The Kingfisher Illustrated Junior Dictionary

196 Pages·1997·34.394 MB·English

by  Allene Tuck (editor), Heather Crossley (editor), Anne H. Soukhanov (editor), John Grisewood (editor), Penny Stock (editor)

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THE KINGFISHER
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ILLUSTRATED
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1
1 J I
DICTIONARY

THE KINGFISHER
ILLUSTRATED
JUNIOR
DICTIONARY
Kingfisher
—
Editor HeatherCrossley
Designer MalcolmSmythe
EditorialConsultants JohnGrisewoodand
AnneSoukhanov
EditorialDevelopment AngelaCrawley
Definitions AlleneTuck,PennyStock,
AnneSoukhanov,and
ElizabethLongley
PronunciationConsultant SheilaDignen
Photographers TimRidley,NickGoodall,
SteveGorton
CoverDesign TraceyMcNerney
ArtArchivists WendyAllison,
SteveRobinson
ArtworkResearcher VickyGuilder
PropOrganizer SarahWilson
ProductionManagers SusanWilmotand
OonaghPhelan
KINGFISHER
LarousseKingfisherChambersInc.
95MadisonAvenue
NewYork,NewYork 10016
Firstedition 1997
24681097531
Copyright©Laroussepic 1997
All rightsreservedunderInternationaland
Pan-AmericanCopyrightConventions
UBRAffl OFCONGRESSCATALOC1NC-IN-PUBUCATIONDATA
TheKingfisherillustratedjuniordictionary editors,John
Grisewood.HeatherCrossley:consultanteditor.AnneSoukhanov.
1stAmericaned.
p. cm.
Summary:Adictionaryfeaturingover4.000headwordswith
definitions,usagesentences,—spellingtips,illustrations,andphotographs.
1. Englishlanguage Dictionaries,Juvenile. [1. English
language Dictionaries.] I. Grisewood,John. II.Crossley,
Heather. 111.Soukhanov,Anne H.
PE1628.5.K55 1997
U2I 96-49278 CM'AC
ISBN 0-7534 8
Printedin Italy
Contents
About this dictionary
has been estimated that ifall the words ofthe English
a It
language in all its varieties could be collected intoa single
b dictionary, therewould be many millions ofentries! Imagine
—
how big it would be though hardly the kind ofdictionary the
c average userwould require. So, needless to say, the headwords that
d appear in most dictionaries have been selected to meet the
particular needs and interests ofdifferent groups ofreaders. That is
e why there is such awide choice ofdictionaries, from "mini"' and
"pocket" dictionaries to "concise" and big "reference" dictionaries.
f
g Children's dictionaries
h Particularly important are the special dictionaries for children. For
example, a "first dictionary" designed for childrenwho arejust
—
i learning to read: a "school dictionary" an essential tool for the
grade-school pupil; and a dictionary such as thisIllustratedJuniorDictionary. which has been
J specificallywritten and designed to meet the very special needs ofchildren aged 7 and upward. These
k junior readers, who have started to enjoy reading and writing
on their own, need a dictionary both as a reference book and
I as an aid for checking their spelling.
In compiling the KingfisherIllustratedJuniorDictionary.
our team oflexicographers took into account the special
requirements ofyoung readers aged 7 upward. They
included as much information appropriate to the needs of
these youngsters as possible. The carefully researched and
up-to-date headword list has drawn on authoritative new-
word monitoring programs that track around 500 new
words and meanings every month. A large corpus ofover
\ 100 million written and spoken English words was also
available during the compilation process. As a result, this
dictionary provides a fresh and stimulating approach to the
language, based on a clearanalysis ofmodern English and how it is used.
The Kingfisher Illustrated Junior Dictionary makes it a
pleasure to learn about words.
—
Friendly and easy to use
The compilers have had one overriding
consideration: to produce a dictionary that
will cultivate a genuine interest in all A
aspects of language. They have therefore
been careful to make sure that the B
dictionary is always friendly, simple, and
c
easy to use, so that itwill help readers to
develop skills thatwill enable them to D
become confident users ofadult
dictionaries and other alphabetical books E
ofreference. A good dictionarywill provide awealth of F
information aboutwords ifthe person using it understandshow
G
to use it. On the following pages we show young readers how to
."/ find theirway around the dictionary and explore itso that they H
can make itwork for them as a really useful reference tool. Among
the many things theywill explore and discoverare: how to find a I
word; howwords are spelled; the many different kinds ofwords;
what words can do and what they mean; howwords sometimes J
change for different purposes; and the complex relationship between K
words. And in no time they will discover thatwords are enjoyable and
L
thatyou can even have lots offun and games with them, aswe
M
show on page 9.
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Illustrations Integral and Essential
This dictionary is not only ajunior dictionary; it is also an illustrated dictionary O
theKingfisherIllustratedJuniorDictionary. The illustrations and specially
P
commissioned photographs are integral and essential features, since children
today are used to information being presented Q
visually. The colorful and fresh illustrations are not
•^^ ^F meantas decoration but are intended toworkwith the R
"* f/f^k1 It text- AH are relevant and all have thejob ofclarifying S
definitions, andwhere they are labeled, they further extendvocabulary.
T
This is particularly true ofthe special feature pages and panels, which
deal with such subjects as bikes, birds, and castles. U
So ouradvice to the young reader is: study the section entitled Your V
Guide to the Dictionaryvery carefully to find out about the dictionary's
w
many special features. Youwill then learn how to explorewords, to
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understand them and have funwith them.
X
The Kingfisher Illustrated Junior Dictionary is lively, Y
authoritative, and easy to use. z
Your guide to the dictionary
How to find a word
a Allheadwords(entries) inthisdictionary' thosewhichbeginwithB,andsoon themselvesinalphabeticalorder,so
arelistedintheorderofthealphabet. untilyou reachZ.Allthewordsunder admitfollowsadmire; formfollowsfork.
b Wordsthat beginwithAarefollowedby each letterofthealphabetare andvampirefollowsvalue.
guide words colored headwords entries alpha rules
c
showfirstheadwordon left- beginallentriesandshow includeheadwordandall its helpyoutofindtheright
d handpageand lastheadword howthewordisspelled. information, includingany lettersection.The
onthe right-handpage. differentdefinitionsand highlightedbshowsthat
relatedwords. youare inthebsection.
e
f
9
h
i
J
k
I
m
related
n words
belongtothe
o sameword
family.
P
example parts of speech changed forms
q sentences showwhether Spellingchanges
showhowaword thewordisa whenwordsare
r isusedtomake noun,verb, usedindifferent
the meaning adjective,adverb, ways.All plurals
s conjunction,or ofnouns,verb
preposition(see inflections,and
t page8),and tell (he comparatives ° feature
what itdoes in and superlatives / pages and
u asentence. hi adjectivesare panels
shown. groupwords
andpictures
V toget—herby
w topic birds.
fruit,orspace,
forexample.
X With theirword
boxes, these pages
new letter section extendvocabulary
y Abig,colored letter and knowledge
startseach sectionol about the topic
z
Hi. alpl
a
Useful features to help you explore words
M
thesaurus boxes
A
Theseshowhowyoucanvaryandenrich happy small
yourvocabularybychoosingadifferent
wordwithasimilarmeaningtoexpress B
yourself.TheKingfisherIllustrated Somewordsthatyoucanuseinstead Somewordsyoucanuseinsteadof
JuniorDictionaryhasthesaurusboxes ofhappy: small: C
forthefollowingwords: I'mhappyI'vefinishedmyhomework. Allsmallanimalslooksweet.
bad,big,eat,fast,good,happy,like,nice, contented, pleased,glad i baby,young D
piece,small. Theyarehappywiththeirwedding Thewritingissosmallyouneeda
presents. magnifyingglasstoreadit.
irdelighted, pleased,thrilled-ci ii rminute, tiny E
Christmasisahappytimeofyear. Don'tworry. It'sonlyasmallmistake.
irmerry,cheerful•< unimportant,slight,minor F
G
homophones pronunciation and rhymingwords opposites H
Wordsthatsoundthesamebuthave Wordsthataredifficultorawkwardto Theoppositemeaningsforsomewords
differentmeaningsaremarkedwiththis sayaremarkedwiththissign areshownbythissign
•
sign I
J
fairfairsnoun fracture fracturesnoun fill fillsfilling filledverb
aplaceoutsidewhereridesand abreakorcrackinsomething, Ifyoufillsomething,youputas K
competitionsaresetupforpeople especiallyabone.Herarmisina muchintoitasitcanhold.Frances
tohavefun.•Awordthatsounds castbecauseshehasafracture. A filledthebottleswithwater. L
likefairisfare. vSayfrak-cher. Theopposite isempty.
M
How our states got spelling tips vocabulary boxes N
their names Ilfetytoeru,citamnnaoytbfeinudnadewroradnoutnhdeerrleotnteer. wMoarndystcoopnicnepcatgeedsthoavteheatloipsitc.ofspecial O
Forinstance,thecorrectspellingfor
Onpage 189youwillfindalistof "cangaroo"is"kangaroo!" VOCABULARY P
allthe50states,togetherwith A bailey
informationabouthowtheygottheir thecourtyardinsidethewalls. Q
names. Forexample,didyouknow battering ram
thatMontanameans"mountainous" Spellingtip: aheavy, woodenpolethatwas R
inSpanish?Youcanlearnalot Somewords thatbeginwitha rammedagainstanenemy'scastle
aboutwordsfromtheirsounds. "co"soundarespelledwitha wallorgate.
"ko,"forexample, koala. battlement S
topofacastlewallwithgaps
throughwhichpeoplecouldfireon T
theenemy.
buttress U
First writing apillarstrengtheningawall.
drawbridge
V
abridgeoverthemoatthatcouldbe
Atfirstpeoplewouldjustdrawa—picture fewbrushstrokesknownas pulleduptiontsototphethceasetlne.emygetting w
ofathingtheywantedtorecord "characters."Chinese isstillwrittenin dungeon
wTohemapne,opalehoorfsaen,coirenatbEigrdy,ptfocroiunlsdtawnrciet.e chaArbaocutetrs3,t0o00thyiesadrasy.ago,awayof aprisonunkdeeerpthecastle. X
verycomplicatedmessagesusingthese writingwasdevelopedthatusedsigns themaintower.
kindsofpictures.Thepeopleofancient foreachsoundinaword.Aletterstood loophole Y
Chinaalsodrewpicturesofthingsthey forasound.Wecalllettersthatstandfor aslitinawallforlight, air, orfor
wpiacnttuerdesubsetcoakmneomwuacbhousti.mIpnletri—me,jutsthease s"boruincdkss"awnealupsheabteot.buTihldesoeurarleatnhgeuage. shootingthrough. z
Parts of speech
noun
thenameofaperson,place, thing,oridea.
a Tom's videoonjusticeandfreedom
wasinhis housein SanJose.
b
pronoun
standsinplaceofanoun.
c
Hegave herabarofsoap. Itwasscented.
d
adjective
awindthatdescribesanoun.
e //wasa cold, frostyday.sosheworea large woolenhat. r> K'S :*
noun:cheetah,antelope
f Thecheetahischasingthe verb adjective:foreign
antelope. awordexpressingactionorbeing. /collectforeignstamps.
9 Whenshebrokethewindow,she feltunhappy.
adverb
h
givesmore informationaboutanadjectiveoranotheradverb.
The verylargehorsegallopedquicklyaroundthecourse.
conjunction
awindthatjoinswordsorphrases.
i JaneandDanwenttowork, butwestayedathome.
k
preposition
showstherelationshipbetweenonenounandanother.
I Thecatissittingonthemat. Themouseis underthetable.
m
interjection
awordthatexpressesastrongfeeling.
n verb:todry Ouch!Thathurts. Oh!flownice. adverb:upside-down
Halisdryinghisface. Theslothishangingupside-:
o
Pronunciation
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V
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