The Hutchinson Encyclopedia of Modern Political Biography

1008 Pages·2005·6.41 MB·English

The Hutchinson Encyclopedia of Modern Political
Biography
Preface
The Hutchinson Encyclopedia of Modern Political Biography is a reference book, with
entries arranged in A–Z format. To go directly to a particular entry, click on the link in
the table of contents. There are also links between entries – click on any underlined
word to jump to the related entry.

© Copyright Research Machines plc 2005. All rights reserved. Helicon Publishing is a
division of Research Machines plc.
Helicon Publishing
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Cover illustration: John Taylor.
Table of contents
A
Abacha, Sani
Abbas, Ferhat
Abbas II (of Egypt)
Abbey, Joseph Leo Seko
Abboud, Ibrahim
Abd al-Hamid II
Abdel Meguid, Ahmed Esmat
Abdullah, ibn Abdul Aziz al-Saud
Abdullah, Sheikh Muhammad
Abdullah ibn Hussein
Aberhart, William
Abernathy, Ralph D
Abiola, Moshood Kastumawo
Abubakar, Siddiq
Abu Nidal
Abzug, Bella Savitsky
Achad Haam
Acheampong, Ignatius Kutu
Achebe, Chinua
Acheson, Dean (Gooderham)
Achour, Habib
Adamkus, Valdas
Adams, Gerry
Adams, Grantley Herbert
Adams, Henry Brooks
Adams, Tom (John Michael)
Addams, Jane
Adenauer, Konrad
Adler, Cyrus
Adorno, Theodor Wiesengrund
Aehrenthal, Count Aloys von
'Aflaq, Michel
Afrifa, Okatakyie Akwasi Amankwa
Afwerki, Issaias
Aga Khan III
Aga Khan IV, (Karim)
Agnew, Spiro (Theodore)
Aguinaldo, Emilio
Aguiyi-Ironsi, Johnson
Ahern, Bertie
Ahidjo, Ahmadou
Ahtisaari, Maarti
Aidid, Muhammad Farah
Aidit, D N
Ait Ahmed, Hocine
Aitken, Jonathan (William Patrick)
Akaka, Daniel Kahikina
Akayev, Askar
Akhmatova, Anna
Akintola, Samuel Ladoke
Alain
Al-Bakr, Ahmed Hassan
Albizu Campos, Pedro
Albright, Madeleine
Alcalá Zamora y Torres, Niceto
Alebua, Ezekiel
Alemán Lacayo, (José Arnoldo)
Alemán Valdés, Miguel
Alessandri Palma, Arturo
Alexander I, Karageorgevich (of Yugoslavia)
Alexander of Hillsborough, Albert Victor Alexander
Alfaro, Eloy
Alfonsín Foulkes, Raúl Ricardo
Algren, Nelson Abraham
Ali, (Chaudri) Muhammad
Ali, Ibn Hussein
Ali, Maulana Muhammad
Ali, Maulana Shaukat
Ali, Salim Rubayi
Ali, Tariq
Alia, Ramiz
Ali Aref Bourhan
Ali Mahdi, Muhammad
Aliyev, Geidar Alirza
Allende (Gossens), Salvador
Alvear, Marcelo Torcuato de
Amado, Jorge
Amato, Giuliano
Amery, Leo(pold Charles Maurice Stennett)
Amin, Mustafa
Amin (Dada), Idi
Amos, Valerie
Anami, Korechika
Ancram, Michael Andrew Foster Jude Kerr
Anderson, John
Anderson, Marian
Andrade, Mario Pinto de
Andreotti, Giulio
Andropov, Yuri
Angelou, Maya
Annan, Kofi
Antall, József
Anthony, Kenny
Antonescu, Ion
Anyaoku, Eleazar Chukwuemeka (Emeka)
Aoun, Michel
Aquino, (Maria) Corazon
Arafat, Yassir
Aragon, Louis Marie
Araña Osorio, Carlos
Arbenz Guzmán, Jácobo
Archer, Jeffrey Howard
Arendt, Hannah
Arens, Moshe
Arevalo Bermejo, Juan José
Arias Madrid, Arnulfo
Arias Navarro, Carlos
Arias Sanchez, Oscar
Aristide, Jean-Bertrand
Armstrong, Robert Temple
Arnold, Eve
Arriaga, Manuel José de
Arroyo, Gloria Macapagal
Arthur, Owen (Seymour)
Arzú, Irigoyen Alvaro
Asanuma, Inejiro
Ashcroft, John
Ashdown, Paddy (Jeremy John Durham)
Ashe, Arthur (Robert, Jr)
Ashley, Jack
Ashrawi, Hanan
Askin, Robert (Robin William)
Asquith, Herbert Henry
Assad, Hafez al
Astor, Nancy
Asturias, Miguel Ángel
Atassi, Hashem al-
Atatürk, Kemal
Attlee, Clement (Richard)
Atwood, Margaret (Eleanor)
Auden, W(ystan) H(ugh)
Aung San
Aurobindo Ghose
Ávila Camacho, Manuel
Avksent'yev,, Nikolai Dmitriyevich
Awolowo, Obafemi
Aylwin, (Azòcar) Patricio
Ayub Khan, Muhammad
Azad, Maulana Abul Kalam
Azaña, Manuel
Azcona del Hoyo, José Simon
Azhari, Ismail
Azikiwe, Nnamdi
Aziz, Tariq
Aznar, José Maria
B
Baader, Andreas
Babangida, Ibrahim
Badawi, Abdullah Ahmad
Badinter, Robert
Badoglio, Pietro
Baez, Joan
Bailey, Liberty Hyde (Jr)
Baker, Howard Henry
Baker, James Addison III
Baker, Kenneth Wilfrid
Baker, Newton Diehl
Bakhtiar, Shahpur
Balaguer Ricardo, Joaquín Videla
Balbo, Count Italo
Baldwin, James Arthur
Baldwin, Stanley
Balfour, Arthur James
Balladur, Edouard
Ballance, John
Banda, Hastings Kamuzu
Bandaranaike, Sirimavo
Bandaranaike, Solomon West Ridgeway Dias
Bandera, Stepan
Bang, Nina Henriette Wendeline
Bani-Sadr, Abu'l-Hassan
Banks, Dennis
Bánzer Suárez, Hugo
Barak, Ehud
Baraka, (Imamu) Amiri
Barayi, Elijah
Barber, Anthony Perrinott Lysberg
Barbie, Klaus
Barco Vargas, Virgilio
Barnes, George Nicoll
Barre, Raymond Octave Joseph
Barrientos Ortuño, René
Barrow, Errol Walton
Barry, Marion, Jr
Barton, Edmund
Baruch, Bernard Mannes
Barudi, Mahmud Sami al-
Bashir, Omar Hassan Ahmad al-
Basu, Jyoti
Batista (y Zaldívar), Fulgencio
Batlle y Ordóñez, José
Batt, Philip
Bavadra, Timoci
Bayer, Mahmud Jelâl
Bazargan, Mehdi
Beatrix, (Wilhelmina Armgard)
Beauvoir, Simone de
Beaverbrook, (William) Max(well) Aitken
Bebel, (Ferdinand) August
Beckett, Margaret
Bedjaoui, Mohamed
Begin, Menachem
Belafonte, Harry
Belafrej, Ahmed
Belaid, Abdessalem
Belaúnde Terry, Fernando
Belkacem, Krim
Bell, Francis Henry Dillon
Belloc, (Joseph) Hilaire (René Pierre)
Ben Ali, Zine el Abidine
Ben Barka, Mehdi
Ben Bella, Muhammad Ahmed
Beneš, Edvard
Ben-Gurion, David
Benn, Tony (Anthony Neil Wedgwood)
Bennett, Richard Bedford
Ben Salah, Ahmed
Bentsen, Lloyd Millard
Ben Youssef, Salah
Ben Zvi, Izhak
Bérégovoy, Pierre (Eugène)
Berezovsky, Boris Abramovich
Berisha, Sali
Beriya, Lavrenti Pavlovich
Berlin, Isaiah
Berlinguer, Enrico
Berlusconi, Silvio
Bernadotte, Count Folke
Bernstein, Carl
Bernstein, Eduard
Bernstein, Herman
Berri, Nabih
Berrios Martínez, Rubén
Besant, Annie
Bessmertnykh, Aleksandr
Betancourt, Rómulo
Betancur Cuartas, Belisario
Bethe, Hans Albrecht
Bethmann Hollweg, Theobald Theodor Friedrich Alfred von
Bevan, Aneurin (Nye)
Beveridge, William Henry
Bevin, Ernest
Bhattari, Krishna Prasad
Bhindranwale, Sant Jarnail Singh
Bhumibol Adulyadej
Bhutto, Benazir
Bhutto, Zulfikar Ali
Bidault, Georges Augustin
Biffen, (William) John
Biko, Steve
Bildt, Carl
Bingham, Hiram
bin Laden, Osama
Bird, Lester B
Bird, Vere Cornwall
Birendra, Bir Bikram Shah Dev
Birkenhead, F(rederick) E(dwin) Smith
Bishop, Maurice
Bitar, Salah Eddin
Bitat, Rabah
Biya, Paul
Bjelke-Petersen, Joh(annes)
Black, Hugo LaFayette
Black Elk
Blair, Tony
Blaize, Herbert Augustus
Blake, George (spy)
Blanco, (Salvador) Jorge
Blanco-Fombona, Rufino
Bliss, Tasker Howard
Blum, Léon
Blunkett, David
Blunt, Anthony Frederick
Bly, Robert Elwood
Boateng, Paul Yaw
Boganda, Barthélemy
Bogart, Humphrey (DeForest)
Boggs, Thomas Hale, Sr
Bohlen, Charles 'Chip'
Bokassa, Jean-Bédel
Bolger, Jim
Bolkiah, Muda Hassanal
Bondevik, Kjell Magne
Bondfield, Margaret Grace
Bongo, Omar
Bonham-Carter, (Helen) Violet
Bonner, Yelena
Bonomi, Ivanoe
Boothby, Robert John Graham
Boothroyd, Betty
Borah, William Edgar
Borden, Robert Laird
Boris III
Borja Cevallos, Rodrigo
Bormann, Martin
Bornó, (Joseph) Louis
Boross, Peter
Bosch, (Gavino) Juan Domingo
Bose, Subhas Chandra
Bossi, Umberto
Botha, Louis
Botha, P(ieter) W(illem)
Bottai, Giuseppe
Bottomley, Virginia Hilda Brunette Maxwell
Boucetta, M'Hamed
Boudiaf, Mohamed
Boumaza, Bachir
Boumédienne, Houari
Bourassa, Henri
Bourgeois, Léon Victor Auguste
Bourguiba, Habib ben Ali
Bouteflika, Abdelaziz
Bouterse, Désiré
Boutros-Ghali, Boutros
Braddock, Elizabeth Margaret (Bessie)
Bradshaw, Robert Llewellyn
Braine, John (Gerard)
Braithwaite, Nicholas
Brandeis, Louis Dembitz
Brandt, Willy
Bratianu, Ion
Bremer, (Lewis) Paul
Brennan, William J(oseph), Jr
Brenton, Howard
Brezhnev, Leonid Ilyich
Briand, Aristide
Bridges, Harry (Alfred Renton)
Brink, André P(hilippus)
Brittain, Vera (Mary)
Brittan, Leon
Brooke, Peter Leonard
Brookeborough, Basil Stanlake Brooke
Browder, Earl Russell
Brown, (James) Gordon
Brown, George Alfred
Brown, Jim
Brown, Ron(ald Harmon)
Bruce, David K E (Kirkpatrick Este)
Bruce, Lenny
Bruce, Stanley Melbourne
Brundtland, Gro Harlem
Brüning, Heinrich
Bruton, John Gerard
Bryan, William Jennings
Brzezinski, Zbigniew
Bucaram, Ortiz Abdalá
Buchan, John
Buchanan, Pat(rick Joseph)
Buckley, William F(rank)
Buhari, Muhammadu
Bukharin, Nikolai Ivanovich
Bulatovic, Momir
Bulganin, Nikolai Aleksandrovich
Bülow, Bernhard Heinrich Martin Karl, Prince von Bülow
Bunche, Ralph Johnson
Bundy, McGeorge
Bunker, Ellsworth
Burger, Warren Earl
Burgess, Guy Francis de Moncy
Burnham, (Linden) Forbes (Sampson)
Burnham, Harry Lawson-Webster Levy-Lawson
Burns, John Elliot
Burroughs, William S(eward)
Bush, George Herbert Walker
Bush, George W(alker), Jr
Busia, Kofi
Bustamante, (William) Alexander
Buthelezi, Chief Mangosuthu Gatsha
Butler, Richard Austen
Buyoya, Pierre
Buzek, Jerzy Karol
C
Cabral, Amilcar
Cabral, Luiz de Almeida
Caetano, Marcello José des Neves Alves
Cairns, James Ford
Cai Yuanpei
Caldera Rodriguez, Rafael
Calderón Guardia, Rafael Ángel
Calderón Sol, Armando
Callaghan, (Leonard) James
Callaghan, Daniel J
Callejas Romero, Rafael Leonardo
Calles, Plutarco Elías
Calvo, Carlos
Calwell, Arthur Augustus
Campbell, Kim
Campbell, Menzies
Campbell-Bannerman, Henry
Campíns, Luis Herrera
Cámpora, Héctor
Canaris, Wilhelm Franz
Carabillo, Toni
Cárdenas, Lázaro
Cardoso, Fernando Henrique
Cardozo, Benjamin Nathan
Carey, James (Barron)
Carías Andino, Tiburcio
Carlot Korman, Maxime
Carlsson, Ingvar (Gösta)
Carlucci, Frank Charles
Carmichael, Stokely
Carmona, Antonio
Carpenter, Edward
Carranza, Venustiano
Carrera Andrade, Jorge
Carrington, Peter Alexander Rupert
Carroll, James (politician)
Carson, Edward Henry
Carter, Jimmy
Casement, Roger David
Casey, Richard Gardiner
Castelo Branco, Humberto de Alencar
Castillo Armas, Carlos
Castle, Barbara Anne
Castro, Cipriano
Castro (Ruz), Fidel Alejandro
Cato, (Robert) Milton
Catt, Carrie Chapman
Cavaco Silva, Anibal
Ceausescu, Nicolae
Cerezo Arévalo, Mario Vinicio
Césaire, Aimé Fernand
Céspedes, Carlos Manuel de
Chadli, Benjedid
Chamberlain, (Arthur) Neville
Chamberlain, (Joseph) Austen
Chamberlain, Joseph
Chambers, George Michael