EDITED BY MICHAEL MARTIN & RICKI MONNIER THE IMPOSSIBILITY OF In this anthology, Michael Martin and Ricki Monnier bring together for the first time a com¬ prehensive collection of articles containing arguments for the impossibility of God. The arguments are grouped into five areas focusing on definitional, deductive evil, doctrinal, mul¬ tiple attributes, and single attribute disproofs of God. Pail one, definitional disproofs, comprises arguments for the impossibility of God based on a contradiction within the definition of God. Startling contradictions are found, for example, by J. N. Findlay, when God is defined as the adequate object of religious attitudes, and by Douglas Walton, when God is defined as a being than which no greater can be thought. Deductive evil disproofs —based on.a contradiction between the attributes of God and the existence of evil—compose part two. J. L. Mackie formulates and develops the famous logical argument from evil for the im¬ possibility of an omniscient, omnipotent, and omnibenevolent God. Several scholars, such as Quentin Smith, explore and further develop this argument. Part three contains doctrinal disproofs, each based on a contradiction between God's attributes and a particular religious doctrine or story. For example, Christine Overall shows that a God with the attributes of omniscience, omni¬ potence, and omnibenevolence is inconsistent with the doctrine of miracles. Richard Schoenig demonstrates that this God is inconsistent with the theistic reward/punishment doctrine re¬ garding the postmortem fate of humans. (continued on. but C— i 1 THE IMPOSSIBILITY OF EDITED BY MICHAEL MARTIN & RICKI MONNIER IBRARY \a Prometheus Books 59 John Glenn Drive Amherst, New York 14228-2197 Published 2003 by Prometheus Books The Impossibility of God. Copyright © 2003 by Michael Martin and Ricki Monnier. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, digital, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, or conveyed via the Internet or a Web site without prior written permission of the publisher, except in the case of brief quotations embodied in critical articles and reviews. Inquiries should be addressed to Prometheus Books 59 John Glenn Drive Amherst, New York 14228-2197 VOICE: 716-691-0133, ext. 207 FAX: 716-564-2711 WWW.PROMETHEUSBOOKS.COM 07 06 05 04 03 5 4 3 2 1 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data The impossibility of God / edited by Michael Martin and Ricki Monnier. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 1-59102-120-0 1. Atheism—History. 2. God—Proof—History of doctrines. 3. Theodicty— History of doctrines. 4. Religion—Philosophy—History. I. Martin, Michael, 1932 Feb. 3- II. Monnier, Ricki. BL2747.3.I49 2003 212'.1—dc22 2003020943 Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper To those who question and wonder.