WORKS ISSUED BY THE HAKLUYT SOCIETY __________ Series Editors Janet Hartley Joyce Lorimer Maurice Raraty __________ THE LEVANT VOYAGE OF THE BLACKHAM GALLEY (1696–1698): THE SEA JOURNAL OF JOHN LOOKER, SHIP’S SURGEON THIRD SERIES NO. 40 THE HAKLUYT SOCIETY Trustees of the Hakluyt Society 2022–2023 PRESIDENT Dr Gloria Clifton VICE-PRESIDENTS Professor Felipe Fernández-Armesto Professor Nandini Das Captain Michael K. Barritt RN Mr Bruce Hunter Professor Jim Bennett Professor Will F. Ryan FBA Dr Sarah Tyacke CB COUNCIL (with date of election) Dr Katie Bank (2021) Dr Eva Johanna Holmberg (2019) Peter Barber OBE (2019) Professor Claire Jowitt (2019) Dr Jack Benson (co-opted) Lionel Knight MBE (2019) Professor Daniel Carey MRIA (2020) Dr Bertie Mandelblatt (2021) Dr Matthew Day (2022) Dr Richard Marsh (2022) Dr Natalya Din-Kariuki (2022) Dr Guido van Meersbergen (2020) Dr Derek L. 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Fuller, Literature Section, 14N-405, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139-4207 THE LEVANT VOYAGE OF THE BLACKHAM GALLEY (1696–1698): THE SEA JOURNAL OF JOHN LOOKER, SHIP’S SURGEON Edited by COLIN HEYWOOD and EDMOND SMITH Published by Routledge for THE HAKLUYT SOCIETY LONDON 2022 First published 2022 for the Hakluyt Society by Routledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN and by Routledge 605 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10158 Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business © 2022 The Hakluyt Society The right of Colin Heywood and Edmond Smith to be identified as authors of this work has been asserted by them in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilized in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 9781032222110 (hbk) ISBN 9781003271598 (ebk) Typeset in Garamond Premier Pro by Waveney Typesetters, Wymondham, Norfolk Routledge website: http://www.routledge.com Hakuyt Society website: http://www.hakluyt.com For April For being there throughout CONTENTS List of Maps and Illustrations xi Preface and Acknowledgements xiii List of Abbreviations xvi INTRODUCTION 1 1. The Author and His Manuscript 4 a. John Looker: The Man behind the ‘Journall’ 4 b. Looker’s ‘Journall’: An Example of Artisanal Autobiography 5 c. Looker’s ‘Journall’: The Provenance of National Maritime Museum MS PHB/6 8 2. The Early History of the Blackham Galley 10 a. Construction and Purchase 10 b. The Blackham Galley’s First Voyage (1694–6) 13 3. Looker’s Journey on the Blackham Galley (1696–8) 15 a. The Outward Voyage: Gravesend to Messina, Smyrna and Istanbul (12 December 1696–20 April 1697) 16 b. Privateering and Detention in Smyrna (20 April 1697–2 January 1698) 18 c. The Return Voyage: Smyrna to Messina, Malaga, and the Thames (2 January–14 March 1698) 19 4. Understanding Looker’s ‘Journall’ 22 a. John Looker as a Tourist 22 b. Risks and Dangers of the English Levant Trade 25 c. Consuls’ Roles and the Ottoman Interdict 27 d. Social Relations on Board the Blackham Galley 28 e. Health, Sickness and Death on Board 32 5. The End of the Blackham Galley 34 6. Editorial Conventions Adopted in the Transcription of Looker’s Journal 38 THE ‘JOURNALL’ OF JOHN LOOKER, SHIP’S SURGEON 39 APPENDICES 1. Lord Paget, the Ottomans, and the Detention of the Blackham Galley 195 2 Identified Members of the Company of the Blackham Galley under Captain Charles Newnam 205 3. Wills of Members of the Crew of the Blackham Galley 207 4. The Homeward Lading of the Blackham Galley, 13 May–29 December 1697, as Recorded in John Looker’s ‘Journall’ 213 ix