The Interstellar Medium: Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute held at Schliersee, Germany, April 2–13, 1973 PDF
Preview The Interstellar Medium: Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute held at Schliersee, Germany, April 2–13, 1973
The Interstellar Medium NATO ADVANCED STUDY INSTITUTES SERIES Proceedings of the Advanced Study Institute Programme, which aims at the dissemination of advanced knowledge and the formation of contacts among scientists from different countries The series is published by an international board of publishers in conjunction with NATO Scientific Affairs Division A Life Sciences Plenum Publishing Corporation B Physics London and New York C Mathematical and D, Reidel Publishing Company Physical Sciences Dordrecht and Boston D Behavioral and Sijthoff International Publishing Company Social Sciences Leiden E Applied Sciences Noordhoff International Publishing Leiden Series C - Mathematical and Physical Sciences Volume 6 - The Interstellar Medium The Interstellar Medium Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute held at Schliersee, Germany, April 2-13, 1973 edited by K.PINKAU Max·Planck-Institut for Physik und Astrophysik Institut FUr extraterrestrische Physik. Garching bei Miinchen, Germany D. Reidel Publishing Company Dordrecht-Holland/Boston-U.S.A. Published in cooperation with NATO Scientific Affairs Division Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 73-91208 [SBN-I3: 978-94-010-2[52-4 e-[SBN-I3: 978-94-0[0-2[50-0 00[: 10.[007/978-94-010-2[50-0 Published by D. Reide[ Publishing Company P.O. Box 17, Dordrecht, Holland Sold and distributed in the U.S.A., Canada, and Mexico by D. Reidel Publishing Company, Inc. 306 Dartmouth Street, Boston, Mass. 02116, U.S.A. All Rights Reserved Copyright © 1974 by D. Reidel Publishing Company, Dordrecht Softcover reprint oflbe hardcover 1st edition 1974 No part of this book may be reproduced in any form., by print, photoprint, microfilm. or any other means, without written pennission from the publisher TABLE OF CONTENTS Preface VII List of Participants IX Where is the Interstellar Medium? H.C. van de Hulst Radio Observations P.G. Mezger 9 Visible and Ultraviolet Observations of the Inter stellar Medium G.R. Carruthers 29 The Interstellar Medium in X- and Gamma Ray Astronomy C. Dilworth 69 H II Regions H.J. Habing 91 Physics of Interstellar Medium S.R. Pottasch 127 Molecules in Dense Interstellar Clouds B.J. Robinson 159 Interstellar Extinction in the Ultraviolet from Celescope Observations K. Haramundanis 185_ Ideas about the Study of Dust C.D. Andriesse 187 VI TABLE OF CONTENTS Large-Scale Distribution of Interstellar Matter in the Galaxy J. Lequeux 191 Density-Wave Theory of Spiral Structure F.H. Shu 219 Star Formation and Star Destruction F.D. Kahn. 235 The Nucleosynthesis of the Light Elements and the Interstellar Medium H. Reeves 267 PREFACE In recent years it has become apparent that con tributions to our knowledge about the interstellar medium are made by practically all forms of astronomy ranging from radio- to gamma ray observations, and from cosmic ray measurements. It was thus thought fruitful to arrange for an interdisciplinary meeting of astron omers from the various fields of investigation, and of high energy astrophysicists. This meeting took place at Schliersee (Bavaria) from April 2 to 13, 1973. Lectures and some of the discussions held during that Advanced Study Institute are reproduced here. unfortunately, no manuscripts of the two lectures about infrared and cosmic ray observations were re ceived and these are thus not available here. However, it was thought to be more important to proceed now with the publication. The organisers are very grateful to Miss H. Eichele for her technical help during the meeting. The or ganisation of the Institute and the publication of the proceedings would have been impossible without the very great efforts and help of Mrs. M. Brunner and Mrs. D.Preis. I would also like to express my gratitude to my col leagues K.W. Michel and S. Drapatz for their many con tributions towards the success of the meeting. Garching, October 10, 1973 K. Pinkau organisation: K. Pinkau, K.W. Michel, S. Drapatz Max-Planck-Institut fur Physik und Astrophysik, Institut fur extraterrestrische Physik, Garching Advisors: L. Biermann Max-Planck-Institut fur Astrophysik, Munchen R. Lust Max-Planck-Institut fur extraterrestrische Physik, Garching J. Lequeux Observatoire de Meudon P.G. Mezger Max-Planck-Institut flir Radioastronomie,Bonn M. Rees Astronomical Institute, Cambridge J. Trlimper Astronomisches Institut, Tlibingen We are very grateful to the Scientific Affairs Division of NATO and to the Max-Planck-Society for sponsorship of this conference. LIST OF PARTICIPANTS Lecturers Carruthers, G.R., Washington Dilworth, C., Milano Habing, H.J., Leiden van de Hulst, H.C., Leiden Kahn, F.D., Manchester Lequeux, J., Meudon Mezger, P.G., Bonn Pottasch, S.R., Groningen Reeves, H., Paris Shu, F.H., Stony Brook TrUmper, J., Tubingen Woolf, N.J., Minneapolis Participants Andriesse, C., Groningen Barsuhn, J .• , Bonn Beale, J.S., Genf Bedijn, P.J., Leiden Bennett, K., London Bibring, J.P., Orsay Biermann, L., Munchen Billing, H., Manchester de Boer, K.S., Groningen Bonetti, A., Firenze Brand, P., Edinburgh Bussoletti, E., Meudon Carson, P., Belfast Cavallo, G., Bologna Chaisson, E.J., Cambridge, USA Charles, P.A., Dorking di Cocco, G., Bologna da Costa, A., Manchester Danks, A.C., Mons Dickinson, G.J., Durham City Dopita, M., Manchester Drapatz, S., Garching Duin, R.M., Leiden van Duinen, R., Groningen Duraud, J.P., Orsay Elliott, K.H., Manchester Emerson, J.P., London Flower, D., Meudon Frisch, P., Chicago Froeschle, Ch., Nice x LIST OF PARTICIPANTS Gomez-Gonzales, J., Meudon van Gorkom, J.H., Groningen GrUn, E., Heidelberg Guelin, M., Meudon Haramundanis, K., Cambridge, USA Havnes, 0., Blindern Higdon, J., Los Angeles Holmes, J.A., Oxford Isobe, S., Heidelberg Israel, F.P., Leiden J~rgensen, H., Copenhagen Kaftan-Kassim, M.A., Albany Kisselbach, V.J., LindaU/Harz Lada, Ch.J., Cambridge, USA Launay, J.M., Meudon Lee, P., Baton Rouge Lee, T.J., Edinburgh Lucas, R., Meudon Macchetto, F., Frascati Mayer-HaBelwander, H.A., Garching Mebold, U., Bonn Michel, K.W., Garching Mills, R.M., Falmer Moyano, C., Garching Muzumdar, A.P., Bristol Nagarajan, S., Bruxelles Natta, A., Frascati Norman, C.A., Oxford d'Odorico, S., Asiago O'Neill, A., Falmer Panagia, N., Ithaca Payne-Gaposchkin, C., Cambridge, USA Peterson, F.W., Charlottesville Pinkau, K., Garching Poulakos, C., Athens Reina, C., Milano Robinson, B.J., Sydney Roser, H.J., Gottingen Roueff, E., Meudon SchlUter, A., Garching Schmidt, W., Garching Schonfelder, V., Garching Schwehm, G., Bochum Shukla, P., Garching Sieber, D., Bonn Smeding, A.G., Groningen Tenorio-Tagle, G., Manchester Tscharnuter, W., Gottingen Voges, W., Garching
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