The Longman Companion to the Conservative Party: Since 1830 (Longman Companions To History)

347 Pages·2001·12.462 MB·English

by  Nick Crowson

THE LONGMAN COMPANION TO
THE CONSERVATIVE
SIN CE 1830
PAR1Y
LONGMAN COMPANIONS 10 HISIORY
General Editors: Chris Cook andJohn Stevenson
The following Companions to History are now available:
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The Tudor Age Imperial Russia, 1695-1917
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The Stuart Age, 1603-1714 Napoleonic Europe
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Britain in theE ighteenth Century, Britain in the Nineteenth Century,
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European Decolonisation Russia since 1914
Muriel E. Chamberlain Martin McCauley
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America, Russia and the Cold War,
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Britain since 1945
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THE LONGMAN COMPANION TO
THE CONSERVATIVE
PAR1Y SINCE 1830
N.]. Crowson
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LONDON AND NEW YORK
First published 2001 by
Pearson Education Limited
Published 2013 by Routledge
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For Clemenúne Emily Crowson
Born 13 November 1999
Acknowledgements
must thank Stuart Ball for reading the chapter on organisaúon. This form of
1
compendium could not have be en written without the efforts of countless his­
torians in the archives over the decades. Therefore graciously acknowledge
1
their labours.
The publishers are grateful to the following for permission to reproduce copy­
right material:
Table 'Scottish Parliament' and Table 'Welsh Assembly' from 20th Century
British Political Facts, 1900-2000, reprinted by permission of Macmillan Ltd
(Butler, D. and Butler, G. 2000).
While every effort has be en made to trace the owners of copyright material,
in a few cases this has proved impossible and we take this opportunity to offer
our apologies to any copyright holders whose rights we have unwitúngly
infringed.
Taylor & Francis
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CONTENTS
List ofTables IX
Part 1 1
1.1 Origins and Development 3
1.2 Leaders 5
1.3 Conservative Cabinets and Administrations 11
1.4 The Conservatives and the Electorate 37
Part 2: CHRONOLOGIES 63
2.1 Government and Opposition 1832-46 65
2.2 Opposition and Minority Government 1846-68 69
2.3 Government and Opposition 1868-85 75
2.4 Government and Opposition 1885-1906 79
2.5 Opposition 1906-15 85
2.6 Coalition, Government and Opposition 1915-31 88
2.7 National Government 1931-40 97
2.8 Coalition Government and Opposition 1940-51 102
2.9 Government 1951-64 105
2.10 Opposition and Government 1964-79 110
2.11 Government 1979-97 115
2.12 Opposition 1997-2001 125
Part 3 129
3.1 Conservative Party Organisation 131
3.2 Parliamentary Party 165
Part 4 167
4.1 Conservatives and the Regions 169
4.2 Conservatives and Ireland 178
4.3 Conservatives and Empire 185
4.4 Conservatives and Europe 192
4.5 Conservatives and Women 201
4.6 Conservatives and the Trade U nions 206
4.7 Conservatives and Social Reform 212
4.8 Conservatives, Immigration and Race 217
4.9 Conservatives and Ideology 225
4.10 Conservative Factions, Rebels and Defectors 227
VII
CONTENTS
Part 5: BIOGRAPHIES OF LEADING CONSERVATIVES 247
Part 6: GLOSSARY 271
Part 7: BIBLlOGRAPHY 295
Index 319
viii
LIST OF TABLES
Part 1:
1.2 Leaders
Leader of the party 5
The Electoral rules and colleges 7
Leadership elections 1965-97 9
1.4 The Conservatives and the Electorate
General election results 37
By-elections 1832-1997 53
Local elections 60
Part 3:
3.1 Organisation
Party Chairmen since 1911 133
Principal party organisers since 1832 134
Director-Generals since 1974 135
Chairmen of Conservative Research Department 135
Directors of Conservative Research Department 136
Party (Joint) Treasurers since 1911 137
Principal Publicity Officers since 1927 138
ChiefWhips, House ofCommons fram 1835 139
ChiefWhips, House ofLords sinc e 1870 140
Conservative Party strength in House of Lords 141
Leaders of House of Lords since 1828 141
Chairmen of 1922 Committee 143
Leaders of Conservative European Delegation 143
Chairmen of the National Union Executive Committee 145
Scottish Party Chairmen since 1950 148
Conservative Party membership 149
Numbers of constituency agents in employment 151
3.2 Parliamentary Party
Pro file of Conservative MPs 1885 -1906 165
Prafile of Conservative MPs 1945-97 165
Part 4:
4.1 Conservatives and the Regions
Conservative regional general election results (seats) 169
Conservative general election regional vote (percentage) 170
Devolution elections: Scottish Parliament and Welsh Assembly 172
IX