The International Atlas of Mars Exploration: Volume 1, 1953 to 2003: The First Five Decades

384 Pages·2012·47.028 MB·English

by  Philip J. Stooke

Missions and events – chronological list
Mars 1979: Viking Rovers 169
1980s: Mars 1984 Rover/Penetrator Mission 172
Mars at the Dawn of the Space Age page 1 1987: Sample Return Planning 178
1950s and 1960s: Humans to Mars: Early Thoughts 4 1980s: Mars Rover Sample Return 181
1959: Robotic Mission Planning at JPL 8 7 July 1988: Phobos 1 192
10 October 1960: Mars 1960A 8 12 July 1988: Phobos 2 192
14 October 1960: Mars 1960B 8 1990s: Vesta/Mars-Aster 195
24 October 1962: Sputnik 22 8 1990s: Mars Science Working Group 195
1 November 1962: Mars 1 9 1990: Mars Landing Site Catalog 196
4 November 1962: Sputnik 24 9 1990s: Hubble Space Telescope 196
1963: Voyager 9 1990s: Mars Network Mission Plans 204
5 November 1964: Mariner 3 12 Early ESA Network 204
28 November 1964: Mariner 4 12 Mars Global Network Mission 204
30 November 1964: Zond 2 18 MESUR 222
18 July 1965: Zond 3 18 Marsnet 225
1968: Mars Hard Lander Capsule Study 18 Intermarsnet 228
25 February 1969: Mariner 6 20 Micro-Meteorological Network 230
27 March 1969: Mariner 7 21 1990s: Future Exploration Studies 233
27 March 1969: Mars 1969A 25 1992: Mars Rover Reference Mission 237
2 April 1969: Mars 1969B 25 25 September 1992: Mars Observer 238
1960s: Earth-Based Topographic Mapping 25 1990s: Mars Discovery Missions 238
8 May 1971: Mariner 8 29 1994: Mars 94 241
10 May 1971: Cosmos 419 29 1995: Exobiology Site Study 243
19 May 1971: Mars 2 29 7 November 1996: Mars Global Surveyor 247
28 May 1971: Mars 3 31 1996: Marsokhod International Mission 250
30 May 1971: Mariner 9 33 16 November 1996: Mars 96 250
21 July 1973: Mars 4 39 Mars Pathfinder Landing Site Selection 253
25 July 1973: Mars 5 45 4 December 1996: Mars Pathfinder 253
5 August 1973: Mars 6 45 1997: Mars Reference Mission 275
9 August 1973: Mars 7 52 1998: Mars 98 285
Viking Landing Site Selection 52 3 July 1998: Nozomi (Planet-B) 287
Viking 1 Site Certification 66 24 October 1998: Deep Space 1 288
20 August 1975: Viking 1 74 11 December 1998: Mars Climate Orbiter 288
Viking 2 Site Certification 117 Mars Polar Lander Landing Site Selection 289
9 September 1975: Viking 2 124 3 January 1999: Mars Polar Lander 289
1970s: Pioneer Mars 164 3 January 1999: Deep Space 2 290
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The International Atlas of Mars
Exploration
The First Five Decades
Volume 1: 1953 to 2003
Covering the first five decades of the exploration of Mars,
this atlas is the most detailed visual reference available.
A wealth of information from diverse sources is brought
together for the first time, featuring annotated maps,
photographs, tables and detailed descriptions of every
Mars mission in chronological order, from the dawn of the
Space Age to Mars Express. Special attention is given to
landing site selection, including some missions that were
planned but never flew. Phobos and Deimos, the tiny
moons of Mars, are covered in a separate section.
Contemporary maps reveal our improving knowledge of
the planet’s surface through the latter half of the twentieth
century. Written in nontechnical language, this atlas is a
unique resource for anyone interested in planetary
sciences, the history of space exploration and cartography,
whatever their background, whereas the detailed
bibliography and chart data are especially useful for
academic researchers and students.
philip j. stooke is a cartographer and imaging expert
at the University of Western Ontario, whose interest in
mapping the Moon and planets began during the Apollo
missions. He has developed novel methods for mapping
asteroids, and many of his asteroid maps are now
accessible from NASA’s Planetary Data System. He has
studied spacecraft locations on the Moon and Mars,
especially attempting to locate Viking 2 on Mars. He is the
author of many papers and articles on planetary mapping,
planetary geology and the history of cartography and
planetary science. His book The International Atlas of
Lunar Exploration was published by Cambridge
University Press in 2008.

The International Atlas
of Mars Exploration
The First Five Decades
Volume 1: 1953 to 2003
philip j. stooke
University of Western Ontario
cambridge university press
Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town,
Singapore, São Paulo, Delhi, Mexico City
Cambridge University Press
32 Avenue of the Americas, New York , NY 10013-2473, USA
www.cambridge.org
Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9780521765534
© Philip J. Stooke 2012
This publication is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception
and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements,
no reproduction of any part may take place without the written
permission of Cambridge University Press.
First published 2012
Printed in the United States of America
A catalog record for this publication is available from the British Library.
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
Stooke, Philip.
The international atlas of mars exploration : the first five decades : volume 1: 1953 to 2003 / Philip Stooke.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-0-521-76553-4 (hardback)
1. Mars (Planet) – Remote-sensing maps. 2. Mars (Planet) – Exploration. 3. Mars (Planet) – Maps.
4. Space flight to Mars – Maps. 5. Space flight to Mars – History. I. Title.
G1000.5.M3A4S8 2012
912.99′23–dc23 2012007339
ISBN 978-0-521-76553-4 Hardback
Cambridge University Press has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy of
URLs for external or third-party Internet websites referred to in this publication and
does not guarantee that any content on such websites is, or will remain, accurate or
appropriate.
Time and time again I repeat, “It’s incredible.” And
it truly is. Nothing before or after can compare. It is
transparent, brilliant, boundless. An explorer would
understand. We have stood on the surface of Mars.
Thomas A. Mutch

Contents
Missions and events – chronological list pageviii
Foreword by Matt Golombek xi
Preface and acknowledgements xiii
1 Chronological sequence of missions and events 1
2 Phobos and Deimos 325
3 Mars mission data 344
Bibliography 347
I ndex 357
vii