The Jerusalem Talmud: תלמוד ירושׁלמי Second Order: Moˁed סדר מועד, Tractates Šabbat and ˁEruvin: מסכתות שׁבת ועירובין - Edition, Translation, and Commentary

847 Pages·2012·72.701 MB·English

by  Heinrich W. Guggenheimer

The Jerusalem Talmud
Second Order: Mo‘ed
Tractates Sabbat and ‘Eruvin
Studia Judaica
Forschungen zur Wissenschaft des Judentums
Begründet von
Ernst Ludwig Ehrlich
Herausgegeben von
Günter Stemberger
Band 68
De Gruyter
The Jerusalem Talmud
ימלשורי דומלת
Second Order: Mo‘ed
דעומ רדס
Tractates Sabbat and ‘Eruvin
ןיבוריעו תבש תותכסמ
Edition, Translation, and Commentary
by
Heinrich W Guggenheimer
De Gruyter
ISBN 978-3-11-028900-8
e-ISBN 978-3-11-028903-9
ISSN 0585-5306
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
A CIP catalog record for this book has been applied for at the Library of Congress.
Bibliographic information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek
The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie;
detailed bibliographic data are available in the Internet at http://dnb.dnb.de.
© 2012 Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co. KG, Berlin/Boston
Printing: Hubert & Co. GmbH & Co. KG, Göttingen
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Preface
The present volume is the fourteenth in this series of the Jerusalem Talmud,
the first in a fpur-volume edition, translation, and Commentary of the Second
Order of this Talmud. The principles of the edition regarding text,
vocalization, s and Commentary have ben spelled out in detail in the
Introduction to the first volume. The text in this volume is based on the
manuscript text of the Yerushalmi edited by J. Sussman for the Academy of
the Hebrew Language, Jerusalem 2001. The text essentially represents an
outline, to be fleshed out by a teacher’s explanation. The translation should
mirror this slant; it should not endow the text with literary qualities which the
original does not posses. In particular, the translation is not intended to stand
separate from the Commentary.
The extensive Commentary is not based on emendations; where there is
evidence from manuscripts, quotes by early Medieval authors, or early prints,
to correct scribal or corrector’s errors, the proposed correction is given in the
Notes. As in the preceding volumes, for each paragraph the folio and line
numbers of the Krotoschin edition are added. It should be remembered that
these numbers may differ from the editio princeps by up to three lines. It
seems to be important that a translation of the Yerushalmi be accompanied by
the text, to enable the reader to compare the interpretation with other
translations.
Again, biblical quotations are given with the accents, except for words
which differ (usually by plene spelling) from the masoretic texts. Since the
quotes are part of oral tradition, the deviations in spelling are examples of
substandard spelling, rather than changes in the text.
Again, I wish to thank my wife, Dr. Eva Guggenheimer, who acted as
critic, style editor, proof reader, and expert on the Latin and Greek
vi PREFACE
vocabulary. Her own notes on some possible Latin and Greek etymologies
are identified by (E. G.).
Contents
Introduction to Tractates Sabbat and Eruvin 1
Sabbat Chapter 1, תבשה תואיצי 7
Chapter 2,ןיקילדמ המב 87
Chapter 3, הריכ 125
Chapter 4,ןינמוט המב 163
Chapter 5, המהב המב 176
Chapter 6, השא המב 189
Chapter 7,לודג ללכ 229
Chapter 8,ןיי איצומה 304
Chapter 9, הביקע יבר 326
Chapter 10, עינצמה 356
Chapter 11, קרוזה 366
Chapter 12, הנובה 387.
Chapter 13, גרואה 404
Chapter 14,םיצרש הנומש 416
Chapter 15, םירשק וליא 437
Chapter 16, שדוקה יבתכ לכ 447
Chapter 17, םילכה לכ 470
Chapter 18,וינפמ 485
Chapter 19, רזעילא יבר 495
Chapter 20,ןילות 523
Chapter 21, Mishnah 533
Chapter 22, Mishnah 535
Chapter 23, Mishnah 538
Chapter 24, Mishnah 541
Eruvin Chapter 1,יובמ 545
Chapter 2,ןיספ ןישוע 600
Chapter 3,ןיברעמ לכב 619
Chapter 4,והואיצוהש ימ 657
Chapter 5,ןירבעמ דציכ 675
Vlll PREFACE
Eruvin Chapter 6, רדה 703
Chapter 7,ןולח 734
Chapter 8,ןיפתתשמ דציכ 755
Chapter 9,תוגג לכ 776
Chapter 19,ןיליפת אצומה 789
Erratum 822
Indices
Sigla 823
Index of Biblical quotations 823
Index of Talmudical quotations
Babylonian Talmud 825
Jerusalem Talmud 828
Mishnah 829
Tosephta 830
Midrashim 831
Rabbinic Literature 831
Index of Greek, Latin, and Arabie, Words 832
Author Index 834
Subject Index 835
Introduction to _T__ ractates SVabbat and 'Eruvin
While the two Tractates always appear as separate entities, together they form
a standard long Tractate of 30 Chapters on the rules of the Sabbath, parallel to
the 30 Chapters each of Tractates Neziqin on civil law and Kelim on ritual
impurity. This may explain the absence of Chapters 21-24 of Sabbat in the
Yerushalmi manuscripts, including the Genizah text; these Chapters were not
lost in transmission; they never existed. Therefore it is appropriate to treat the
two Tractates as an organic whole. The reason why they appear under
separate names can only be surmised. One may conjecture that Tractate Sab-
bat treats those rules which in principle, though certainly not in detail, were
accepted by all Jewish sects, whereas 'eruvin are purely pharisaic-rabbinic
institutions.
In the Leiden manuscript and the editio princeps of the Yerushalmi, the
two Tractates are different from all others in that the Chapters are not sub-
divided into Halakhot. This seems to be a particularity not of the original
composition but of the source from which the manuscript was copied, since
Genizah fragments have indications of division into Halakhot\ The spelling
in these Tractates is not uniform; e.g., the name Ze'ira appears in all forms,
from the pure Galilean הרועז through הריעז,אריעז, to the pure Babylonian אריז.
The list of activities forbidden on the Sabbath (Mishnaiot Sabbat 7:2-4)
includes, “transporting from one domain to another” as an appendix; it does
not mention “leaving one^ Sabbath domain” since the latter while sinful is
not a capital crime. Tractate Eruvin is dedicated almost entirely to instances
where these two prohibitions can be attenuated; a great part of Tractate Sabbat
is devoted to the details of the prohibition of transporting, probably because
this is the most intrusive of Sabbath restrictions and because it is non trivial in
1. Cf. L. Ginzberg, Yerushalmi Fragments from the Genizah, New York 1909, p. 97 1. 9.