The impact of HIV/AIDS on education worldwide

320 Pages·2012·2.37 MB·English

by  Alexander W. Wiseman

THE IMPACT OF HIV/AIDS ON
EDUCATION WORLDWIDE
INTERNATIONAL PERSPECTIVES
ON EDUCATION AND SOCIETY
Series Editor: Alexander W. Wiseman
Recent Volumes:
Series Editor from Volume 5: David P. Baker
Volume 5: New Paradigms and Recurring Paradoxes in Education for
Citizenship: An International Comparison
Volume 6: Global Trends in Educational Policy
Volume 7: The Impact of Comparative Education Research on
Istitutional Theory
Volume 8: Education For All
Volume 9: The Worldwide Transformation of Higher Education
Volume 10: Gender, Equality and Education from International and
Comparative Perspectives
Series Editor from Volume 11: Alexander W. Wiseman
Volume 11: Educational Leadership: Global Contexts and International
Comparisons
Volume 12: International Educational Governance
Volume 13: The Impact of International Achievement Studies on
National Education Policymaking
Volume 14: Post-Socialism is Not Dead: (Re)Reading the Global in
Comparative Education
Volume 15: TheImpactandTransformationofEducationPolicyinChina
Volume 16: Education Strategy in the Developing World: Revising the
World Bank’s Education Policy
Volume 17: Community Colleges Worldwide: Investigating the Global
Phenomenon
INTERNATIONAL PERSPECTIVES ON EDUCATION AND
SOCIETY VOLUME 18
THE IMPACT OF
HIV/AIDS ON
EDUCATION
WORLDWIDE
EDITED BY
ALEXANDER W. WISEMAN
Lehigh University, USA
RYAN N. GLOVER
Lehigh University, USA
United Kingdom – North America – Japan
India – Malaysia – China
EmeraldGroupPublishingLimited
HowardHouse,WagonLane,BingleyBD161WA,UK
Firstedition2012
Copyrightr2012EmeraldGroupPublishingLimited
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ISBN:978-1-78190-232-5
ISSN:1479-3679(Series)
CONTENTS
LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS vii
PREFACE ix
HIV/AIDS AND ITS IMPACT ON EDUCATION IN
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA: POLICY INITIATIVES
AND CHALLENGES
Laban Ayiro 1
HIV/AIDS EDUCATION PROGRAMS IN KENYA:
CONTEXTS OF IMPLEMENTATION IN SECONDARY
SCHOOLS IN KISII COUNTY
Kennedy Ongaga and Mary Ombonga 27
HIV EDUCATION IN UGANDAN SECONDARY
SCHOOLS: ATTITUDES OF STUDENTS, TEACHERS,
AND ADMINISTRATORS
W. James Jacob, Donald E. Morisky and 57
Yusuf K. Nsubuga
MULTIPLE EFFECTS OF EDUCATION ON
DISEASE: THE INTRIGUING CASE OF HIV/AIDS
IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
William Smith, Daniel Salinas and David P. Baker 79
TAKING A HOLISTIC APPROACH TO HIV/AIDS
EDUCATION IN ZAMBIAN SCHOOLS
Rosah Moonga Malambo 105
HIV/AIDS AND EDUCATION IN BOTSWANA
Gaelebale Nnunu Tsheko 141
v
vi CONTENTS
THE IMPACT OF HIV AND AIDS ON LESOTHO
PRIMARY SCHOOL CHILDREN
Grace Makeletso Ntaote 161
ACTING STUBBORN: UNDERSTANDING
‘‘VULNERABILITY’’ AND SECONDARY SCHOOL
PARTICIPATION IN LESOTHO
Anne Smiley 187
GENDER, SEXUALITY AND HIV AND AIDS
EDUCATION IN SOUTH AFRICA
Deevia Bhana and Shakila Singh 213
PERCEIVED FACTORS UNDERLYING HIV RISK
BEHAVIOUR OF YOUNG PEOPLE IN SOUTH
AFRICAN SCHOOLS
Maretha J. Visser 231
‘‘NEW MUTUALISM’’ IN SMALL (AND MICRO)
STATES: THE AIDS GENERATION AND AIDS
FATIGUE IN THE CARIBBEAN EDUCATIONAL
POLICY SPACE
Tavis D. Jules 259
ABOUT THE AUTHORS 287
AUTHOR INDEX 293
SUBJECT INDEX 301
LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS
Laban Ayiro Moi University, Eldoret, Kenya
David P. Baker Penn State University, University Park,
PA, USA
Deevia Bhana University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban,
South Africa
Ryan N. Glover Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA
W. James Jacob University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh,
PA, USA
Tavis D. Jules Loyola University Chicago, Chicago,
IL, USA
Rosah Moonga Oslo and Akershus University College of
Malambo Applied Sciences, Oslo, Norway
Donald E. Morisky University of California, Los Angeles,
Los Angeles, USA
Yusuf K. Nsubuga Uganda Ministry of Education and
Sports, Kampala, Uganda
Grace Makeletso Lesotho College of Education, Maseru,
Ntaote Lesotho
Mary Ombonga University of North Carolina
Wilmington, Wilmington, NC, USA
Kennedy Ongaga University of North Carolina
Wilmington, Wilmington, NC, USA
Daniel Salinas Penn State University, University Park,
PA, USA
Shakila Singh University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban,
South Africa
vii
viii LIST OFCONTRIBUTORS
Anne Smiley FHI 360, Washington, DC, USA
William Smith Penn State University, University Park,
PA, USA
Gaelebale Nnunu University of Botswana, Gaborone,
Tsheko Botswana
Maretha J. Visser University of Pretoria, Hatfield,
South Africa
Alexander W. Wiseman Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA
PREFACE
Little is known about the impact of HIV/AIDS on education worldwide.
Much ofthe mystery surroundingHIV/AIDS and education lies in thefact
thattheirintersectioniscontextualizedbymanyotherfactors.Forexample,
many of the children who are at risk of not finishing school or have never
had the chance to attend school live day-to-day in communities with high
HIV/AIDSinfectionrates.Toexacerbatetheproblem,insomecountriesthe
highest HIV/AIDS infection rates are in marginalized and extremely poor
communities while in others it is among the most affluent communities.
Girls, young women, orphaned and vulnerable children either living or
working in disadvantaged communities have some of the highest risk for
HIV/AIDSinfectionbecauseoftheirfrequentexposuretoHIV/AIDS.But,
those who are more mobile due to their occupations or wealth are also at
high risk in countries worldwide.
A lack of specifically focused education about health and HIV/AIDS as
well as more general health education not only diminishes their economic
chances, but also increases their potential for high-risk sexual behavior
and health-related decision-making. In addition, there is often a stigma
associated with HIV/AIDS education and prevention, which inhibits
teachers and other adults from talking candidly with primary school-age
children about the disease and how to prevent it. Yet, in spite of the
devastating impact of HIV/AIDS, the education of children and teachers is
still perceived around the world as a great hope in the fight against it.
Throughanexaminationofthedisease’srelationshipwitheducation,this
volumeuniquelyexploreshowHIV/AIDSimpactseducationsystems,while
also examining how education has responded. Given the context and
prevalenceofHIV/AIDSworldwide,thechaptersinthisvolumeinvestigate
the relationship between HIV/AIDS and education from international and
comparative perspectives. The chapters focus largely on the relationship
between HIV/AIDS and education in sub-Saharan African countries and
nationaleducationsystems.However,onechapterexaminestheHIV/AIDS
phenomenon in the Caribbean, which is a unique approach given the
proclivity of investigations to concentrate almost exclusively on African
countries and systems.
ix