The making of Italian fascism : the seizure of power, 1919-1922

354 Pages·1995·10.604 MB·English

by  Dahlia Sabina Elazar

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The making of Italian Fascism: The seizure of power, 1019-1922
Elazar, Dahlia Sabina, Ph.D.
University of California, Los Angeles, 1993
Copyright ©1993 by Elasar, Dahlia Sabina. All rights reserved.
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UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA
Los Angeles
The Making of Italian Fascism:
The Seizure of Power, 1919-1922
A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the
requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy
in Sociology
by
Dahlia Sabina Elazar
1993
® Copyright by
Dahlia Sabina Elazar
1993
The dissertation of Dahlia Sabina Elazar is approved.
'VTH C .
JeMey'c! Alexander
Emanuel A. Schegloff
University of California, Los Angeles
1993
ii
For my husband, Amit, and for the memory of my mother, Aliza.
Ill
CONTENTS
Acknowledgments ix
Vita xi
Abstract of the Dissertation xiii
Chapter Page
1 The Making of Italian Fascism: Overview 1
2 The Logic of Inquiry and Theories of Fascism 26
3 The Propertied Class and the Liberal State:
The Political World The Landlords Made 66
4 Post War Crisis and the Rise of the Socialists 97
5 Fascist Political Strategy, I:
The Militarization of The Political Struggle 137
6 The Question of Collusion 217
7 Fascist Political Strategy, II:
Class, State, and the Fascist Seizure of Power 250
Coda 303
iv
LIST OF TABLES
Table Page
1.1 Incidents of Violence and Fascist Takeovers in
Italy’s Provinces, by Region 22-25
3.1 Liberal Party Vote (1920), by Regional Relations of
Productions in Italy’s Provinces (%) 95
4.1 Increase in Number of Strikes and Striking Workers
In Post World War I Italy, 1918-1920 102
4.2 PSI Vote (1920), by Regional Relations of Productions
in Italy’s Provinces (%) 119
4.3 PSI Vote (1920), by the Concentration of Industrial
Workers (1921) in Italy’s Provinces (%) 121
4.4 PSI Vote (1920), by the Concentration of
Agricultural Workers (1921), and by Region, in
Italy’s Provinces (%) 122
4.5 PSI Vote (1920), by Voter Turnout (1920), in
Italy’s Provinces (%) 125
4.6 Direct Effects of the Concentration of Industrial
Workers (1921), and Voter Turnout (1920), in
Italy’s Provinces 127
v