The International Handbook of Suicide and Attempted Suicide

751 Pages·2000·12.805 MB·English

The International Handbook of
Suicide and Attempted Suicide
The International
Handbook of Suicide
and Attempted Suicide
Edited by
Keith Hawton
Department of Psychiatry, Oxford University, UK
and
Kees van Heeringen
Department of Psychiatry, University of Gent, Belgium
Advisory Board
Robert Goldney
Ad Kerkhof
Stephen Platt
David Shaffer
Lil Traskman-Bendz
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Reprinted November 2000
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British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is availablc from the British Library
ISBN 10: 0-471-98367-5 (HB) ISBN 13: 978-0-471-98367-5 (HB)
ISBN 10: 0-470-84959-2 (PB) ISBN 13: 978-0-470-84959-0 (PB)
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Contents
About the Editors ix
List of Contributors xi
Preface xvii
Introduction Keith Hawton and Kees van Heeringen 1
PART I UNDERSTANDING SUICIDAL BEHAVIOUR
Chapter 1 Suicide in the Western World
Christopher H, Cantor 9
Chapter 2 Suicide in Asia and the Far East
Andrew T A. Cheng and Chau-Show Lee 29
Chapter 3 Attempted Suicide: Patterns and Trends
Ad J. E M. Kerkhof 49
Chapter 4 Biological Aspects of Suicidal Behaviour
Lil Traskman-Bendz and J. John Mann 65
Chapter 5 The Psychology of Suicidal Behaviour
J. Mark G. Williams and Leslie R. Pollock 79
Chapter 6 Ethology and Suicidal Behaviour
Robert D. Goldney 95
Chapter 7 Psychiatric Aspects of Suicidal Behaviour: Depression
Jouko K. Lonnqvist 107
Chapter 8 Psychiatric Aspects of Suicidal Behaviour: Schizophrenia
Marc De Hert and Jozef Peuskens 121
Chapter 9 Psychiatric Aspects of Suicidal Behaviour:
Substance Abuse
George E. Murphy 135
vi CONTENTS
Chapter 10 Psychiatric Aspects of Suicidal Behaviour: Personality
Disorders
Marsha M.L inehan, Shireen L. Rizvi, Stacy Shaw Welch
and Benjamin Page 147
Chapter 11 Psychiatric Aspects of Suicidal Behaviour: Anxiety
Disorders
Christer Allgulander 179
Chapter 12 Sociology and Suicidal Behaviour
Unni Bille-Brahe 193
Chapter 13 The Genetics of Suicidal Behaviour
Alec Roy, David Nielsen, Gunnar Rylander and
Marco Sarchiapone 209
Chapter 14 Pathways to Suicide: an Integrative Approach
Kees van Heeringen, Keith Hawton and
J. Mark G, Williams 223
PART I1 SUICIDE AND ATTEMPTED SUICIDE IN
SPECIFIC POPULATIONS AND CIRCUMSTANCES
Chapter 15 Suicidal Behaviour in Children: an Emphasis on
Developmental Influences
Cynthia R. Pfeffer 237
Chapter 16 Adolescent Suicidal Behaviour: a General Population
Perspective
Erik Jan de Wilde 249
Chapter 17 Adolescent Suicidal Behaviour: Psychiatric Populations
Alan Apter and Ornit Freudenstein 261
Chapter 18 Suicidal Behaviour among the Elderly
Daniel Harwood and Robin Jacoby 275
Chapter 19 Sexuality, Reproductive Cycle and Suicidal Behaviour
Jose Catalan 293
Chapter 20 Suicidal Behaviour and the Labour Market
Stephen Platt and Keith Hawton 309
Chapter 21 Repetition of Suicidal Behaviour
Isaac Sakinofsky 385
Chapter 22 Physical Illness and Suicidal Behaviour
Elsebeth Nylev Stenager and Egon Stenager 405
Chapter 23 Ethical and Legal Issues
Antoon Leenaars and Colleagues 421
CONTRIBUTORS vii
Chapter 24 Suicide and Violence
Matthew K. Nock and Peter M. Marzuk 437
Chapter 25 Suicide among Psychiatric Inpatients
Manfred Wolfersdorf 457
Chapter 26 The Impact of Suicide on Relatives and Friends
Sheila E. Clark and Robert D. Goldney 467
PART 111 THE TREATMENT OF SUICIDAL BEHAVIOUR
Chapter 27 Pharmacotherapy of Suicidal Ideation and Behaviour
Robbert J. Verkes and Philip J. Cowen 487
Chapter 28 Psychotherapeutic Approaches to Suicidal Ideation and
Behaviour
Heidi L. Heard 503
Chapter 29 General Hospital Management of Suicide Attempters
Keith Hawton 519
Chapter 30 Treatment Strategies for Adolescent Suicide Attempters
Philip Hazel1 539
Chapter 31 Treatment and Prevention of Suicidal Behaviour in
the Elderly
Diego De Leo and Paolo Scocco 555
Chapter 32 Multidisciplinary Approaches to the Management of
Suicidal Behaviour
Kees van Heeringen 571
PART IV THE PREVENTION OF SUICIDE AND
A'ITEMPTED SUICIDE
Chapter 33 Prediction of Suicide and Attempted Suicide
Robert D. Goldney 585
Chapter 34 General Population Strategies of Suicide Prevention
Rachel Jenkins and Bruce Singh 597
Chapter 35 Prevention of Suicide in Psychiatric Patients
Louis Appleby 617
Chapter 36 Approaches to Suicide Prevention in Asia and
the Far East
R. Srinivasa Murthy 631
Chapter 37 Suicide Prevention in Schools
David Shaffer and Madelyn Gould 645
Chapter 38 Suicide Prevention and Primary Care
Konrad Michel 661
...
Vlll CONTENTS
Chapter 39 The Role of Mass Media in Suicide Prevention
Armin Schmidtke and Sylvia Schaller 675
Chapter 40 Volunteers and Suicide Prevention
Vanda Scott and Simon Armson 699
Chapter 41 Future Perspectives
Keith Hawton and Kees van Heeringen 713
Author Index 725
Subject Index 74 1
About the Editors
Keith Hawton is Professor of Psychiatry at Oxford University and Consultant
Psychiatrist to Oxford Mental Healthcare Trust at the Warneford Hospital in
Oxford. He is Director of the Centre for Suicide Research at Oxford University
Department of Psychiatry, where he is responsible for a broad programme of
interdisciplinary research concerning the causes, treatment and prevention of
suicidal behaviour. The work of Professor Hawton and his research team has
particularly focused on suicidal behaviour in young people, the epidemiology of
attempted suicide, specific occupations and other groups at risk of suicide, media
influences on suicidal behaviour, and the development and evaluation of treat-
ments for suicide attempters. He is a member of the International Academy for
Suicide Research, the International Association for Suicide Prevention, the
American Academy of Suicidology and the American Foundation for Suicide
Prevention. In 1995 the International Association for Suicide Prevention
presented him with the Stengel Research Award for his research on suicide
prevention.
Kees van Heeringen is Professor of Psychiatry at the University of Gent, Chef
de Clinique at the Department of Psychiatry of the University Hospital of Gent,
and Director of the Unit for Suicide Research at the University of Gent, Belgium.
He has carried out research on suicidal behaviour for many years in local,
national and international projects and acts as a consultant for the development
of national and international suicide prevention programmes. His research inter-
ests are the epidemiology of suicidal behaviour and the study of the relationship
between psychological and biological characteristics in the development of
suicidal behaviour.
List of Contributors
Christer Allgulander, Karolinska Institute, Neurotec, Department of
Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Psychiatry, M57, Huddinge University
Hospital, S-141 86 Huddinge, Sweden
Louis Appleby, School of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, Withing-
ton Hospital, West Didsbury, Manchester M20 8LR, UK
Alan Apter, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Sackler
School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Geha Hospital, PO Box 102,
Petach Tikva 49100, Israel
Simon Armson, The Samaritans, 10 The Grove, Slough, Berkshire SLl
lQ8 UK
Unni Bille-Brahe, Unitf or Suicidological Research, Tietgens Allt 108,5230
Odense M, Denmark
Christopher H. Cantor, Australian Institute for Suicide Research and
Prevention, Grifith University, Nathan, Queensland 41 11, Australia
Jose Catalan, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine,
University of London, Psychological Medicine Unit, Chelsea and West-
minster Hospital, 369 Fulham Road, London SWlO, UK
Andrew T. A. Cheng, Division of Epidemiology and Public Health, Insti-
tute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
Sheila E. Clark, Department of General Practice, University of Adelaide,
Adelaide 5005, South Australia
xii CONTRIBUTORS
John Connolly, St Mary’s Hospital, Castlebar, Ireland
Philip J. Cowen, Psychopharmacology Research Unit, University of
Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford OX3 7JX, UK
Marc De Hert, University Centre St Jozej Leuvensesteenweg 51 7, B-3070
Kortenberg, Belgium
Diego De Leo, Australian Institute for Suicide Research and Prevention,
GrifJith University, Nathan, Brisbane, Queensland 41 11, Australia
Erik Jan de Wilde, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Depart-
ment of Clinical and Health Psychology, Leiden University, Pieter de la
Court Building, Wassenaarseweg 52, PO Box 9555,2300 RB Leiden, The
Netherlands
Marlene EchoHawk, Alcoholism and Substance Abuse Program, Indian
Health Service, Headquarters West, 5300 Homestead Road, Albuquerque,
NM 87110. USA
Ornit Freudenstein, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry,
Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Geha Psychiatric
Hospital, PO Box 120, Petach Tikva 49100, Israel
Danute Gailiene, University of Vilnius, Traidenio 27, 2004 Vilnius,
Lithuania
Robert D. Goldney, The Adelaide Clinic, 33 Park Terrace, Gilberton,
South Australia 5081, and Department of .Psychiatry, University of
Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
Madelyn Gould, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons
and School of Public Health, and New York State Psychiatric Institute, PI
Annex, 722 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA
Daniel Harwood, Section of Old Age Psychiatry, University Department
of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, Oxford OX3 7JX, UK
Keith Hawton, Centre for Suicide Research, University Department of
Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, Oxford OX3 7JX, UK