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The Injustices of Rape: How Activists Responded to Sexual Violence, 1950–1980 PDF

271 Pages·2019·7.505 MB·English
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The Injustices of Rape Gender and American Culture Coeditors Thadious M. Davis Mary Kelley Editorial Advisory Board Nancy Cott Jane Sherron De Hart John D’Emilio Linda K. Kerber Annelise Orleck Nell Irvin Painter Janice Radway Robert Reid- Pharr Noliwe Rooks Barbara Sicherman Cheryl Wall Emerita Board Members Cathy N. Davidson Sara Evans Annette Kolodny Wendy Martin Guided by feminist and antiracist perspectives, this series examines the construction and influence of gender and sexuality within the full range of Amer i ca’s cultures. Investigating in deep context the ways in which gender works with and against such markers as race, class, and region, the series pre sents outstanding interdisciplinary scholarship, including works in history, literary studies, religion, folklore, and the visual arts. In so doing, Gender and American Culture seeks to reveal how identity and community are shaped by gender and sexuality. A complete list of books published in Gender and American Culture is available at www . uncpress . org. catherine o. jacquet The Injustices of Rape How Activists Responded to Sexual Vio lence, 1950–1980 The University of North Carolina Press C hapel Hill © 2019 The University of North Carolina Press All rights reserved Set in Arno Pro by Westchester Publishing Ser vices Manufactured in the United States of Amer i ca The University of North Carolina Press has been a member of the Green Press Initiative since 2003. Library of Congress Cataloging- in- Publication Data Names: Jacquet, Catherine, author. Title: The injustices of rape : how activists responded to sexual vio lence, 1950–1980 / Catherine O. Jacquet. Other titles: Gender & American culture. Description: Chapel Hill : University of North Carolina Press, [2019] | Series: Gender and American culture | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: lccn 2019011572 | isbn 9781469653853 (cloth : alk. paper) | isbn 9781469653860 (pbk : alk. paper) | isbn 9781469653877 (ebook) Subjects: lcsh: Rape— Law and legislation— United States— History— 20th  century. | Racism in criminology—U nited States— History— 20th  century. | Human rights workers— United States— History— 20th  century. Classification: lcc hv6561 .j33 2019 | ddc 364.15/32097309045— dc23 lc rec ord available at https: / / lccn . loc . gov / 2019011572 Portions of this book have been previously published in a dif er ent form. Chapter 2 includes material from “The Giles- Johnson Case and the Changing Politics of Sexual Vio lence in the 1960s United States,” Journal of Women’s History 25, no. 3 (Fall 2013): 188–211. Reprinted with permission by Johns Hopkins University Press. Chapters 3 and 4 include material from “Fighting Back, Claiming Power: Feminist Rhe toric and the Re sis tance to Rape in the 1970s,” Radical History Review 126 (October 2016): 71–83. Copyright © 2016 MARHO: The Radical Historians Organization, Inc. All rights reserved. Republished by permission of the copyright holder, and the present publisher, Duke University Press (http://www.dukeupress.edu) For Susan Porter Benson Contents Acknowl edgments xi Abbreviations in the Text xvii Introduction 1 chapter one Rape and the Law in the Mid- Twentieth- Century United States 14 chapter two Rape as Racial Injustice: Confronting Interracial Rape in the Black Freedom Movement 39 chapter three Rape Is a Po liti cal Crime against Women: An Emerging Feminist Analy sis of Rape 75 chapter four Defining the Injustices of Rape in the Joan Little Rape- Murder Case 109 chapter five The Challenges of Antirape Activism in the 1970s 133 chapter six Rape and the Law in the Late 1970s 1 60 Epilogue 187 Notes 193 Bibliography 227 Index 2 39 Figures 1 Three of the Groveland Four 49 2 Giles- Johnson Defense Committee newspaper ad 64 3 New York Radical Feminists’ speak- out on rape poster 82 4 “Disarm Rapists, Smash Sexism” poster 93 5 Joan Little supporters 110 6 “Justice Wanted for JoAnne Little” poster 126 7 Washington Post page with articles on James Giles and Susan Brownmiller 134

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