The Mennonites of America HENRY C. SMITH, A. M., Ph. D. (Chicago) Professor of History in Goshen College Published by the Author 1909 A MennonitePublishingHouse , SCOTTDALE PENNA. U^'J Copyright 1909 By C. HENRY SMITH Mennonite Publishing House Press, Scottdale, Pa. To the memory of my FATHER Formanyyears a bishop in the church and my MOTHER This volume is affectionately Dedicated. TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter Page Introduction 13 I The Anabaptists 16 II Menno Simons and the Mennonites of Europe S3 III Cornelisz Pieter Plockhoy and the Men- nonite Colony on the Delaware 81 . . IV Germantown 94 V The Pequea Colony 134 VI Franconia 183 VII Expansion of the Pequea Colony before 1800 -. 192 VIII The Amish 208 IX During the Revolution 253 X The Mennonites of Ontario 265 XI The Mennonites During the Nineteenth Century 275 1. Settlements in Ohio, Illinois, Indi- ana and the Western States 2. Schisms. 3. The Civil War. XII The Immigration from Russia 324 XIII The General Conference of Mennonites 343 TABLE OF CONTENTS 10 XIV The Mennonites and the State .... 353 XV Principles, Customs and Culture 386 . . . XVI Literature and Hymnology 409 XVII The Present 446 XVIII Bibliography 456 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Germantown Church Dirck Keyser House Thones Kunders House Old Bench and Table Rohrerstown Church Doylestown Church Plot of Ground Christ Herr House Brick Graveyard Pequea Creek Conestoga Wagon Skippack Meeting House Franconia Graveyard Bank Church Weaver Church Kinzer Church Partridge Church Bethel College Schrock Barn Old Amish Homestead Landisville Log Church Boehm Chapel How They Went to Church Goshen College Bluffton College John F. Funk Coffman J. S. H. Oberholtzer J. Joseph Stuckey I^SHt..