cells Among
Epidermal Cell Populations Derived from Glabrous and Hairy Skin Sites
J. Fradette, D. Larouche, C. Fugere, R. Guignard, A. Beauparlant,
V. Couture, L. Caouette-Laberge, A. Roy and L. Germain 105
Growth ofNerve Fibers to Merkel Cells Observed in Co-Culture of
Sensory Ganglia and Sinus Hair Follicles
J. Fukuda, H. Ishimine, K. Keino-Masu andY. Masaki 113
Merkel Cell Development is Independent ofLl Adhesion Molecule
D. Magnani, S. Kief, J.M. Brandner, U. Bartsch,
M. Schachner and I. Moll 121
Merkel Cell Mechanoreceptors
The Functional Significance of the Vibrissa! System ofMarine Mammals
G. Dehnhardt, B. Mauck and H. Hyvarinen 127
Confocal Microscopic Analysis of Full Merkel Cell Innervation in Cat
Mystacial Vibrissa Follicles
S. Ebara, K. Kumamoto and F. L. Rice 137
Contents IX
Voltage Dependent Calcium Channels in Merkel Cells of Hamster Oral Mucosa
M. Tazaki, Y. Tazaki, T. Inoue and M. Shimono 143
Localization of Signal Transduction Proteins in the Merkel Cell Axon Complex
T. Tachibana and T. Nawa 147
Are Glutamate Receptors Involved in Transmission at the Junction Between
Merkel Cell and Nerve Terminal?
P.M.B. Cahusac 155
Glutamate Receptor-Like Immunoreactivity in Rat Vibrissa! Merkel Cells
S.S. Senok, P.G. Genever, P.M.B. Cahusac and K.I. Baumann 163
Transduction in Merkel Cell Mechanoreceptors-What Is the Job of the
Merkel Cell?
K.I. Baumann and S.S. Senok 169
Merkel Cell Carcinoma
Merkel Cell Carcinoma - A Short Review
I. Moll and R. Moll 179
Histochemistry of Glycoconjugates in Merkel Cell Carcinomas
K. Sames, U. Schumacher, R. Moll, I. Moll, Z. Halata, B. Asmus,
E.J.M. van Damme and W.J. Peumans 187
Gene Expression Profiling Reveals Two Distinct Subtypes
of Merkel Cell Carcinoma
M. van Gele, G. Boyle, A. L. Cook, T. Boonefaes, P. Rotiers,
N. van Roy, A. De Paepe, P. Parsons, J. H. Leonard and F. Speleman 195
Expression of Developmentally Regulated Transcription Factors in
Merkel Cell Carcinoma
J. H. Leonard, A.L. Cook, M. van Gele, F. Speleman and R.A. Sturm 203
Expression Patterns of Connexins in Merkel Cell Carcinoma and
Adjacent Epidermis
N. K. Haass, P. Houdek, J. M. Brandner and I. Moll 219
Expression Patterns of Tight Junction Proteins in Merkel Cell Carcinoma
N. K. Haass, P. Houdek, E. Wladykowski, I. Moll and J. M. Brandner 223