The Innermost Kernel: Depth Psychology and Quantum Physics. Wolfgang Pauli’s Dialogue with C.G. Jung PDF
Preview The Innermost Kernel: Depth Psychology and Quantum Physics. Wolfgang Pauli’s Dialogue with C.G. Jung
TheInnermostKernel Suzanne Gieser The Innermost Kernel Depth Psychology and Quantum Physics. Wolfgang Pauli’s Dialogue with C.G. Jung With29Figuresand4Tables 123 Dr.SuzanneGieser Timmermansgränd1 11865Stockholm,Sweden RevisedversionofdoctoralthesisforthedegreeoffilosofiedoktoratUppsalaUniversity,1996:Gieser,S.,1995.Den innerstakärnan.Djuppsykologiochkvantfysik:WolfgangPauli’sdialogmedC.G.Jung.Institutionenföridé-och lärdomshistoria,UppsalaUniversitet,Skrifter,No.15,450pp.Uppsala. ISBN91-506-1140-2 LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2004113652 ISBN3-540-20856-9 SpringerBerlinHeidelbergNewYork Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.Allrightsarereserved,whetherthewholeorpartofthematerialisconcerned, specificallytherightsoftranslation,reprinting,reuseofillustrations,recitation,broadcasting,reproductionon microfilmorinanyotherway,andstorageindatabanks.Duplicationofthispublicationorpartsthereofispermitted onlyundertheprovisionsoftheGermanCopyrightLawofSeptember9,1965,initscurrentversion,andpermissionfor usemustalwaysbeobtainedfromSpringer-Verlag.ViolationsareliableforprosecutionundertheGermanCopyright Law. SpringerisapartofSpringerScience+BusinessMedia springeronline.com ©Springer-VerlagBerlinHeidelberg2005 PrintedinGermany Theuseofgeneraldescriptivenames,registerednames,trademarks,etc.inthispublicationdoesnotimply,evenin theabsenceofaspecificstatement,thatsuchnamesareexemptfromtherelevantprotectivelawsandregulationsand thereforefreeforgeneraluse. Productionandtypesetting:LE-TEXJelonek,Schmidt&VöcklerGbR,Leipzig Coverproduction:ErichKirchner,Heidelberg Printedonacid-freepaper 55/3141/YL-543210 ToLars-Göran,SebastianandDaniel Preface Tosumup,Ishouldliketosaythatitseemsthatthere mustbeverydeepconnectionsbetweensoulandmatter and, hence,between the physics and the psychology of thefuture,whicharenotyetconceptuallyexpressedin modernscience.[–––]Suchdeepconnectionsmustsurely exist,becauseotherwisethehumanmindwouldnotbe abletodiscoverconceptswhichfitnatureatall. PaulitoRalphKönig,10Mar.1946. I ntheautumnof1986IreadRobertS.Westman’sexcellentessayNature,Art, andPsyche:Jung,Pauli,andtheKepler-FluddPolemic.1 Init,heexpresses surprise at the failure of anyone to ask why the physicist Wolfgang Pauli wroteascience-historyessaycouchedinJungianlanguage.Whyhasnobody wondered what sort of terms Pauli was on with Jung? Later in the essay, Westman says that at first sight Jung’s writings must appear enormously interestingandrelevanttoahistorianofideasandscience. I myself had been very interested in the new perspectives on man and on the nature of human knowledge that developed around the turn of the century and during the inter-war period. Around this time, our view of man was changed by the emerging depth psychology and our view of the world by modern physics. I found it particularly intriguing that there had been points of contact between these two disciplines. Many of the physi- cists who are regarded as pioneers of modern physics also took an inter- est at that time in epistemology and psychology. As I had had a particular interest in the psychology of C.G. Jung since 1981, Robert Westman’s re- marks gave me both encouragement and inspiration. Without more ado, I wrote to him asking whether he had any more information on the rela- tionshipbetweenPauliandJung.Hequicklyreplied,referringmetoArmin Hermann and thus to the publication, just about to take place, of Pauli’s collected scientific correspondence – and to the person chiefly responsi- ble for it, Karl von Meyenn. Meyenn was at this time at the University of Barcelona and immediately invited me to visit and study the material. 1RobertS.Westman,‘Nature,Art,andPsyche:Jung,PauliandtheKeplerFluddPolemic’,Occult andScientificMentalitiesintheRenaissance,ed.BrianVickers(London,1984),177ff. VIII Withouthishelp,supportandencouragement, thiswork wouldneverhave beenpossible. So in the autumn of 1987 I sat in a Jesuit monastery on the outskirts ofBarcelona,readingPauli’scorrespondence.Mostofitconcernedphysics, but there were letters here and there whichdealt with Pauli’s philosophical interests. I felt a thrill of excitement at these letters. In one of them, Pauli related that he had written on a certain subject to Jung. My heart leapt: could there be a correspondence between Pauli and Jung? I wrote to C.G. Jung’s estate and its then administrator,Dr Lorenz Jung, and in due course received the reply that such a correspondence had indeed been preserved and that it was filed in the archives of ETH (the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology)inZürich.Hegavemespecialpermissiontoreadtheseletters, which at the time were still medically confidential. In the summer of 1988, with the aid of a grant from the John and Johanna H˚akansson Benevolent Fund,IwasabletogotoZürich.WorkingamongtheETHhistoryofscience collectionsatthattimewasDrBeatGlaus.Icannotfindthesuperlativesto dojusticetothefriendliness,helpfulnessandenthusiasmheshowedonmy numerousvisitstothearchive.Itwastonosmallextentduetohiseffortsthat IwasabletogetintouchwithAnielaJafféshortlybeforeherdeath.Shehad beenJung’ssecretaryformanyyearsand–itturnedout–hadanextensive correspondencewithPauli.ItbecameapparentthatPauli’scorrespondence onthesubjectofthepsychologyofC.G.Jungwasverysubstantial.Alsofiled attheETHwasacorrespondencebetweenPauliandJung’scolleagueMarie- LouisevonFranz,andatCERNinGenevatherewerethelettersexchanged betweenPauliandhiserstwhileassistantMarkusFierz,dealinglargelywith psychologicalandphilosophicaltopics.OnmyvisitstotheCERNarchiveI havealwaysreceivedguidancefromDrRoswithaRahmy.Shehasalsobeenof greatassistanceinmyinvestigationsinPauli’sliteraryandscientificlibrary, whichispreservedinLaSallePauli.IalsowishtothankMarkusFierz,Res Jost,Marie-LouisevonFranz,C.A.MeierandFranzJungfortakingthetime toanswermyquestionsconcerningtherelationshipbetweenPauliandJung. It was now understood that I was going to write about the relationship betweenPauliandJung,withthelettersasastartingpoint.Butthiswasgoing torequireme,asaconfirmedhumanist,topenetratealittledeeperintothe worldofphysics.IwasstillvacillatingnervouslywhenSvanteLindqvist,atthe DepartmentofHistoryofScienceandTechnologyatKTH(theRoyalInstitute ofTechnology)inStockholm,startedtourgemeon.Hispersonalityandhis practicalandmoralsupportmadethewholeenterpriseseemlessdaunting. Since myarrival at theDepartment of Historyof Science in Uppsala I have Preface IX received support and encouragement from people too numerous all to be mentionedhere.HoweverIshouldliketogiveparticularlyheartfeltthanksto ProfessorToreFrängsmyr,whoshowsrealconcernforhisdoctoralstudents and who has given me the benefit of his practical and factual knowledge throughout. In addition I should like to thank everybody at the Center for History of Science at the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, especially ChristerWijkström,whohasalwaysfoundthetimetoorderbooksforme. IamindebtedtotheNielsBohrArchiveinCopenhagenforobliginghelpin connectionwiththecorrespondenceofNielsBohr.Iamgratefulforvaluable discussionswithHansPrimasandUlrichMüller-HeroldatETH,CharlesEnz at the University of Geneva and LarsSöderholm at KTH. For help with the EnglishtranslationIwishtothankBernardVowles. For the practical production of this book I should like also to thank the Hierta-Retzius Scholarship Fund and the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation.TheEnglishtranslationhasbeenproducedwiththeaidofgrants fromtheSwedishCouncilforResearchintheHumanitiesandSocialSciences andtheAndersKaritzFoundation. Finally I should thank the most important person of all: my life com- panionLars-GöranEriksson,whosepatienceandwiderangeofknowledge, particularly concerning C.G. Jung, has made him an invaluable partner in discussion. StockholminMarch2004 SuzanneGieser Contents 1 IntroductiontoWolfgangPauli’sDialoguewithC.G.Jung 1 TheMaterial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 2 WolfgangPauli,theCopenhagenSchoolandPhilosophy 11 BiographicalSketch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 AChildofHisTime:Fin-de-siècleVienna . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 ArthurSchopenhauer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 ErnstMachandtheDeconstructionofLanguage . . . . . . . . . 42 NielsBohrandtheCopenhagenSchool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 3 TheCopenhagenSchoolandPsychology 91 PascualJordan:RadicalPositivism,PsychologyandParapsychology 94 NielsBohrandPsychology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 NielsBohrandC.G.Jung . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111 C.GJungandWilliamJames . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 TheEpistemologicalTheoriesofJungandBohr . . . . . . . . . . 120 Bohr,PauliandtheUnconscious . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126 TheDetachedObserver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131 RationalandIrrational . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136 4 PauliandJung 141 Pauli’sLifeCrisis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 Pauli,JungandScience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155 Complementarity,SymmetryandtheCosmicOrder . . . . . . . . 170 Kepler,FluddandtheWorldSoul . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179 Trinity,QuaternityandtheMandala . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184 Alchemy,BackgroundPhysicsandConceptFormation . . . . . . 198 Spirit,NatureandArchetype . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213 JungasPositivist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218 Symmetries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227 ConsciousnessasaRelease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231 XII Contents 5 IncarnationandQuantumPhysics 247 Science,ReligionandMysticism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250 Parmenidesv.Heraclitus,Einsteinv.Bohr . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259 TheRealityoftheSymbol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 268 Synchronicity:Jung’sSpiritualTestament . . . . . . . . . . . . . 273 UniqueCreation:Biology,AutomorphismandMathematics . . . 299 BrokenSymmetries,theChineseRevolution andtheWorldFormula . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319 6 SummaryandConcludingRemarks 335 ListofFigures 349 ListofTables 350
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