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The History Of The European Union: Constructing Utopia PDF

587 Pages·2019·5.163 MB·English
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THE HISTORY OF THE EUROPEAN UNION The European Union celebrated its 60th anniversary in 2017, but celebrations were a crisis of identity. However, as this seminal work shows, the history and ambition of the European Union are considerable. Written by key stakeholders who, between them, acted as archi- tects, adjudicators and arbitrators of the project, it presents the definitive history of the first two generations of the European Union. This book revisits the birth and consolidation of the great project of a united Europe and the political, institutional, judicial and economical frameworks of the European Union: from the process towards integration, to the advancements and the impasses in building a political union. ii The History of the European Union Constructing Utopia Edited by Giuliano Amato Enzo Moavero-Milanesi Gianfranco Pasquino Lucrezia Reichlin HART PUBLISHING Bloomsbury Publishing Plc Kemp House, Chawley Park, Cumnor Hill, Oxford, OX2 9PH, UK HART PUBLISHING, the Hart/Stag logo, BLOOMSBURY and the Diana logo are trademarks of Bloomsbury Publishing Plc First published in Great Britain 2019 Originally published by Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana, Rome, 2018 Original title: Europa. Un’utopia in costruzione Copyright © 2018 Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana The editors and contributors have asserted their right under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 to be identified as Authors of this work. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage or retrieval system, without prior permission in writing from the publishers. While every care has been taken to ensure the accuracy of this work, no responsibility for loss or damage occasioned to any person acting or refraining from action as a result of any statement in it can be accepted by the authors, editors or publishers. All UK Government legislation and other public sector information used in the work is Crown Copyright ©. All House of Lords and House of Commons information used in the work is Parliamentary Copyright ©. This information is reused under the terms of the Open Government Licence v3.0 (http://www. nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3) except where otherwise stated. All Eur-lex material used in the work is © European Union, http://eur-lex.europa.eu/, 1998–2019. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication data Names: Amato, Giuliano, editor. | Moavero-Milanesi, Enzo, editor. | Pasquino, Gianfranco, 1942- editor. Title: The history of the European Union : constructing utopia / edited by Giuliano Amato, Enzo Moavero-Milanesi, Gianfranco Pasquino, Lucrezia Reichlin. Description: Portland, Oregon : Hart, an imprint of Bloomsbury, [2019] Identifiers: LCCN 2018044041 (print) | LCCN 2018047232 (ebook) | ISBN 9781509917433 (Epub) | ISBN 9781509917419 (hardback : alk. paper) Subjects: LCSH: Europe—Economic integration—History. | European Union countries—Politics and government. | European Union countries—Economic integration. | European Union—History. Classification: LCC HC241.2 (ebook) | LCC HC241.2 .H527 2019 (print) | DDC 341.242/209—dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2018044041 ISBN: HB: 978-1-50991-741-9 ePDF: 978-1-50991-742-6 ePub: 978-1-50991-743-3 Typeset by Compuscript Ltd, Shannon To find out more about our authors and books visit www.hartpublishing.co.uk. Here you will find extracts, author information, details of forthcoming events and the option to sign up for our newsletters. TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Contributors ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������ix Introduction .....................................................................................................................................1 PART I COMMON ROOTS AND SHARED VALUES 1. Into the Future of a Common Past ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������7 Giuseppe Galasso 2. The Fundamental Goal of the European Project ���������������������������������������������������������������41 Giorgio Napolitano 3. Freedom, Democracy, Rule of Law �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������57 Giuliano Amato and Nicola Verola 4. Competition and Solidarity in the European Construct ���������������������������������������������������89 Mario Monti 5. The Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union ������������������������������������������113 Marta Cartabia PART II THE EUROPEAN UNION AND ITS INSTITUTIONAL SYSTEM: BASIC PRINCIPLES, COMPETENCES AND RESPONSIBILITIES 6. The Treaties that Created Europe �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������133 Marise Cremona 7. The Institutional Framework of the European Union �����������������������������������������������������151 Gian Luigi Tosato 8. The Acquis: European Union Law and So Many Laws ���������������������������������������������������171 Jacques Ziller 9. The Principle of the Primacy of EU Law Over the National Legal Systems of Member States ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������185 Sergio M Carbone vi Table of Contents 10. Legislation and Legislative Procedures Between the Parliament, the Council and the Commission ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������199 Andrea Manzella 11. Safeguarding Rights in EU Law Between the Commission and the Court of Justice �����215 Giuseppe Tesauro PART III THE EUROPEAN UNION AND THE PEOPLE: RIGHTS AND OPPORTUNITIES 12. Non-discrimination and Protection of Diversity and Minorities ������������������������������������239 Marco Ventura 13. The European Union: An Area for Freedom, Security and Justice ����������������������������������257 Bruno Nascimbene 14. Education and Training in Europe: Students and the Erasmus Programme �����������������273 Francesco Profumo and Giovanni Biondi 15. Tax Harmonisation �����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������285 Franco Gallo PART IV THE EU ECONOMIC AND MONETARY UNION AND ACTIONS FOR ITS SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 16. The Economic Governance of the Euro Area �������������������������������������������������������������������301 Marco Buti and Martin Larch 17. The European Central Bank ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������321 Lucrezia Reichlin 18. Fiscal Rules in the Economic and Monetary Union ��������������������������������������������������������339 Justine Feliu and Guntram B Wolff 19. The Social Dimension of the European Market: Between Tradition and Challenges ����367 Vera Zamagni 20. The European Regional Development Policies �����������������������������������������������������������������385 Gianfranco Viesti PART V THE EU AND THE WORLD: COMPETITION WITHIN THE EU MARKET AND EXTERNAL RELATIONS (WITH NON-MEMBER COUNTRIES) 21. Rules to Guarantee Free Competition ������������������������������������������������������������������������������401 Enzo Moavero-Milanesi 22. The Common Commercial Policy: Efficiency and Legitimacy ����������������������������������������415 Pascal Lamy Table of Contents vii PART VI POLITICAL CHALLENGES AND DISPUTES WITHIN THE EUROPEAN UNION 23. Resisting European Integration: The Variegated Forms of Anti-EU Protest �������������������429 Yves Mény and Giorgio Mocavini 24. The Union Facing Fractures, Centrifugal Thrusts and New Applications for Accession ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������455 Sylvie Goulard 25. The Democratic Deficit �����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������485 Gianfranco Pasquino 26. Towards a New Constitutional Debate? ���������������������������������������������������������������������������509 Renaud Dehousse PART VII CONCLUSION 27. The States’ Upcoming Choice: Move Ahead All Together, Some Members Only or Alone?�������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������535 Joseph HH Weiler and Johann Justus Vasel Index �����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������561 viii LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS Giuliano Amato Judge, Italian Constitutional Court Giuseppe Galasso Historian, Professor of Medieval and Modern History. Professor Galasso died in 2018 Giorgio Napolitano President Emeritus of the Italian Republic Mario Monti President of Bocconi University, Senator-for-life of the Italian Republic Marta Cartabia Full Professor of Constitutional Law, Vice President of the Italian Constitutional Court Marise Cremona Professor Emeritus, European University Institute Gian Luigi Tosato Professor Emeritus of International Law and European Community Law, Sapienza University of Rome; Professor of European Community Law, LUISS University, Rome Jacques Ziller Full Professor of EU Law, University of Pavia Sergio M Carbone Emeritus Professor of Law Andrea Manzella President, Center for Parliamentary Studies, LUISS University, Rome Giuseppe Tesauro President Emeritus, Constitutional Court of the Italian Republic; Professor Emeritus, University of Naples Federico II Marco Ventura Law Professor at the University of Siena Bruno Nascimbene Full Professor of European Law University of Milan Francesco Profumo President of Compagnia di Sanpaolo

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