ebook img

The History of the University of Oxford PDF

1081 Pages·17.221 MB·English
Save to my drive
Quick download
Download
Most books are stored in the elastic cloud where traffic is expensive. For this reason, we have a limit on daily download.

Preview The History of the University of Oxford

page i THE HISTORY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD VOLUME VII page ii page iii THE HISTORY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD VOLUME VII Nineteenth-Century Oxford, Part 2 EDITEDBY M. G. BROCK AND M. C. CURTHOYS clarendon press (cid:1) oxford page iv 3 GreatClarendonStreet,Oxfordox26dp OxfordUniversityPressisadepartmentoftheUniversityofOxford. ItfurtherstheUniversity’sobjectiveofexcellenceinresearch,scholarship, andeducationbypublishingworldwidein Oxford NewYork Athens Auckland Bangkok Bogota´ BuenosAires Calcutta CapeTown Chennai DaresSalaam Delhi Florence HongKong Istanbul Karachi KualaLumpur Madrid Melbourne MexicoCity Mumbai Nairobi Paris Sa˜oPaulo Shanghai Singapore Taipei Tokyo Toronto Warsaw andassociatedcompaniesinBerlin Ibadan OxfordisaregisteredtrademarkofOxfordUniversityPress intheUKandcertainothercountries PublishedintheUnitedStates byOxfordUniversityPressInc.,NewYork #OxfordUniversityPress2000 Themoralrightsoftheauthorshavebeenasserted DatabaserightOxfordUniversityPress(maker) Firstpublished2000 Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced, storedinaretrievalsystem,ortransmitted,inanyformorbyanymeans, withoutthepriorpermissioninwritingofOxfordUniversityPress, orasexpresslypermittedbylaw,orundertermsagreedwiththeappropriate reprographicsrightsorganizations.Enquiriesconcerningreproduction outsidethescopeoftheaboveshouldbesenttotheRightsDepartment, OxfordUniversityPress,attheaddressabove Youmustnotcirculatethisbookinanyotherbindingorcover andyoumustimposethesameconditiononanyacquirer BritishLibraryCataloguinginPublicationData Dataavailable LibraryofCongressCataloginginPublicationData ISBN0–19–951017–2 13579108642 TypesetbyKolamInformationServicesPvtLtd.,Pondicherry,India PrintedinGreatBritain onacid-freepaperby T.J.InternationalLtd, Padstow,Cornwall page v Preface As was explained in the Preface to Nineteenth-Century Oxford,Part 1, the two volumes on the years from 1800 to 1914 are not entirely separate from each other. Each part is independently indexed and stands largely by itself; but, while most of the chapters in Part 2 begin where the main narrative of Part 1 ends, namely at or near the passing of the University Tests Act of 1871, a few do not observe this dividing line. Chapter 26 on the University Press,andChapter30onOxfordArchitecture,spanthewholeperiod,while Chapter19onMathematicstakestheaccountfrom1827to1900.Similarlyin Part1Chapters11to14and18to21wentto1914,andChapter17to1902. Inallthesecasesadivisionwouldhavetruncatedsomethemesandentailed duplication.TheListofContentsforPart1willbefoundonpp.877–8. As in Part 1, the footnotes and Index have been arranged in the hope of helping readers to obtain any further information which they may need. The number of people named in this volume (about 1, 700) is too large to allow the provision of biographical footnotes. An alternative method of identification has been adopted, namely, giving dates of birth and death in the Index for most of those mentioned in the text. References in footnotes cannottaketheplaceofabibliography,ifonlybecausetheymaynotmention the secondary work which led the contributor to the primary source cited. The Bibliography of Printed Works relating to the University of Oxford (1968),byE.H.CordeauxandD.H.Merry,istheessentialpointofdeparture foranyoneworking inthis area. Ithas beensupplemented, forpublications from1977to1981,bythebookletsentitledHistoryofEuropeanUniversities: Work in Progress, and thereafter by the ‘Continuing Bibliographies’ in the journal History of Universities from volume vii (1988) onwards. The full title of a work is cited for the first mention in a chapter unless it is in the Abbreviationslist:whereplaceofpublicationisomitteditisLondon,Oxford, orCambridge.TheUniversityhasacapitalletterwhereOxfordUniversityis indicated,butnotwherethewordisusedasagenericterm. The plates have been arranged in a single block to give a compact visual survey of some of the major themes and personalities in the volume. An extended account of the illustrations is offered in the commentary at the front of thebook. As the expressions of thanks scattered throughout the volume show, contributorsandeditorshavemetwithinvariableco-operationandgoodwill throughout the University and indeed beyond it. They tender their most grateful thanks for all that help. This volume, like its predecessors in the vi preface series, was made possible by generous funding from the University, the colleges, the University’s higher studies and Hulme surplus funds, and the Nuffield Foundation. Its editors owe much to Lord Bullock, and to his successors as chairmen of the controlling committee, Sir Anthony Kenny and Sir Keith Thomas. They received wise early advice from Trevor Aston, general editor of this series until his tragically early death in 1985, and admirable administrative support from Ralph Evans until the project office closed.Theyrecordwithgratitudetheimportanceofthematerialproduced by Mary Heimann during several months of research. This volume has benefited from Brian Harrison’s work on twentieth-century Oxford, and his help at various stages is gratefully acknowledged. The late Colin Mat- thew was a constant source of support and inspiration. Both editors owe particularthankstoinstitutionsinwhichoneorotherwasemployedduring some of their time as editors—to Christ Church, to the New Dictionary of NationalBiography,totheUniversityofExeter,toNuffieldCollege,andto the Collegeof StGeorge,Windsor. The editors also record their gratitude to those people who, in adminis- teringfacilitiesandresources,wentbeyondthecallofdutyinmakingthem available—to the library staffs in the Bodleian, the Centre for Oxfordshire Studies, Christ Church, Nuffield College, and the Oxford Union Society; and, in archives and libraries where it is not invidious to name a particular individual, to Pauline Adams (Somerville), Sarah Bendall (Merton), Eliza- bethBoardman(Brasenose,Oriel,andStHilda’s),CarolineBrown(Rhodes Trust); Christine Butler (Corpus Christi), Julie Courtenay (Lady Margaret Hall), Judith Curthoys (Christ Church), Caroline Dalton (New College), Robin Darwall-Smith (Magdalen and University), Father Davidge and FatherGroves(PuseyHouse),PeterFoden(OxfordUniversityPress),Sister Carolyn Green (The Cherwell Centre, Norham Gardens), Clare Hopkins (Trinity), David Horsfield (Ruskin College), Jill Hughes (Taylorian), John Jones(Balliol),ElaineKaye(Mansfield),JohnKaye(Queen’s),JohnMaddi- cott (Exeter), Martin Maw (Oxford University Press), Fiona Pidduck (Lin- coln), Margaret Sarosi (Harris-Manchester), Tony Simcock (Museum ofthe HistoryofScience),RobertaStaples(LadyMargaretHall),DavidSmith(St Anne’s), Lorise Topliffe (Exeter), Naomi van Loo (Pembroke), and Nick Watts (Physiology Laboratory); to Ruth Vyse, Margaret Macdonald, and Simon Bailey, successively University Archivists; to Philip Moss, who gave everyfacilityintheUniversityOffices;toClivePayneandMartinRangeof the Social Studies Faculty Computing Centre, whose computing expertise wasexceededonlybytheirpatiencewiththeinexpert;andtoSavileBradbury (Department of Human Anatomy), Lady Colvin, David Brock, Stephen Harrison (Corpus Christi), Roger Hutchins (Magdalen), Chantal Knowles (Pitt Rivers Museum), John Sanders (Clarendon Laboratory), Ian Scargill (School of Geography), and Oliver Westall (University of Lancaster), who preface vii helped in locating or identifying material. They are grateful, for permission tousecopyrightmaterialhithertounpublished,totheLiteraryExecutorsof the late Lord Bonham Carter (H. H. Asquith MSS) and Mrs Priscilla Hodgson (Margot Asquith diaries). They express their thanks to all those who worked with great efficiency on the production of this volume, and especiallytoCathyBrocklehurst,JudyGodley,PamHopes,MargaretHunt, BeverlyPotts,andMarionRogers;andtoIvonAsquithandAnneGellingof Oxford University Press. It is impossible to be sure that the acknowledge- ments here and throughout the volume are complete: to anyone omitted an apology is tendered. Nineteenth-Century Oxford, Part 2 owes much to many helpers; its faults do not lie withthem. Wewouldliketothankallthecontributorsfortheirunfailingpatienceand co-operation.JohnSimmonsgenerouslyundertookthetaskoflookingover the entire volume at proof stage. As in Part 1 we are deeply indebted to Eleanor Brock for compiling the Index (with the expert and unstinted help of Mark Pottle); the services of an indexer who is always available to be consulted are hard to overvalue, and have saved the volume from many errors and inconsistencies. Our more general gratitude for our wives’ help and forbearance goes far beyond what can be expressedhere. The University depicted in this volume may look modern at first glance. Bytheearly1880sithadshakenoffitsearlierdependenceontheChurchof England,andthosewhostaffedithadconcerns,suchasachievingabalance betweenteachingandresearch,whicharestillrecurrentandlikelytoremain so; but this does not mean that their Oxford resembled today’s in either opportunitiesorconstraints.Theirindependenceofgovernmentaldecisions mayseemenviable;buttheirpresent-daysuccessorsmightnot,forinstance, relishfacing,astheydid,acontinualshortageofwell-qualifiedapplicantsfor many of the undergraduate places available. Some of the problems of their day were almost insoluble and their efforts to grapple with these deserve respect. Oxford, February 2000 MichaelBrockandMarkCurthoys page viii page ix Contents Plates: list and commentary xiii List offigures xl List oftables xli List ofabbreviations xliii List ofcontributors liii List ofChancellors and Vice-Chancellors lv ‘A Secularized University’? 1 A‘plastic structure’ M. G.Brock 3 2 From theClevelandCommission tothe statutesof 1882 Christopher Harvie 67 3 Religious issues, 1870–1914 Peter Hinchliff 97 ANew Collegiate Pattern 4 The colleges inthenewera M. C.Curthoys 115 5 ‘Balliol, forexample’ John Prest 159 6 ‘Trainingin simple and religioushabits’: Keble and itsfirst Warden Geoffrey Rowell 171 7 ‘A Scotch University added toOxford’? The Non-Collegiate Students Alan Bullock 193 8 All Souls J. S.G. Simmons 209 9 Christ Church J. F.A. Mason 221 Note.The ChristChurchCommon Room under Dodgson, 1883–1892 Morton N.Cohen 232 10 ‘InOxford but...not of Oxford’: thewomen’scolleges Janet Howarth 237 Teaching and Scholarship 11 The zenith of Greats W. H.Walsh 311 x contents 12 Classical Studies, 1872–1914 Richard Jenkyns 327 13 AncientHistory,1872–1914 Oswyn Murray 333 14 ModernHistory Reba N.Soffer 361 15 Jurisprudence BarryNicholas 385 16 English D. J. Palmer 397 17 ModernLanguages and Linguistics Rebecca Posner 413 18 Music S. L. F. Wollenberg 429 19 Mathematics K. C.Hannabuss 443 20 ‘Oxfordfor Arts’: the Natural Sciences, 1880–1914 Janet Howarth 457 21 The PittRivers Collection William R. Chapman 499 Note A.The Medical School underOsler Charles Webster 504 Note B. The Ruskin School PhilipMorsberger 508 Note C.The patternof examinations, 1914 M. C.Curthoys 512 ‘The Muddied Oafs at The Goals’? 22 University and college sport H. S. Jones 517 23 Oxford and schooling J. R.de S. Honey and M. C.Curthoys 545 24 Origins and destinations: the social M. C.Curthoys mobility ofOxford men and women and Janet Howarth 571 ‘Oxford...Reforming itself’ 25 The self-governing University,1882–1914 Janet Howarth 599 26 The Oxford University Press Peter Sutcliffe 645 The University Reaches Outwards 27 ‘Extension’ in allits forms Anne Ockwell and Harold Pollins 661 28 Oxford and theEmpire Richard Symonds 689 29 The Rhodes scholars E. T. Williams 717

See more

The list of books you might like

Most books are stored in the elastic cloud where traffic is expensive. For this reason, we have a limit on daily download.