The Land Question in Britain, 1750–1950 PDF
Preview The Land Question in Britain, 1750–1950
The Land Question in Britain, 1750–1950 AlsobyMatthewCragoe AN ANGLICAN ARISTOCRACY: The Moral Economy of the Landed Estate in Carmarthenshire1832–1895 CULTURE,POLITICSANDNATIONALIDENTITYINWALES1832–1886 ANTICLERICALISM: From the Reformation to the First World War (Edited with NigelAshton) LONDONPOLITICS,1760–1914(((EditedwithAntonyTaylor) WALESANDWAR:Society,PoliticsandReligionintheNineteenthandTwentieth Centuries(EditedwithChrisWilliams) AlsobyPaulReadman LANDANDNATIONINENGLAND:Patriotism,NationalIdentityandthePolitics ofLand,1880–1914 The Land Question in Britain, 1750–1950 Editedby Matthew Cragoe ProfessorofModernBritishHistory,UniversityofSussex and Paul Readman HeadofDepartmentandSeniorLecturerinModernBritishHistory, King’sCollegeLondon Editorialmatter,selection,andintroduction©MatthewCragoe andPaulReadman2010 Allremainingchapters©theirrespectiveauthors2010 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2010 978-0-230-20340-2 Allrightsreserved.Noreproduction,copyortransmissionofthis publicationmaybemadewithoutwrittenpermission. Noportionofthispublicationmaybereproduced,copiedortransmitted savewithwrittenpermissionorinaccordancewiththeprovisionsofthe Copyright,DesignsandPatentsAct1988,orunderthetermsofanylicence permittinglimitedcopyingissuedbytheCopyrightLicensingAgency, SaffronHouse,6-10KirbyStreet,LondonEC1N8TS. Anypersonwhodoesanyunauthorizedactinrelationtothispublication maybeliabletocriminalprosecutionandcivilclaimsfordamages. Theauthorshaveassertedtheirrightstobeidentified astheauthorsofthisworkinaccordancewiththeCopyright, DesignsandPatentsAct1988. Firstpublished2010by PALGRAVEMACMILLAN PalgraveMacmillanintheUKisanimprintofMacmillanPublishersLimited, registeredinEngland,companynumber785998,ofHoundmills,Basingstoke, HampshireRG216XS. PalgraveMacmillanintheUSisadivisionofStMartin’sPressLLC, 175FifthAvenue,NewYork,NY10010. PalgraveMacmillanistheglobalacademicimprintoftheabovecompanies andhascompaniesandrepresentativesthroughouttheworld. Palgrave®andMacmillan®areregisteredtrademarksintheUnitedStates, theUnitedKingdom,Europeandothercountries. ISBN 978-1-349-30124-9 ISBN 978-0-230-24847-2 (eBook) DOI 10.1057/9780230248472 Thisbookisprintedonpapersuitableforrecyclingandmadefromfully managedandsustainedforestsources.Logging,pulpingandmanufacturing processesareexpectedtoconformtotheenvironmentalregulationsofthe countryoforigin. AcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary. AcatalogrecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheLibraryofCongress. 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 To Carol and Kristina This page intentionally left blank Contents ListofFiguresandTables ix Acknowledgements x ListofAbbreviations xi Contributors xii Introduction 1 MatthewCragoeandPaulReadman 1 TheCommonFieldLandscape,CulturalCommemoration andtheImpactofEnclosure,c.1770–1850 19 IanWaites 2 ‘WitnessesfortheDefence’:TheYeomenofOldEngland andtheLandQuestion,c.1815–1837 37 KathrynBeresford 3 ChartismandtheLand:‘TheMightyPeople’sQuestion’ 57 MalcolmChase 4 The‘ManchesterSchool’andtheLandlords:TheFailureof LandReforminEarlyVictorianBritain 74 AnthonyHowe 5 ‘AContemptibleMimicoftheIrish’:TheLandQuestion inVictorianWales 92 MatthewCragoe 6 SettingtheHeatheronFire:TheLandQuestionin Scotland,1850–1914 109 EwenA.Cameron 7 IrishLandandBritishPolitics 126 PhilipBull 8 RichardCobden,J.E.ThoroldRogersandHenryGeorge 146 AntonyTaylor vii viii Contents 9 LondonandtheLandQuestion,c.1880–1914 167 RolandQuinault 10 TheEdwardianLandQuestion 181 PaulReadman 11 Unemployment,TaxationandHousing:TheUrbanLand QuestioninLateNineteenth-andEarly Twentieth-CenturyBritain 201 IanPacker 12 LandReformandtheEnglishLandMarket,1880–1925 219 JohnBeckettandMichaelTurner 13 SocialismandtheLandQuestion:PublicOwnershipand ControlinLabourPartyPolicy,1918–1950s 237 ClareGriffiths 14 Epilogue:TheStrangeDeathoftheEnglishLandQuestion 257 F.M.L.Thompson Index 271 List of Figures and Tables Figures 1.1 JohnCrome,MouseholdHeath(etching,c.1810) 23 1.2 WilliamTurnerofOxford,Haymaking,StudyfromNature, inOsneyMeadow,nearOxford,lookingtowardsIffley (WatercolourandBodycolour,1853–54).Private Collection 26 1.3 WilliamTurnerofOxford,Portmeadow,Oxford(pencil, 1812) 28 1.4 WilliamTurnerofOxford,WhichwoodForest (Watercolour,1809) 32 8.1 Popularhostilitytoaristocraticlandownersinacartoon by‘Cynicus’(MartinAnderson),1893 155 8.2 HenryGeorge’sproposalsforlandreformalarmthe shadeofWilliamtheConqueror:TheOwl,19March 1884 161 10.1 F.C.Gould,TheToryVillage:AToyforLittleTories,from F.C.Gould,CartoonsoftheCampaign(London,1895) 191 Tables 12.1 LandsalesinEngland,1896–1922(in£s) 222 12.2 HierarchyofbuyersandsellersoflandinEngland, 1918–21 228 ix
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