The Life and Legends of Calamity Jane PDF
Preview The Life and Legends of Calamity Jane
The Life and Legends of Calamity Jane The Oklahoma Western Biographies Richard W. Etulain, General Editor QQ66550011..iinnddbb ii 77//99//1144 22::4444::1199 PPMM Also by Richard W. Etulain (a selective listing) author Owen Wister Ernest Haycox Re-imagining the Modern American West: A Century of Fiction, History, and Art Telling Western Stories: From Buffalo Bill to Larry McMurtry Beyond the Missouri: The Story of the American West Seeking First the Kingdom: Northwest Nazarene University, A Centennial History Abraham Lincoln and Oregon Country Politics in the Civil War Era coauthor Conversations with Wallace Stegner on Western History and Literature The American West: A Twentieth-Century History editor Writing Western History: Essays on Major Western Historians Does the Frontier Experience Make America Exceptional? César Chávez: A Brief Biography with Documents New Mexican Lives: Profi les and Historical Stories Western Lives: A Biographical History of the American West Lincoln Looks West: From the Mississippi to the Pacifi c coeditor Basque Americans Fifty Western Writers: A Bio-bibliographical Guide A Bibliographical Guide to the Study of Western American Literature The Twentieth-Century West: Historical Interpretations Researching Western History: Topics in the Twentieth Century By Grit and Grace: Eleven Women Who Shaped the American West Portraits of Basques in the New World With Badges and Bullets: Lawmen and Outlaws in the Old West The Hollywood West The American West in 2000: Essays in Honor of Gerald D. Nash Wild Women of the Old West Chiefs and Generals QQ66550011..iinnddbb iiii 77//99//1144 22::4444::1199 PPMM The Life and Legends of Calamity Jane By Richard W. Etulain University of Oklahoma Press : Norman QQ66550011..iinnddbb iiiiii 77//99//1144 22::4444::1199 PPMM Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Etulain, Richard W. The life and legends of Calamity Jane / by Richard W. Etulain. pages cm. — (Oklahoma western biographies ; volume 29) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-8061-4632-4 (hardcover : alk. paper) 1. Calamity Jane, 1856–1903. 2. Women pioneers—West (U.S—Biography. 3. West (U.S—Biography. 4. Frontier and pioneer life—West (U.S.) I. Title. F594.C2E88 2014 978'.02092—dc23 [B] 2014012696 The Life and Legends of Calamity Jane is Volume 29 in The Oklahoma Western Biographies. The paper in this book meets the guidelines for permanence and durabil- ity of the Committee on Production Guidelines for Book Longevity of the Council on Library Resources, Inc. Copyright © 2014 by the University of Oklahoma Press, Norman, Pub- lishing Division of the University. Manufactured in the U.S.A. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, elec- tronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise—except as permitted under Section 107 or 108 of the United States Copyright Act— without the prior written permission of the University of Oklahoma Press. To request permission to reproduce selections from this book, write to Permissions, University of Oklahoma Press, 2800 Venture Drive, Norman OK 73069, or email [email protected]. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 QQ66550011..iinnddbb iivv 77//99//1144 22::4444::1199 PPMM For Glenda Riley, splendid western historian, wonderful colleague QQ66550011..iinnddbb vv 77//99//1144 22::4444::2200 PPMM QQ66550011..iinnddbb vvii 77//99//1144 22::4444::2200 PPMM Contents List of Illustrations viii Series Editor’s Preface xi Preface xiii 1. Foundations, Stable and Broken 3 2. Finding Her Way 26 3. Negotiating Deadwood 52 4. Overnight Fame: A Dime Novel Heroine 78 5. On the Road Again 115 6. The Decline of a Life 149 7. Imagining Calamity: Launching a Legendary Heroine, 1903–1930 200 8. The Search for a Coherent Calamity, 1930–1960 233 9. A New Gray Calamity, 1960–1990 272 10. A Complex Calamity, 1990–Present 302 Conclusion: Pondering a Life and Legends 339 Essay on Sources 345 Bibliography 357 Index 373 vii QQ66550011..iinnddbb vviiii 77//99//1144 22::4444::2200 PPMM Illustrations Figures The U.S. Census of 1860, Mercer County, Missouri 11 The Canary farm 14 Virginia City, Montana 21 Wyoming Census, Carter County, 1869 28 Early Cheyenne 37 First photograph of Calamity Jane 43 Calamity Jane as General Crook’s Scout 49 James Butler “Wild Bill” Hickok 55 Booming Deadwood, 1876–77 62 Gem Theater, Deadwood 64 Three Calamity Jane portraits from Drama of Life in the Black Hills (1878) 70 Mapping Calamity Jane’s Deadwood 73 Horatio N. Maguire, journalist and historian 80 Deadwood Dick dime novel series 86 Calamity Jane as a dime novel heroine 97 Thomas N. Newson’s dramatic Calamity Jane 105 “Miss Martha Canary (‘Calamity Jane’), The Female Scout.” 110 viii QQ66550011..iinnddbb vviiiiii 77//99//1144 22::4444::2200 PPMM Illustrations Martha Canary, late 1870s or early 1880s 113 “One and Original ‘Calamity Jane.’” 119 Calamity Jane in stylish buckskins 127 In Wyoming in the 1880s 132 Martha Canary–William P. Steers marriage certifi cate, 1888 138 Calamity Jane among the railroad men 144 Clinton E. Burke, one of Calamity Jane’s “husbands” 146 Calamity Jane on the road 157 Calamity Jane’s autobiography 158 Calamity Jane, the Wildest Woman of the West 163 In Utica, Montana 174 With Teddy Blue Abbott 175 In Livingston, Montana, 1901 180 At the Pan-American Exposition 184 Calamity Jane returns west 188 Near death 195 In repose 197 In the Mount Moriah Cemetery 198 As Pioneer Woman 203 Wild Woman of the Old West, Calamity Jane 210 First Calamity Jane fi lm 219 Wild Bill Hickok (Paramount), 1923 221 The fi rst nonfi ction account of Calamity Jane 229 Calamity Jane’s daughter, Jessie Oakes Murray (1887–1980) 238 Jean Hickok McCormick 241 Calamity Jane, by Roberta Beed Sollid 255 The Plainsman, 1936 264 Calamity Jane, 1953 267 Calamity, Mark and Belle, by J. T. Edson 279 Trouble Trail, by J. T. Edson 279 Leather and Lace, by Dorothy Dixon 282 Dead Man’s Hand, by Jake Logan 282 Stagecoach, Station 11: Deadwood, by Hank Mitchum 282 Pete Dexter, Deadwood, 1986 287 Larry McMurtry, Buffalo Girls, 1990 290 ix QQ66550011..iinnddbb iixx 77//99//1144 22::4444::2200 PPMM
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