The Long Morning of MedievaL europe To Paul Meyvaert Friend and Teacher The Long Morning of Medieval europe new directions in early Medieval Studies edited by Jennifer r. davis and Michael McCormick California Institute of Technology, USA and Harvard University, USA First published 2008 by Ashgate Publishing Published 2016 by Routledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN 711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017, USA Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business Copyright © Jennifer r. davis and Michael McCormick 2008 Jennifer r. davis and Michael McCormick have asserted their moral rights under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988, to be identified as the editors of this work. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. Notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data The long morning of medieval europe : new directions in early medieval studies 1.Civilization, Medieval - Congresses 2. Christian art and symbolism – Medieval, 500–1500 –Congresses 3. Carolingians – Congresses 4. europe – Social conditions – To 1492 – Congresses 5. europe – economic conditions – To 1492 – Congresses 6. europe – Church history – 600–1500 – Congresses 7. europe – politics and government – 476–1492 – Congresses i. davis, Jennifer r. ii. McCormick, Michael 940.1’4 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data The long morning of medieval europe : new directions in early medieval studies / edited by Jennifer r. davis and Michael McCormick. p.cm. “This book emerged from ‘new directions 2: The early Middle ages today, a conference held at harvard university in october 2004” – foreword. includes index. iSBn 978–0–7546–6254–9 (alk. paper) 1.Civilization, Medieval – Study and teaching – Congresses. 2. Civilization, Medieval research – Congresses. 3. Middle ages – Study and teaching – Congresses. 4. Middle ages –research – Congresses. 5. europe – Civilization – Study and teaching – Congresses. 6.europe – history –To 476 – Study and teaching – Congresses. 7. europe – history –476–1492 – Study and teaching – Congresses. i. davis, Jennifer r., 1975– ii. McCormick, Michael, 1951– CB353.L66 2007 940.1–dc22 2007022605 ISBN 13: 978-0-7546-6254-9 (hbk) Contents List of Figures and Tables ix List of Contributors xi Foreword xvii List of Abbreviations xix The early Middle ages: europe’s Long Morning Jennifer R. Davis and Michael McCormick 1 PART ONE discovering the early Medieval economy Michael McCormick 13 1 rethinking the Structure of the early Medieval economy Chris Wickham 19 2 Strong rulers – Weak economy? rome, the Carolingians and the archaeology of Slavery in the first Millennium ad Joachim Henning 33 3 The Beginnings of hilltop villages in early Medieval Tuscany Riccardo Francovich† 55 4 Molecular Middle ages: early Medieval economic history in the Twenty-first Century Michael McCormick 83 5 The early Medieval economy: data, production, exchange and demand Angeliki E. Laiou 99 PART TWO Sounding early Medieval holiness Michael McCormick 107 6 Latin hagiography before the ninth Century: a Synoptic view Guy Philippart with Michel Trigalet 111 vi The Long Morning of Medieval Europe 7 Donationes pro anima: gift and Countergift in the early Medieval Liturgy Arnold Angenendt 131 8 The early Medieval Transformation of piety Thomas Head 155 PART THREE representation and reality in the artistry of early Medieval Literature Michael McCormick 163 9 observations on early Medieval Weather in general, Bloody rain in particular Paul Edward Dutton 167 10 The King Says no: on the Logic of Type-Scenes in Late antique and early Medieval narrative Joaquín Martínez Pizarro 181 11 of arms and the (ger)man: Literary and Material Culture in the Waltharius Jan M. Ziolkowski 193 12 representations and reality in early Medieval Literature Danuta Shanzer 209 PART FOUR practices of power in an early Medieval empire Michael McCormick 219 13 Charlemagne and empire Janet L. Nelson 223 14 a pattern for power: Charlemagne’s delegation of Judicial responsibilities Jennifer R. Davis 235 15 practices of property in the Carolingian empire Matthew J. Innes 247 16 The Cunning of institutions Stuart Airlie 267 Contents vii PART FIVE The intellectuality of early Medieval art Michael McCormick 275 17 Charlemagne’s Balcony: The Solarium in ninth-Century narratives Mayke de Jong 277 18 image and object: Christ’s dual nature and the Crisis of early Medieval art Herbert L. Kessler 291 19 Matter and Meaning in the Carolingian World Thomas F.X. Noble 321 index 327 This page intentionally left blank