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The Indians of California (The American Indians) PDF

200 Pages·1999·33.467 MB·English
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1 *«THE Indians or California The Native Americans ^ '— $18.95USA $24.95Canada Indians or California There will be all kinds offood wherebythepeoplewillbehealthy. Thesepeople willhavegoodinten- tions... Theywillplan many things. Theywillbefallofknowledge. Porno Indian Creation Legend Along the Pacific Coast a rich tapestry ofNative American cultures lived in har- monyoffthe bounty ofthe land. Thisbooktells the storyofthese extra- ordinary peoples whose adaptation to theirenvironment made thema seamless part ofnature. In the sixteenth century, an estimated 300,000 Indians flourished west of the Rockies. The earliest inhabitants had de- veloped six basic language groups. Bythe modern era there were over 90 distinct languages, each subdivided into several dialects. Although entire tribes restricted their movements to perhaps a few hundred acres, there was ample food: fish from the seaand itstributaries,deerinthehills,and avastarrayofroots,berries,and othered- ible plants. The shrewd but simple agri- culture of the California Natives earned them the name "Digger" from whites for their practice of planting and cultivating the rich soil with a simple stick. With the arrival of the Spanish came Christianity. Atti. by the missionar- ies' offerings of ^ 1 glass beads, Indians were taken missions as neophytes, the firststep ath to full conversion. Mission life had its price: dis- ease, disruption, and harsh discipline. lians fleeing the friars were pursued by ^ish soldierswho rounded up anyna- ^vcould find to replenish the ranks ^n workers. n Spanish authorities secularized backflap.) ) RlvxI= ^C^iwnv^ pj^^^^tek Amm\ $MQ\*&3f/J o*»?2oi/<i^^r) > ^i^SH" jKM CD ,*h«ji /*¥*ffislz. MBC64 l\uiKwwy/ \{1£M If. £3 BOSTON PUBLIC LIBRARY I I T w th of m or th P< 3( R( ve m la di m ac se a' ib ci th th th CI ie In ru cc In THE INDIANS OF CALIFORNIA I BR BR REF E78 .C15 1352 1994 TIME BOOKS OtherPublications: JOURNEYTHROUGHTHEMINDANDBODY WEIGHTWATCHERS-SMARTCHOICERECIPECOLLECTION TRUECRIME THEARTOFWOODWORKING LOSTCIVILIZATIONS ECHOESOFGLORY THENEWFACEOFWAR HOWTHINGSWORK WINGSOFWAR CREATIVEEVERYDAYCOOKING COLLECTOR'SLIBRARYOFTHEUNKNOWN CLASSICSOFWORLDWARII TIME-LIFELIBRARYOFCURIOUSANDUNUSUALFACTS AMERICANCOUNTRY VOYAGETHROUGHTHEUNIVERSE THETHIRDREICH THETIME-LIFEGARDENER'SGUIDE MYSTERIESOFTHEUNKNOWN TIMEFRAME FIXITYOURSELF FITNESS,HEALTH&NUTRITION SUCCESSFULPARENTING HEALTHYHOMECOOKING UNDERSTANDINGCOMPUTERS LIBRARYOFNATIONS THEENCHANTEDWORLD THEKODAKLIBRARYOFCREATIVEPHOTOGRAPHY GREATMEALSINMINUTES THECIVILWAR PLANETEARTH COLLECTOR'SLIBRARYOFTHECIVILWAR THEEPICOFFLIGHT THEGOODCOOK WORLDWAR II HOMEREPAIRANDIMPROVEMENT THEOLDWEST Forinformationonandalulldestription<)JanyoftheTimeLifeBooks strictlistedabove,pleasecallI 800-621 702borwrite ReaderInformation Time LifeCustomerService P.O.BoxC-32068 Richmond,Virginia23261-2068 Thisvolumeisoneofaseriesthatchroniclesthehisto- ryandcultureoftheNativeAmericans Otherbooksin theseriesinclude: THEFIRSTAMERICANS REALMOFTHEIROQUOIS THESPIRITWORLD THEMIGHTYCHIEFTAINS THEEUROPEANCHALLENGE KEEPERSOFTHETOTEM PEOPLEOFTHEDESERT CYCLESOFLIFE THEWAYOFTHEWARRIOR WARFORTHEPLAINS THEBUFFALOHUNTERS TRIBESOFTHESOUTHERNWOODLANDS TheCover:AboyofcentralCalifornia'sNisenanpeople wearstraditionalemblemsofprosperityandspirit power,includingaheadbandfashionedofwoodpecker feathersandagorgetmadeofabaloneshell.When thispicturewastakenabout 1870,therichcultureof thenativeCalifomianswasbeingthreatenedbyan onslaughtofwhiteimmigrants THE AMERICAN INDIANS THE INDIANS OF CALIFORNIA by THE EDITORS of TIME-LIFE BOOKS ALEXANDRIA, VIRGINIA BRIGHTON Time-LifeBooksisadivisionofTIMELIFEINC. THE AMERICAN INDIANS GeneralConsultants PEDRIETSOIRD-EINN-TCaHnIdEFC:EJOo:hJnoLh.nPMa.paFnaehkeyJr. ASdEmRiInEisStrEaDtIiTvOeRE:ditHoern:rJyanWeooEddwhienad atLtheoetrhDeaanUvdniisevdeiisrtsAoisrtsyoifsotfsaeNnvetebrPraralosfpkeuasb.sloiDcrra.otfDioaAnvnsit,sharismoptohonelgoaguy- TIME-LIFE BOOKS EditorialStaffforTheIndiansofCalifornia dtihaehmS"mLiotchattihnrgouthgehLHiuvpeaMuTesreriutmo,ry",""TarnadckGionignJgede- EDMixAreeNccuAttoGirvIeoNfAGiPthEoDDitrIoeTgcOrtoRar:p.hREyolablenenrdtRRaoebsCleoiannrlgcahn: SPRTieeicxncttihuoEarrdreiAdErtsdtooirnDtioSr(rtepecrJtipaonhnrceesi:npCaDlGo)a.ulgHeyhsProlalonlpekoff,Cynthia fHhoaornvmieea:.apHRpeeetrauarrrnetidincglienCstuohletnuWrtaohlerlMMdaatBieordiouaklasEnntdcoyPNcoaltroinpveoediICana.dlii-ans SJDDlHiiaeoerrnnhneeeinrcctoyttCrCoooEWarrndvoooireotff,aodETdrdeLhsic:eWetheoeaRnriuoHdissalaselsoersgOliyplg:e,rBEaRitoAlibedoeenanrsmt.BsrSPaorJrmdu.e,ldreDevyanillceleeM.G..BHrarorwins, AAASMAsssecnsssnCniioiaesscortttirtaatannhetWttyreiS,AEtEcrdedaKtirirat:DptoriiorSertr/tntesReac/epMtRshooeearnsankerSiacsuerh,sc-LhaWRerno-wiWbitrMeiis.rtntigGn:iHg.:baWMsoaorlydrHiedlgeenaJr. cssDmlreoooe.vmwrueDmemraauatvtnloithifsahat'tdensihvNeei5eessx0Aowtmhrtbeearyneirssbrciierioscvny.meavmSnLofihilitIbeventreldaehddiraewayaossnracbakiontenldieltnWnahhaCbeasaaoslNhrriaiasfettneosiigrreootvnannoieraandwcl,ihIoMtnDnfhudeCil-.-an LPVNViiiRabccEnreeaScrPPIyyrrD:eeKEss.LiiNoddJTeeuo:nninttsJe,,esoDNhDine.rweFDco.tProsrHtraoaldolluflcMtarDkeevteilnogp.ment: SPEABdieenicntnttitoueyorrrieHFa.CalCoioWAproseysreaiddtsiihtntaeaonrtrtols:re:sGy:AenDmnamvLiaedeVBiBelralruaden,nue(vparincipal), MIDCFnrcradeNmidiHpaecoarnxkiiilacgteekntiCEths.eoetnHAhtNoseeexsriiwamuebfitoelirhrsaotrtdrheyierotLefrHiiciAebtsroItFraniordnoryiafyalitnonPhsfrCeto1hhDmi8eiAc8sa0rAeg-mc:o1ey.9Tr2hi0ecaannd PNVeriicoleduKPcrategisiaodnnenMta,naBgoeork.PMraordulcetnieonZ:aMcakrjannCaldwell STDpahenociiemalalss,CoMLnaetwgriigsbi,uetLoDyredsbi:ealGiPeuroser.sgtMeoanCr,ofnDesatvFaiebdrlgeSu.,sToGhneooDmresgloeannG,o, otttrohtiehbteehSrsee,wnCtoahhrteekeysL.eiStentHllneeeecBthRiaCigsvoHemsromerrianvntedtCdeoSleatlsaoengandehiIainnrsgdctihoRaironvyceAcskfo,fnSaasiinurolsdutxaHnet C(therxits);tiMaanrKtihnaneLye,eKBaetchkyinWgitsonm,arBa(rrbeaseraarcFhl)e;ming, icsaantIrnudsitaeneionfWtahsehNiantgitoonna,lDMCu.seumoftheAmeri- BarbaraL.Klein(index). Correspondents ElisabethKraemer-Singh(Bonn), AlbertLHurtadoisAssociateProfessorandDirec- ChristineHinze(London),ChristinaLieberman torofGraduateStudiesintheDepartmentof (NaNteawnYsoornk)(,RMoamrei)aVVialnucaebnlzeaaAslsoiisstia(nPcaeriws)a,sAnalnso aHinsdtotreyacathiAnrgiiznotneareSsttasteinUcnliuvdeersAimtye.riHicsanreIsnedairacnh providedby BarbaraGeveneHertz (Copenhagen), history,theHispanicandAmericanSouthwest, T(rMiomscBoawn)d,reDasn(iMealdrDiodn)n,eClloyns(tNaenwceYoRrikc).hards SaauunrtdvhioAvrmaleorfoinmcatahnneyfCrapolunibtflioiercrnaithaiiosFntroson,rtyiaeDmr.ronHHegurwttahasedmoawIisnadtrihdaeend theRayA.BillingtonPrizeforAmericanFrontier Historyin 1989andhasalsobeenarecipientof theHerbertBoltonAwardinSpanishBorderlands History Heisahistoricalconsultantforthe HoopaValleyTribe. © 1994TimeLifeInc Allrightsreserved.Nopart SpecialConsultant ofthisbookmaybereproducedinanyformorby LowellJohnBeanisProfessorEmeritusofAnthro- anyelectronic 01 mechanicalmeans,includingin- pologyatCaliforniaStateUniversityatHayward. formationstorageandretrievaldevicesorsys- Heisawidelypublishedauthorandeditorwhose tems,withoutpriorwrittenpermission fromthe worksincludeCaliforniaIndiansShamanismand publisher,exceptthatbriefpassagesmaybequot- Mukat'sPeople TheCahuillaIndiansofSouthern edforreviews. California. Dr.BeanisalsocoauthorofTemalpakti: Firstprinting PrintedinUSA. CahuillaKnowledgeandUsesofPlants, TheCahuilla PublishedsimultaneouslyinCanada. Landscape:TheSantaRosaandSanJacintoMoun- Schoolandlibrarydistribution by rime Life tains,andcoeditorofNativeCalifomians:ATheo- Education,P.O.Box85026,Richmond,Virginia reticalRetrospective InhisassociationwithCultur- 23285-5026. alSystemsResearchinMenloPark,Dr Beanhas directedmanyethnographicalandarchaeological rime LifeisatrademarkolTimeWarnerInc.U.S.A. studies.HeisafounderandmemberoftheBoard ofTrusteesoftheMalkiMuseumontheMorongo IndianReservation LibraryofCongressCataloginginPublicationData ihe IndiansolCalifornia bytheeditorsofTime ->oks. p. cm - (TheAmericanIndians) Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex ISBN0-8094-9587-2 1 IndiansofNorthAmerica-California. I Time IMeBooks II Series E78CI5I352 1994 94-4835 979.4'00497'-dc20 CIP CONTENTS DWELLERS IN A LAND Of PLENTY 18 THE IMPACT OF THE MISSIONS 84 CULTURES IN A STRUGGLE TO SURVIVE 136 ESSAYS A GIFT FROM THE SKY CHIEF 6 RENEWING THE WORLD 58 THE ESSENTIAL ART OF BASKETRY 70 EXILE FOR THE CUPENO 126 INSPIRED BY DANCE 179 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 186 BIBLIOGRAPHY 186 PICTURECREDITS 187 INDEX 188 i MajesticMountShastahaslongbeensacred tonativepeoplesoftheregion,suchasthe ModocandAchumawi,whooccupiedthe plateaustretchingeastwardfromthelong- dormantvolcano.Achumawislikethemoth- eratrighttoldtheirchildrenofwondrous placesonMountShasta,includingaspring, thatharboredthetearsofalldeer,sothatno deerwouldcryinanguishwhenitwastaken byhuntersseekingfoodorclothing.

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