RT THE MAKING osH emE OF THE MODERN a rM ie SA GULF STATES aK id I ZN a hG la n O Kuwait, Bahrain, Qatar, F the United Arab Emirates and Oman T H E M Rosemarie Said Zahlan O D E R N G U L F S T A T E S ROUTLEDGE LIBRARY EDITIONS: THE GULF ISBN 978-1-138-18182-3 ,!7IB1D8-bibicd! www.routledge.com(cid:15)aninformabusiness ROUTLEDGE LIBRARY EDITIONS: THE GULF Volume 10 THE MAKING OF THE MODERN GULF STATES Page Intentionally Left Blank THE MAKING OF THE MODERN GULF STATES Kuwait, Bahrain, Qatar, the United Arab Emirates and Oman ROSEMARIE SAID ZAHLAN Firstpublishedin1989byUnwinHymanLtd Thiseditionfirstpublishedin2016 byRoutledge 2ParkSquare,MiltonPark,Abingdon,OxonOX144RN andbyRoutledge 711ThirdAvenue,NewYork,NY10017 RoutledgeisanimprintoftheTaylor&FrancisGroup,aninformabusiness ©1989RosemarieSaidZahlan Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthisbookmaybereprintedorreproducedorutilised inanyformorbyanyelectronic,mechanical,orothermeans,nowknownor hereafterinvented,includingphotocopyingandrecording,orinanyinformation storageorretrievalsystem,withoutpermissioninwritingfromthepublishers. Trademarknotice:Productorcorporatenamesmaybetrademarksorregistered trademarks,andareusedonlyforidentificationandexplanationwithoutintentto infringe. BritishLibraryCataloguinginPublicationData AcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary ISBN:978-1-138-11959-8(Set) ISBN:978-1-315-64190-4(Set)(ebk) ISBN:978-1-138-18182-3(Volume10)(hbk) ISBN:978-1-138-18415-2(Volume10)(pbk) ISBN:978-1-315-64540-7(Volume10)(ebk) Publisher’sNote Thepublisherhasgonetogreatlengthstoensurethequalityofthisreprintbut pointsoutthatsomeimperfectionsintheoriginalcopiesmaybeapparent. Disclaimer Thepublisherhasmadeeveryefforttotracecopyrightholdersandwouldwelcome correspondencefromthosetheyhavebeenunabletotrace. THE MAKING OF THE MODERN GULF STATES: KUWAIT, BAHRAIN, QATAR, THE UNITED ARAB EMIRATES AND OMAN Rosemarie Said Zahlan LONDON UNWIN HYMAN BOSTON SYDNEY WELLINGTON © Rosemarie Said Zahlan 1989 This book is copyright under the Berne Convention. No reproduction without permission. All rights reserved. Published by the Academic Division of Unwin Hyman Ltd 15/17 Broadwick Street, London Wl V lFP, UK Unwin Hyman Inc., 8 Winchester Place, Winchester, Mass. 01890, USA Allen & Unwin (Australia) Ltd, 8 Napier Street, North Sydney, NSW 2060, Australia Allen & Unwin (New Zealand) Ltd in association with the Port Nicholson Press Ltd, 60 Cambridge Terrace, Wellington, New Zealand First published in 1989 British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Zahlan, Rosemarie Said The making of the modern Gulf States: Kuwait, Bahrain, Qatar, the United Arab Emirates and Oman. I. Arabia. Gulf States, 1926-- I. Title 953'.605 ISBN 0-04-445293-4 Printed in Great Britain by Billing and Sons Ltd, London and Worcester Contents Introduction vn 1 The Gulf in History 1 2 The Emergence of the Gulf States 12 3 Representative Government in Kuwait 24 4 Political Developments in Bahrain 46 5 The Political Order 67 6 The Ruling Families of Kuwait, Bahrain and Qatar 79 7 The Ruling Families of the United Arab Emirates 90 8 The Ruling Family of Oman 106 9 Saudi Arabia, the Powerful Neighbour 116 10 The International Setting 135 Appendix: The Ministers of the Gulf States 164 Index 171 A ih • ID leD N gn I i ) t ~ I ~ te ) , ..... (~/ / S -...,/. \ NAT ,--1~ J( )---s r NA f-1/, ( ' t""l-- I .... ~ lanoigeR r ,, ) SINAHGFA ; 1 \ I...., ~ r '-- ! / .-----\' ....... ~\ LTSIKAP )"'J r NAECO NAID ieht ni setatS fl N u I G e h narheT • NARI ~ATSE I '='r- \.E.A.U .... t,..,--- 1 \ I I S /......_ .,~-...,. r o \ \C T ,.\ I s r "-.. / ./ dal~hgaB /~ )) .....(-...,. ...,._...l.~',r, ,-' I ~ \ ,..J. r nammAeZUHK : ) QARI ,,' .... .__ \ .\arsaB 1' NADROj 1 • 1'-, _I r ~ l ~ r .... ~AWUK IDUAS AIBARA IL\ · :HK L\; BUR------/ ...--·1 S'ELPOEP /" ...-' J ana~ITARCOMED /} CILBUPER / BARA ?'CILBUP'!~ NEMEY FO NEMEY FO ~--v~ c I ' ~ t . l"'"t~ <-~ ' ~') The Gulf States IRAQ I KHUZESTAN l ~·:l.J;,. .~ ~.. .... ~"¢ Hasrae ~~..;... /,-,, ~ ,'Jahra IRAN __ ... ..K/. UWKAuwITa it !...--- .. Rivadh SAUDI ARABIA OMAN