The Man Who Painted the Universe tHe story oF a in tHe Heart oF tHe ron leGro & aVi lanK Wisconsin Historical society Press Published by the Wisconsin Historical Society Press Publishers since 1855 © 2015 by Ron Legro and Avrum Lank For permission to reuse material from The Man Who Painted the Universe (978-0-87020-711-2; e-book ISBN: 978-0-87020-712-9), please access www.copyright.com or contact the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc. (CCC), 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, 978-750-8400. CCC is a not-for- profit organization that provides licenses and registration for a variety of users. All photographs are from the collection of Frank A. Kovac Jr. unless otherwise credited. Photographs identified with WHi or WHS are from the Society’s collections; address requests to reproduce these photos to the Visual Materials Archivist at the Wisconsin Historical Society, 816 State Street, Madison, WI 53706. Front cover: Shutterstock; back cover: photograph by Dean Acheson Printed in Wisconsin, USA Cover design by Anders Hanson, Mighty Media Interior design and typesetting by Integrated Composition Systems, Spokane, Washington 19 18 17 16 15 1 2 3 4 5 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Legro, Ron. The man who painted the universe : the story of a planetarium in the heart of the north woods / Ron Legro & Avi Lank. pages cm Summary: The story of Frank Kovac, who built a planetarium in the woods of Wisconsin Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 978-0-87020-711-2 (hardcover : alk. paper) — ISBN 978-0-87020-712-9 (e-book) 1. Kovac, Frank, 1965– 2. Astronomers—Wisconsin— Biography. 3. Astronomy. 4. Planetariums. I. Lank, Avi. II. Title. III. Title: Planetarium in the north woods. QB36.K685L44 2015 520.92—dc23 [B] 2014039426 ∞ The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of the American National Standard for Information Sciences—Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48–1992. to Michele and Dannette y a nl Fi y s et B y Frank Kovac’s World b p a M ConTents Prologue: Dream Descending f ix 1 Billions and Billions f 1 2 From Hungary to the stars f 12 3 off He Goes, into the Wild Blue yonder f 24 4 of Hodags and Poniatowski f 28 5 the Mud creek observatory f 39 6 oh, cloudy night f 46 7 spinning the skies f 52 8 all Fall Down f 59 y nla 9 the Weight of the World f 65 Fi etsy 10 Mettle on Metal f 76 B by 11 the Michelangelo of the north Woods f 87 p a M 12 a soul Proprietorship f 94 13 to the Painted Universe and Beyond f 100 epilogue: after the Universe, What? f 107 acknowledgments f 111 a note on sources f 115 f¥ Prologue e Dream descending i dream things that never were; and i say “Why not?” —George Bernard shaw, Back to Methuselah On a near-freezing March evening in 2001, Frank A. Kovac Jr.’s dream came crashing down around him, all 3,500 pounds of it. The dream was a hollow wooden globe twenty-two feet in diameter, and it had just become a deadly object. Working mostly alone inside his makeshift construction shed in tiny Monico, Wisconsin, Frank had spent four years of hard work fashioning this globe. He was pursuing an ultimate goal: building a working planetarium in the unlikely environs of Wisconsin’s secluded North Woods. With great care that night, he had winched the globe off the floor and onto what was supposed to be its permanent home, a thick wooden base ring, inclined and rigged with wheels, which would let him rotate his planetarium—a unique structure, as far as he knew. Frank was inspecting his handiwork close to the ring when, with a creaking noise, the globe began to sway. “Uh- oh, here it goes,” Frank recalls thinking. And then, ruefully, “Well, that was a mistake.” Reacting quickly, he ran to the center of the floor under- neath the globe, as far away from its inner surface as he could get. Frank crouched as the globe slid off the angled ring and hit the floor. Years later, he remembers how it sounded: “There ix