The Human Body in Health & Disease PDF
Preview The Human Body in Health & Disease
THE HUMAN BODY IN HEALTH & DISEASE SEVENTH EDITION Kevin T. Patton, PhD Founding Professor of Life Science, Emeritus Faculty, St. Charles Community College, Cottleville, Missouri Professor of Human Anatomy and Physiology Instruction, New York Chiropractic College, Seneca Falls, New York Gary A. Thibodeau, PhD Chancellor Emeritus and Professor Emeritus of Biology, University of Wisconsin—River Falls, River Falls, Wisconsin 2 Table of Contents Cover image Title page Anatomical directions Copyright About the authors Contributor panel Scientific review panel Preface How to use this book 1. Introduction to the body Language of science Language of medicine Introduction Scientific method Levels of organization Anatomical position Anatomical directions Planes of the body Body cavities Body regions Balance of body functions ❑ Outline summary ❑ Active learning 2. Chemistry of life Language of science Language of medicine 3 Introduction Levels of chemical organization Chemical bonding Inorganic chemistry Organic chemistry Clinical applications of chemistry ❑ Outline summary ❑ Active learning 3. Cells Language of science Language of medicine Introduction Overview of cells Relationship of cell structure and function Movement of substances through cell membranes Cell growth and reproduction ❑ Outline summary ❑ Active learning 4. Tissues Language of science Language of medicine Introduction Introduction to tissues Epithelial tissue Connective tissue Muscle tissue Nervous tissue Tissue repair ❑ Outline summary ❑ Active learning 5. Organ systems Language of science Language of medicine Introduction Organ systems of the body Body as a whole Organ replacement ❑ Outline summary ❑ Active learning 4 6. Mechanisms of disease Language of science Language of medicine Introduction Studying disease Pathophysiology Pathogenic organisms and particles Prevention and control Tumors and cancer Inflammation ❑ Outline summary ❑ Active learning 7. Skin and membranes Language of science Language of medicine Introduction Body membranes Skin structure Functions of the skin Disorders of the skin ❑ Outline summary ❑ Active learning 8. Skeletal system Language of science Language of medicine Introduction Functions of the skeletal system Gross structure of bones Microscopic structure of bones Bone development Axial skeleton Appendicular skeleton Skeletal variations Joints Skeletal disorders ❑ Outline summary ❑ Active learning 9. Muscular system Language of science 5 Language of medicine Introduction Muscle tissue Structure of skeletal muscle Function of skeletal muscle Motor unit Muscle stimulus Types of muscle contraction Effects of exercise Movements produced by muscles Skeletal muscle groups Muscular disorders ❑ Outline summary ❑ Active learning 10. Nervous system Language of science Language of medicine Introduction Organs and divisions of the nervous system Cells of the nervous system Nerves and tracts Nerve signals Central nervous system Peripheral nervous system Autonomic nervous system ❑ Outline summary ❑ Active learning 11. Senses Language of science Language of medicine Introduction Classification of senses Sensory pathways General senses Special senses Integration of senses ❑ Outline summary ❑ Active learning 12. Endocrine system 6 Language of science Language of medicine Introduction Endocrine glands Mechanisms of hormone action Regulation of hormone secretion Mechanisms of endocrine disease Prostaglandins Pituitary gland Hypothalamus Thyroid gland Parathyroid glands Adrenal glands Pancreatic islets Sex glands Thymus Placenta Pineal gland Endocrine functions throughout the body ❑ Outline summary ❑ Active learning 13. Blood Language of science Language of medicine Introduction Blood composition Mechanisms of blood disease Red blood cells Red blood cell disorders White blood cells White blood cell disorders Platelets and blood clotting Clotting disorders ❑ Outline summary ❑ Active learning 14. Heart Language of science Language of medicine Introduction Location of the heart 7 Functional anatomy of the heart Heart sounds Blood flow through the heart Blood supply to heart muscle Cardiac cycle Electrical activity of the heart Cardiac output Heart failure ❑ Outline summary ❑ Active learning 15. Circulation of blood Language of science Language of medicine Introduction Blood vessels Disorders of blood vessels Routes of circulation Hemodynamics Pulse Hypertension Circulatory shock ❑ Outline summary ❑ Active learning 16. Lymphatic system and immunity Language of science Language of medicine Introduction Lymphatic system Immune system Immune system molecules Immune system cells Hypersensitivity of the immune system Immune system deficiency ❑ Outline summary ❑ Active learning 17. Respiratory system Language of science Language of medicine Introduction 8 Structural plan Upper respiratory tract Lower respiratory tract Respiration Pulmonary ventilation Gas exchange and transport ❑ Outline summary ❑ Active learning 18. Digestive system Language of science Language of medicine Introduction Overview of digestion Wall of the digestive tract Mouth Pharynx Esophagus Stomach Small intestine Liver and gallbladder Pancreas Large intestine Appendix Peritoneum Digestion Absorption ❑ Outline summary ❑ Active learning 19. Nutrition and metabolism Language of science Language of medicine Introduction Metabolic function of the liver Macronutrients Micronutrients Regulating food intake Metabolic rates Metabolic and eating disorders Body temperature ❑ Outline summary 9 ❑ Active learning 20. Urinary system Language of science Language of medicine Introduction Kidneys Formation of urine Control of urine volume Elimination of urine Urinalysis Renal and urinary disorders ❑ Outline summary ❑ Active learning 21. Fluid and electrolyte balance Language of science Language of medicine Introduction Body fluid volumes Body fluid compartments Mechanisms that maintain fluid balance Fluid imbalances Importance of electrolytes in body fluids Electrolyte imbalances ❑ Outline summary ❑ Active learning 22. Acid-base balance Language of science Language of medicine Introduction pH of body fluids Mechanisms that control pH of body fluids pH imbalances ❑ Outline summary ❑ Active learning 23. Reproductive systems Language of science Language of medicine Introduction 10
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