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the meditations of the emperor marcus aurelius antoninus PDF

248 Pages·2008·0.93 MB·English
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the meditations of the emperor marcus aurelius antoninus natural law and enlightenment classics KnudHaakonssen GeneralEditor FrancisHutcheson uuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuu i i i i i i i i natural law and i i enlightenment classics i i i i i i i i i The Meditations i i i i of the Emperor i i i i i Marcus Aurelius i i i i Antoninus i i i i i i i i i i TranslatedbyFrancisHutchesonandJamesMoor i i i i EditedandwithanIntroductionbyJamesMoore i i andMichaelSilverthorne i i i i i TheCollectedWorksandCorrespondence i i of FrancisHutcheson i i i i i i i i i i i liberty fund i i i Indianapolis i i i i i i i uuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuu ThisbookispublishedbyLibertyFund,Inc.,afoundationestablished toencouragestudyof theidealof asocietyof freeandresponsibleindividuals. Thecuneiforminscriptionthatservesasourlogoandasthedesignmotif for ourendpapersistheearliest-knownwrittenappearanceof theword “freedom”(amagi),or“liberty.”Itistakenfromaclaydocumentwritten about2300b.c.intheSumeriancity-stateof Lagash. Introduction,annotations,index(cid:1)2008byLibertyFund,Inc. Allrightsreserved PrintedintheUnitedStatesof America c 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 p 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Frontispiece:Detailof aportraitof FrancisHutchesonbyAllanRamsay (ca.1740–45),oiloncanvas.ReproducedcourtesyoftheHunterianArt Gallery,UniversityofGlasgow. Libraryof CongressCataloging-in-PublicationData MarcusAurelius,EmperorofRome,121–180. [Meditations.English] ThemeditationsoftheEmperorMarcusAureliusAntoninus/ translatedbyFrancisHutchesonandJamesMoor; editedandwithanintroductionbyJamesMooreandMichaelSilverthorne. p.cm.—(Naturallawandenlightenmentclassics) (ThecollectedworksandcorrespondenceofFrancisHutcheson) Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex. isbn978-0-86597-510-1(hardcover:alk.paper) isbn978-0-86597-511-8(pbk.:alk.paper) 1. Ethics—Earlyworksto1800. 2. Conductoflife—Earlyworksto1800. I. Moore,James,1934– II. Silverthorne,Michael. III. Title. b580.h88m37132008 188—dc22 2007037857 liberty fund, inc. 8335AllisonPointeTrail,Suite300 Indianapolis,Indiana46250-1684 contents Introduction ix ANoteontheText xxxi Acknowledgments xxxiii the meditations of the emperor marcus aurelius antoninus 1 Endnotes 165 Bibliography 193 Index 203 introduction OnMay31,1742,FrancisHutchesoninGlasgowsenttoThomasDrennan inBelfastsomecopiesof TheMeditationsof theEmperorMarcusAurelius Antoninus.NewlytranslatedfromtheGreek: WithNotes,andanAccountof hisLife(Glasgow:PrintedbyRobertFoulisandsoldbyhimattheCollege: 1742).1 The letter that accompanied the dispatch of the books contained the followingintriguingaccount: ThebearerMr.Haytakesoversomecopiesof anewtranslationof An- toninus,thegreaterhalf of whichandmore,wasmyamusementlastsum- mer,forthesakeof asingularworthysouloneFoulis;2butIdon’tletmy nameappearinit,norindeedhaveItoldittoanyherebuttheMancon- cerned.Ihopethatyou’lllikeit;therestwasdonebyaveryingeniousLad oneMoore.3PraytryyourcriticalfacultyinfindingwhatpartsIdid& whathedid.Ididnottranslatebooksinasuite,butIoneortwo,&he oneortwo.Ihopeif youlikeitthatitmaysellprettywellwithyouabout BelfastIamsureitisdoingapublickgoodtodiffusetheSentiments& if youknewFoulisyouwouldthinkhedeservedallincouragement.4 1.TheMeditationswerereprintedinGlasgowbyRobertandAndrewFoulisin1749 (2nded.),1752(3rded.),and1764(4thed.).Another“4thed.”wasprintedinDublin forRobertMainin1752. 2.RobertFoulis(1707–76)wasappointedprintertotheUniversityof Glasgowin 1743.InpartnershipwithhisbrotherAndrew,hewasresponsibleforthepublicationof manyattractiveandaccurateeditionsof classicaltexts. 3.JamesMoor(1712–79)wasappointeduniversitylibrarianoftheUniversityofGlas- gowin1742andprofessorof Greekin1746.Heeditedmanyof theclassicaltextspub- lishedbyRobertandAndrewFoulis.RobertFoulismarriedMoor’ssisterElizabethin September1742.MoorandtheFoulisbrotherswitnessedHutcheson’swillonJune30, 1746. 4.Letterof FrancisHutchesontotheReverendMr.ThomasDrennaninBelfast, Glasgow,May31,1742.MS:GlasgowUniversityLibrary,MSGen1018no.11. ix x introduction Hutcheson’sletterraisesanumberof questions:(1)WhichbooksofThe Meditations containHutcheson’stranslationsandnotesandwhichbooks shouldbeattributedtoMoor?(2)WhatconsiderationspromptedHutch- esontoundertakethistranslationandedition,apartfromhisannounced desire tobeof assistancetoRobertFoulisandtheFoulispress?(3)What mightbethesignificanceof Hutcheson’snotestothetext?Dotheymake upacoherentsetof ideasconcerninghumannature,morals,politics,and religion?Andwhatmaybetherelevanceof thesenotesforourunderstand- ing of his other writings? (4) Why was Hutcheson determined that his nameshouldnotappearinthevolumeandthatnooneinGlasgowandits environs apart from Foulis should know the identity of the persons re- sponsiblefor thetranslationandthenotes?(5)And,finally,whatwasthe significanceof Hutcheson’sadaptationof TheMeditationsfortheEnlight- enmentinScotland? 1. Hutchesonand Moor: The Divisionof Responsibility Thereisaprimafacieproblemconcerningtherespectivecontributionsof HutchesonandMoortoTheMeditations.Therearethreepiecesofexternal evidence,andtheydonotagree.ThefirstisHutcheson’slettertoDrennan, with his claimthathe had done“the greaterhalf ... andmore”;aclaim complicatedbythecircumstancethatHutchesonoriginallywrote“thefirst half andmore”andthenstruckthrough“first”andsubstituted“greater.” Clearly Hutcheson was reluctant to be specific and preferred to make a gameof itwithDrennan.Thesecondbitof evidenceisfoundinTheFoulis Catalogueof Books (Glasgow,1777),whereitisreportedthatthefirsttwo bookswerebyJamesMoorandtheremainderbyHutcheson.5Thisrecord of the matter has been accepted by many later scholars.6 Ithasthemerit of consistency with Hutcheson’s claim that he had done “one or two books,” and Moor, “one or two”; and itleavesHutchesonwithresponsi- 5.Duncan,NoticesandDocuments,49. 6.Scott,FrancisHutcheson,144;Hutcheson,OnHumanNature,176.

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The Meditations were reprinted in Glasgow by Robert and Andrew Foulis in 1749 . in 1634,8 described by Hutcheson as “the old English translation”: it “can.
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