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The Marshall Cavendish Illustrated Encyclopedia of World War I (1916-1917) PDF

350 Pages·1984·92.035 MB·English
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i I ,:;i THE MARSHALL CAVENDISH ILLUSTRATED ENCYCLOPEDIA OF WORLD VOLUME SIX 1916-17 THE MARSHALL CAVENDISH ILLUSTRATED ENCYCLOPEDIA OF WORLD Editor-in-Chief Brigadier Peter Young Editorial Board Lt.-Col. A. J. Barker; Dr. John Bradley Professor John Erickson; Lt.-Cdr. Peter Kemp John Keegan; Kenneth Macksey; S. L. Mayer Lt.-Col. Alan Sheppard; Norman Stone Revision Editor Mark Dartford Archbishop Mitty High School Media Center 5000 Mitty Way San Jose, CA 95129 MARSHALL CAVENDISH NEW YORK, LONDON, TORONTO Editorial Staff Editor Brigadier Peter Young Reference Edition Published 1984 Deputy Editor Kenneth Macksey Published by Marshall Cavendish Corporation 147 West Merrick Road Freeport, Long Island Co-ordinating Panel Lt.-Col. A. J. Barker N.Y. 11520 Dr. John Bradley Prof. John Erickson Printed and Bound in Italy by L.E.G.O. S.p.a. Vicenza. Lt.-Cdr. Peter Kemp All rights reserved. No part ofthis book may be reproduced or John Keegan utilized in any form or by any means electronic or mechanical, S. L. Mayer including photocopying, recording, or by an information storage and Lt.-Col. Alan Sheppard retrieval system, without permission from the copyright holders. Norman Stone '? MarshallCavendishLimited 1984 ; B.P.C. Publishing 1970nowaDivisionofMacdonaldandCompany Military Consultants Capt. Sir Basil Liddell-Hart (Publishers)Limited/B.P.C.C. Barrie Pitt Executive Editor Patrick Scrivenor Library ofCongressCataloging in Publication Data Assistant Editors Chris Chant Main entry under title: Carolyn Rutherford Bruce French The Marshall Cavendish encyclopediaofWorld War One. Rose Thomson Bibliography: Margaret Burnley Includes index. 1. World War, 1914-1918—Chronology. I. Marshall Design Consultants Peter Dunbar Associates Cavendish Corporation. D522.5.M39 1984 940.3 83-20879 Art Director Liam Butler ISBN0-86307-181-3 (set) 86307 187 2vol Art Editor Brigit Webb British LibraryCataloguingin Publication Data Cartographers Gatrell The Marshall Cavendish illustratedencyclopediaof World War One. Dunbar, Harison & Rees 1. World War, 1914-1918 Alan Robertson I. Young, Peter, 1915- II. Pitt, Barrie III. Dartford, Mark Technical Artist John Batchelor 940.3 D521 ISBN 0-86307-181-3 (set) Picture Director Robert Hunt 86307 187 2vol New Edition Staff Revision Editor Mark Dartford Editorial Consultants Randal Gray David Rosser-Owen Project Executive Robert Paulley Designer Trevor Vertigan Indexers F & K Gill Production Manager Dennis Hovell Production Assistant Richard Churchill Contents of Volume 6 — 1657 The Italian Front Few Gains and 1728 The Channel War Mounting Losses Paul Kennedy and Oskar Eckert Mario Torsiello 1736 Verdun: The End Home 1670 Front: Italy John Keegan Franco Valsecchi 1740 Helmets Home 1675 Front: Austria 1741 The Bombing War Z. A. B. Zeman Douglas Robinson 1680 Counterattack at Verdun 1149 Zeppelins: The Fighter Pilot's View John Keegan 1750 Britain: Lloyd George takes over — 1685 The Somme The Last Phase Professor Asa Briggs Lieutenant-Colonel John Baynes 1756 East Africa: Smuts versus Vorbeck 1696 The 'Quiet' Sector Major R. Sibley Lieutenant-Colonel Jean Delmas 1764 Gunboats on Lake Tanganyika 1101 French Home Front Lieutenant-Commander Peter Kemp Philippe Masson 1769 Blockade Runners 1713 The Collapse of Rumania Christopher Bowling Norman Stone 1780 The Kut Garrison: Hardship and 1725 Operation Arson Starvation Terence Wise Colonel W. C. Spackman 1785 Turkey in Decline David Walder 1792 Air Propaganda R. G. Auckland 1798 Peace Initiatives Marvin Swartz 1802 TheU-BoatWar Gaddis Smith 1812 Mexico: The Comic Opera War Colonel Clarence C. Clendenen 1825 The Death of Franz Josef—The End of an Empire Dr J. F. N. Bradley 1828 Poland—A Foot in Both Camps Kam Dziewanowski il "^ I 1836 The Rendezvous with Death 1914 Rasputin: Madman or Miracle Ronald Lewin Worker? 1844 Trench Raiding Colin Wilson Charles Messenger 1922 Western Front Winter 1916/1917 1853 Across the Sinai John Keegan Major W. F. Woodhouse 1924 Winter on the Eastern Front 1860 Aircraft: Higher, Faster, Lighter Eugene Hinterhoff D. B. Tubbs 1937 Revolution in Russia 1871 1917: A New Year—New Plans Dr Lionel Kochan Major-General Anthony Farrar- 1948 Decline of the Tsarist Army Hockley Geoffrey Jukes 1877 Belgium: Life under German 1958 War or Peace: The New Russia's Occupation Vital Decision Jacques Willequet S. L. Mayer 1881 Mesopotamia: Maude Takes Over 1963 Three Revolutionaries: Kerensky, Lieutenant-Colonel A. J. Barker Trotsky, Lenin 1890 Maude's Offensive Dr J. F. N. Bradley Major W. F. Woodhouse 1965 Towards Baghdad 1900 Sixtus, Prince of Peace Lieutenant-Colonel A. J. Barker Marvin Swartz 1974 The Fall of Baghdad 1906 Events in North-West Persia Leslie Missen Major D. G. Clark 1986 Into Palestine: The First Battle of Gaza 1909 The Dismissal of Joffre Brigadier John Stephenson Major C. A. Kinvig 1991 Kressenstein and Murray 12880 1916 AUG 27 Romaniaenters the war. 28 Germany declares war on Romania. Romania declares war on Austria-Hungary. Italy declares war on Germany. SEPT 1 Mackensen's Danube army invades Romania. Bulgaria declares war on Romania. 15 British use tanks at the Somme. 20 Austro-Germans halt Russian advance. Russians and Romanians halt Germans. OCT 24 Fort Douaumont recaptured. NOV 18 Battle ofthe Somme ends. DEC 6 Germans capture Bucharest and Ploesti oilfields. 12 Joffre replaced by Nivelle. 18 Battle ofVerdun ends. 21 British take El Arish. 1917 JAN 31 British rail and water lines to Rafah complete. Germans announce unrestricted submarine warfare from February 1. FEB 24 British retake Kut. MAR 11 British occupy Baghdad. 12 Russian revolution begins, Czar resigns. 26 1st Battle ofGaza. APR 6 U.S. declares war on Germany. 9 Battle ofArras. Vimy Ridge taken. 16 2nd Battle ofthe Aisne, Nivelle offensive. 17 2nd Battle ofGaza. 29 Mutinies among French Army. MAY 15 Petain replaces Nivelle as French Commander-in- Chief. JUN Allenby takes command ofthe British forces in Palestine. 7 Battle ofMessines Ridge. 22 King Constantine ofGreece abdicates. Venizelos takes over. 25 1st American soldiers reach France.

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