The Indian Drum of the King-God and the Pakhavaj of Nathdwara PDF
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The Indian Drum of the King-God and ā the Pakh vaj of Nathdwara The book studies the evolution of the ancient drum mṛdaṅga into the pakhāvaj, crossing more than 2,000 years of history. While focusing on the Nathdwara school of pakhāvaj, the author joins ethnographic, historical, religious and iconographic perspectives to argue a multifaceted interpret- ation of the role and function of the pakhāvaj in royal courts, temples and contemporary stages. Furthermore, he offers the first analysis of the visual and narrative contents of its repertoire. Paolo Pacciolla is Tagore Fellow affiliated with the Indira Gandhi National Centre for the Arts of New Delhi, where he is conducting research on ritual drumming in Kerala. His main ethnographic focus is on music in India, and his research interests include Ethnomusicology, Organology, Iconography of Music, Indology and Religious Studies. SOAS Studies in Music Series Editors: Rachel Harris, SOAS, Universityof London, UK Rowan Pease, SOAS, University of London, UK Board Members: Angela Impey, SOAS, Universityof London, UK Noriko Manabe, Temple University, USA Suzel Reily, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Brazil Martin Stokes, Kings College London, UK Richard Widdess (SOAS, Universityof London) SOAS Studies in Music is today one of the world’s leading series in the dis- cipline of ethnomusicology. Our core mission is to produce high-quality, ethnographically rich studies of music-making in the world’s diverse musical cultures. We publish monographs and edited volumes that explore musical repertories and performance practice, critical issues in ethnomusicology, sound studies, historical and analytical approaches to music across the globe. We recognize the value of applied, interdisciplinary and collaborative research, and our authors draw on current approaches in musicology and anthropology, psychology, media and gender studies. We welcome mono- graphs that investigate global contemporary, classical and popular musics, the effects of digital mediation and transnational flows. Turkic Soundscapes From Shamanic Voices to Hip-Hop Edited by Razia Sultanova and Megan Rancier The Indian Drum of the King-God and the Pakhāvaj of Nathdwara Paolo Pacciolla Asante Court Music and Verbal Arts in Ghana The Porcupine and the Gold Stool Kwasi Ampene For more information about this series, please visit: www.routledge.com/ music/series/SOASMS The Indian Drum of the ā King-God and the Pakh vaj of Nathdwara Paolo Pacciolla Firstpublished2020 byRoutledge 2ParkSquare,MiltonPark,Abingdon,OxonOX144RN andbyRoutledge 52VanderbiltAvenue,NewYork,NY10017 RoutledgeisanimprintoftheTaylor&FrancisGroup,aninformabusiness ©2020PaoloPacciolla TherightofPaoloPacciollatobeidentifiedasauthorofthisworkhasbeen assertedbyhiminaccordancewithsections77and78oftheCopyright, DesignsandPatentsAct1988. Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthisbookmaybereprintedorreproducedor utilisedinanyformorbyanyelectronic,mechanical,orothermeans,now knownorhereafterinvented,includingphotocopyingandrecording,orinany informationstorageorretrievalsystem,withoutpermissioninwritingfromthe publishers. Trademarknotice:Productorcorporatenamesmaybetrademarksor registeredtrademarks,andareusedonlyforidentificationandexplanation withoutintenttoinfringe. BritishLibraryCataloguing-in-PublicationData AcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData Names:Pacciolla,Paolo,author. Title:TheIndiandrumoftheKing-GodandthepakhāvajofNathdwara/ PaoloPacciolla. Description:[1.]|NewYork:Routledge,2020.|Series:SOASmusicology series|Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex. Identifiers:LCCN2019058856|ISBN9780367370237(hardback)| ISBN9780367370244(ebook) Subjects:LCSH:Mridanga–History.|Music–Religiousaspects–Hinduism.| Music–India–Religiousaspects.|Carnaticmusic–Historyand criticism.|Musicandmythology–India. Classification:LCCML1038.M74P32020|DDC786.9/40954–dc23 LCrecordavailableathttps://lccn.loc.gov/2019058856 ISBN:978-0-367-37023-7(hbk) ISBN:978-0-367-37024-4(ebk) TypesetinTimesNewRoman bySwales&Willis,Exeter,Devon,UK TheaudioandvideoexamplescanbeaccessedviatheonlineRoutledgeMusic ResearchPortal:www.routledgemusicresearch.co.uk.Pleaseentertheactivation wordRRMusicandyouremailaddresswhenprompted.Youwillimmediately besentanautomatedemailcontaininganaccesstokenandinstructions,which willallowyoutologintothesite. To Piero and Rina Contents Listoffigures x Listofmusicexamples xi Listofaudiofiles xii Listofvideofiles xiii Acknowledgments xiv Notesonthetranscriptionsandtransliteration xv 1 Introduction 1 Background 1 Fieldworkamongpakhāvajīs 5 Ancientcourts:therootsofamusicaltradition 6 Nathdwara,acontemporaryreignoftheKing-Godandhiscourt 9 Amultidimensionalapproach 11 2 A drum between courts and temples 18 Music,religions,thesacredandthesecularinIndia 18 Paramparāsandgharānāsaccordingtocontemporarypakhāvaj players 27 3 The pakhāvaj in contemporary India 31 Thepakhāvaj 31 Thepakhāvajandthepakhāvajplayersintheclassicalmusic sceneofcontemporaryIndia 34 Thepakhāvajheritageaccordingtoitsplayers 40 4 Auspicious drumming 53 Auspiciousness 53 Auspiciousnessanditsroots 55 viii Contents Theauspiciousartsinliteratureandothertextualsources 56 Rainonthelotuspond 59 Gaja-Lakṣmī 61 Thecloud-drum 65 Rainofblessings 68 5 The drum of the King-God 74 Thesocio-historicalcontextoftheemergenceofthemṛdaṅgaas majorcourtlydrum 75 Thesoundofthemṛdaṅgaintheaestheticizedlifeofthecourts 77 Śiva,themagnificationofthewarriorking 81 Thedrumgivingvoicetodeath 84 Viṣṇu-Kṛṣṇa,therighteouskingandthebhakticults 87 6 From mṛdaṅga to pakhāvaj 93 Themultiplicationofmṛdaṅgasandtheemergenceofthe pakhāvaj 93 Frommṛdaṅgatopakhāvajandviceversa:makingthedeśīmārga andthemārgadeśī 101 7 The Nathdwara gharānā: playing the pakhāvaj for Nāthjı̄ 109 VallabhācaryaandthePuṣṭimārg 109 ŚrīNāthjī,theKing-Godandhisworship 111 TheroleofmusicandaestheticsinthecultofPuṣṭimārg 114 ThefamilyofPurushottamDas 116 PanditDalchandSharmaandmyresearch 121 8 The repertoire 126 Thepakhāvaj:facetsofitslanguageandplayingstyles 126 Compositionaltypes 130 Paransasstructuresbasedongeometricalfigures 131 Paransasprayers 136 Parans,imagesandpoetry 139 Aknowledgeablekingofthe20thcenturyandhisparans 145 Thetorrentandtherain 146 9 The solo pakhāvaj recital 149 Thestructureofthesolorecital 149 Lotuses,garlandsofflowersandthesolopakhāvaj 151 Thesolorecitalofthenathdwaragharānā 156 Contents ix Stutiparan 157 Madhyalaykaprastār 158 Dhenanakabāj 159 Paran 159 Laytāltornekakata 160 Chandkari 160 Thapiyākabāj 161 Relā 161 10 Conclusion 164 Bibliography 170 Index 186
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