The Making of Contemporary Indian Philosophy: Krishnachandra Bhattacharyya (Routledge Hindu Studies Series) PDF
Preview The Making of Contemporary Indian Philosophy: Krishnachandra Bhattacharyya (Routledge Hindu Studies Series)
The Making of Contemporary Indian Philosophy This book engages in a dialogue with Krishnachandra Bhattacharyya (K.C. Bhattacharyya, KCB, 1875–1949) and opens a vista to contemporary Indian philosophy. KCB is one of the founding fathers of contemporary Indian philosophy, a distinct genre of philosophy that draws both on classical Indian philosophical sources and on Western materials, old and new. His work offers both a new and different reading of classical Indian texts, and a unique commentary of Kant and Hegel. The book (re)introduces KCB’s philosophy, identifies the novelty of his thinking, and highlights different dimensions of his oeuvre, with special emphasis on freedom as a concept and striving, extending from the metaphysical to the political or the postcolonial. Our contributors aim to decipher KCB’s distinct vocabulary (demand, feeling, alternation). They revisit his discussion of Rasa aesthetics, spotlight the place of the body in his phenomenological inquiry toward “the subject as freedom”, situate him between classics (Abhinavagupta) and thinkers inspired by his thought (Daya Krishna), and discuss his lectures on Sāṃkhya and Yoga rather than projecting KCB as usual solely as a Vedānta scholar. Finally, the contributors seek to clarify if and how KCB’s philosophical work is relevant to the discourse today, from the problem of other minds to freedoms in the social and political spheres. This book will be of interest to academics studying Indian and comparative philosophy, philosophy of language and mind, phenomenology without borders, and political and postcolonial philosophy. Daniel Raveh is Professor of Philosophy at Tel Aviv University, Israel. His publications include Exploring the Yogasūtra (2012), Sūtras, Stories and Yoga Philosophy (Routledge 2016), and Daya Krishna and Twentieth-Century Indian Philosophy (2020). Elise Coquereau-Saouma is a research affiliate at Jawaharlal Nehru University, India, and Erwin Schrödinger Post-Doctoral Fellow (Austrian Science Fund). Her books Intercultural Dialogues: Conceptions, Divergences and the Limits and Creativity of Knowledge and Intercultural Dialogues: Thinking with Daya Krishna are forthcoming with Routledge. Routledge Hindu Studies Series Series Editor: Gavin Flood, Oxford Centre for Hindu Studies The Routledge Hindu Studies Series, in association with the Oxford Centre for Hindu Studies, intends the publication of constructive Hindu theological, philo- sophical and ethical projects aimed at bringing Hindu traditions into dialogue with contemporary trends in scholarship and contemporary society. The series invites original, high quality, research level work on religion, culture and society of Hin- dus living in India and abroad. Proposals for annotated translations of important primary sources and studies in the history of the Hindu religious traditions will also be considered. Politics and Religion in Eighteenth-Century India Jaisingh Ii and the Rise of Public Theology in Gauḍīya Vaiṣṇavism Sachi Patel Hindu-Christian Dual Belonging Edited By Daniel Soars and Nadya Pohran Goddess Traditions in India Theological Poems and Philosophical Tales in the Tripurārahasya Silvia Schwarz Linder The Making of Contemporary Indian Philosophy: Krishnachandra Bhattacharyya Edited By Daniel Raveh and Elise Coquereau-Saouma For more information about this series, please visit: www.routledge.com/Routledge- Hindu-Studies-Series/book-series/RHSS The Making of Contemporary Indian Philosophy Krishnachandra Bhattacharyya Edited by Daniel Raveh and Elise Coquereau-Saouma First published 2023 by Routledge 4 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN and by Routledge 605 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10158 Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business © 2023 selection and editorial matter, Daniel Raveh and Elise Coquereau- Saouma; individual chapters, the contributors The right of Daniel Raveh and Elise Coquereau-Saouma to be identified as the authors of the editorial material, and of the authors for their individual chapters, has been asserted in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Raveh, Daniel, editor. | Coquereau-Saouma, Elise, editor. Title: The making of contemporary Indian philosophy : Krishnachandra Bhattacharyya / edited by Daniel Raveh, Elise Coquereau-Saouma. Description: Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2023. | Series: Routledge Hindu studies series | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2022028694 (print) | LCCN 2022028695 (ebook) | ISBN 9780367709815 (hardback) | ISBN 9780367720704 (paperback) | ISBN 9781003153320 (ebook) Subjects: LCSH: Bhattacharyya, Krishnachandra, 1875–1949. | Philosophy, Indic—20th century. Classification: LCC B5134.B4864 M35 2023 (print) | LCC B5134.B4864 (ebook) | DDC 181/.4—dc23/eng/20221107 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2022028694 LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2022028695 ISBN: 978-0-367-70981-5 (hbk) ISBN: 978-0-367-72070-4 (pbk) ISBN: 978-1-003-15332-0 (ebk) DOI: 10.4324/9781003153320 Typeset in Times New Roman by Apex CoVantage, LLC Contents List of Contributors viii Acknowledgments xii Entrée 1 Introduction 3 DANIEL RAVEH K.C. Bhattacharyya: A Philosophical Overview 38 DAYA KRISHNA Lexicography 45 1 The Concept of Demand: Krishnachandra Bhattacharyya’s Key to Spiritual Progress 47 ELISE COQUEREAU-SAOUMA 2 Feeling and Factuality: K.C. Bhattacharyya’s Reflections on Śaṅkara’s Doctrine of Māyā 64 NIR FEINBERG 3 Vocabularies of the Heart: Reflecting on Hr̥dayasaṃvāda and Sahr̥daya in Light of K.C. Bhattacharyya’s New Commentary on Rasa 77 DOR MILLER vi Contents Philosophical Junctions 95 4 Three Absolutes and Four Types of Negation: Integrating Krishnachandra Bhattacharyya’s Insights? 97 STEPHEN KAPLAN 5 “Felt” Body and the “Interiority” of Space in the Thought of Krishnachandra Bhattacharyya 111 KALYANKUMAR BAGCHI 6 Up Down Backward on the Stairs of the Self: From Bodily to Spiritual Subjectivity 119 ARINDAM CHAKRABARTI 7 Between Abhinavagupta and Daya Krishna: Krishna Chandra Bhattacharyya on the Problem of Other Minds 137 NALINI BHUSHAN AND JAY L. GARFIELD Sāṃkhya and Yoga 149 8 K.C. Bhattacharyya and Spontaneous Liberation in Sāṃkhya 151 DIMITRY SHEVCHENKO 9 Bhattacharyya-Vṛtti: K.C. Bhattacharyya’s Commentary on the Yogasūtra 167 DANIEL RAVEH Debating Freedom 191 10 Three Moods in Krishna Chandra Bhattacharyya 193 A. RAGHURAMARAJU 11 The Concept of Freedom and Krishna Chandra Bhattacharyya 209 D.P. CHATTOPADHYAYA Contents vii 12 The Problem of Freedom and the Phantasmagoria of Swaraj: Reflections on a Necessary Illusion 235 MURZBAN JAL Index 252 Contributors Kalyankumar Bagchi is Professor Emeritus of Philosophy, Visva-Bharati Uni- versity, Shantiniketan. He is the author of Meta-language and Transcendental Idealism (1972), Descriptive Metaphysics and Phenomenology (1980), and Semantics and Phenomenology of I: K.C. Bhattacharyya’s Philosophy of the Subject (2012) and of numerous articles on Kant, phenomenology (in particu- lar Husserlian), and the philosophy of K.C. Bhattacharyya. Nalini Bhushan is the Andrew W. Mellon Professor in the Humanities, Profes- sor of Philosophy, and Director of South Asian Studies at Smith College. She is the co-author (with Jay L. Garfield) of Indian Philosophy in English: From Renaissance to Independence (2011) and Minds without Fear: Philosophy in the Indian Renaissance (2017). Most recently, she has written on art and eth- ics in twentieth- and twenty-first-century India for The Oxford Handbook of Ethics and Art (co-authored with poet Arvind Mehrotra), on M.K. Gandhi’s distinctive pluralism (as a tribute to Margaret Chatterjee), and on Amrita Sher- Gil’s aesthetic integrity. She teaches courses on aesthetics, Nietzsche, Indian philosophy, and cosmopolitanism. Arindam Chakrabarti is the Lenney Distinguished Professor of Philosophy, University of Hawai’i at Mānoa. His latest publications include Mahābhārata Now: Narrative, Aesthetics, Ethics (editor, with Sibaji Bandyopadhyaya, 2013), Engaged Emancipation: New Essays on the Yogavāsiṣtha (editor, with Chris- topher Chapple, 2014), Comparative Philosophy without Borders (editor, with Ralph Weber, 2015), The Bloomsbury Research Handbook of Indian Aesthetics and Philosophy of Art (editor, 2016), and Realisms Interlinked: Objects, Sub- jects and Other Subjects (2019). Besides his numerous publications in English, Chakrabarti is also the author of six monographs in Bengali and of a singular book in Sanskrit on contemporary Western theories of Knowledge (2004). D.P. Chattopadhyaya (1931–2022) was Professor of Philosophy at Jadavpur Uni- versity, Kolkata. He was the founding chairman of the Indian Council of Philo- sophical Research and of the Centre for Studies in Civilizations (CSC), Delhi. He was the General Editor of the Project of History of Indian Science, Phi- losophy and Culture (PHISPC). His numerous authored, edited, and co-edited Contributors ix publications include Sri Aurobindo and Karl Marx (1988), Phenomenology and Indian Philosophy (1992), Cultures and Ideologies (2000), Interdiscipli- nary Studies in Science, Society, Value and Civilizational Dialogue (2002), Philosophy of Science, Phenomenology and Other Essays (2003), Religion, Philosophy and Science (2006), and Love, Life and Death (2010). A Rājarṣi, D.P. Chattopadhyaya also served as India’s Union Minister for Commerce and as the Governor of Rajasthan. Elise Coquereau-Saouma is currently the recipient of the Erwin Schrödinger Fellowship (Project J4516), funded by the Austrian Science Fund and hosted by Jawaharlal Nehru University, Smith College, and the University of Vienna, on “The Selves in the World: Humanism and Anthropocentrism in Contempo- rary Indian Philosophy”. She is the co-editor of a special issue of Sophia titled “The Challenge of Postcolonial Philosophy in India: Too Alien for Contem- porary Philosophers, Too Modern for Sanskritists?” (2018) and author of two forthcoming monographs, Intercultural Dialogues: Conceptions, Divergences and Limits and Creativity of Knowledge and Intercultural Dialogues: Thinking with Daya Krishna (Routledge). Daya Krishna (1924–2007) was Professor of Philosophy at the University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, and Editor of the Journal of Indian Council of Philosophical Research from 1990 until 2007. Known for his questioning approach, Daya Krishna is the author, editor, and co-editor of numerous publications, includ- ing The Nature of Philosophy (1955), The Art of the Conceptual (1989), Indian Philosophy: A Counter Perspective (1991), Saṃvād: A Dialogue between Two Philosophical Traditions (1991), The Problematic and Conceptual Structure of Classical Indian Thought about Man, Society and Polity (1996), Indian Phi- losophy: A New Approach (1997), Bhakti: A Contemporary Discussion – Phil- osophical Explorations in the Indian Bhakti Tradition (2000), Developments in Indian Philosophy from the Eighteenth Century Onwards: Classical and Western (2002), and Civilizations: Nostalgia and Utopia (2012). Nir Feinberg is a Ph.D. candidate in the Group in Buddhist Studies at UC Berke- ley. He works primarily in the area of Indian philosophy, but he is also currently engaged in research projects in the areas of Sanskrit literature, continental phi- losophy, and Buddhist aesthetics. His Ph.D. research explores the concept of emotion in early Buddhist canonical texts. Jay L. Garfield is Doris Silbert Professor in the Humanities, Professor of Philos- ophy, and Director of the Logic and Buddhist Studies Programs and of the Five College Tibetan Studies in India Program at Smith College. He is also Visit- ing Professor of Buddhist Philosophy at Harvard Divinity School, Professor of Philosophy at Melbourne University, and Adjunct Professor of Philosophy, Central University of Tibetan Studies. Among his numerous publications, Gar- field is co-author (with Nalini Bhushan) of Indian Philosophy in English: From Renaissance to Independence (2011) and Minds without Fear: Philosophy in the Indian Renaissance (2017). His most recent books include Getting over
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