The History of Linguistics in Spain 2

486 Pages·2001·9.988 MB·English

by  E.F.K. Koerner, Hans-Josef Niederehe

HISTORY OF LINGUISTICS IN SPAIN/
HISTORIA DE LA LINGUISTICA EN ESPANA
AMSTERDAM STUDIES IN THE THEORY AND
HISTORY OF LINGUISTIC SCIENCE
General Editor
E.F. KONRAD KOERNER
(University of Ottawa)
Series III - STUDIES IN THE HISTORY OF THE LANGUAGE SCIENCES
Advisory Editorial Board
Sylvain Auroux (Lyon); Ranko Bugarski (Belgrade)
Lia Formigari (Rome); John E. Joseph (Edinburgh)
Hans-Josef Niederehe (Trier); Emilio Ridruejo (Valladolid)
Rosane Rocher (Philadelphia); Vivian Salmon (London)
Kees Versteegh (Nijmegen)
Volume ioo
Edited by E.F.K. Koerner and Hans-Josef Niederehe
History of Linguistics in Spain/
Historia de la Linguistica en España
Volume II
HISTORY OF LINGUISTICS
IN SPAIN
HISTORIA DE LA LINGUISTICA
EN ESPAÑA
VOLUME II
EDITED BY
E.F.K. KOERNER
University of Ottawa
HANS-JOSEF NIEDEREHE
Universitat Trier
JOHN BENJAMINS PUBLISHING COMPANY
AMSTERDAM/PHILADELPHIA
The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of American
National Standard for Information Sciences — Permanence of Paper for Printed
Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48-1984.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
History of Linguistics in Spain = Historia de la lingiiistica en Espafia. volume II / edited by E.F.K.
Koerner, Hans-Josef Niederehe.
p. cm. -- (Amsterdam studies in the theory and history of linguistic science. Series III,
Studies in the history of the language sciences, ISSN 0304-0720; v. 100)
English, Spanish, and French; summaries in English.
Continues: The history of linguistics in Spain / edited by Antonio Quilis & Hans-J. Niederehe.
1986.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
1. Linguistics-Spain-History. I. Title: Historia de la lingiiistica en España. II. Koerner, E.F.K.. III.
Neiderehe, Hans-Josef, 1937-. IV. Quilis, Antonio. V. Series.
P81.S7 H57 2001 2001025626
4io'946--dc2i
ISBN 90 272 4589 4 (Eur.) / 1 58811 075 3 (US) (Hb; alk. paper)
© 2001 - John Benjamins B.V.
No part of this book may be reproduced in any form, by print, photoprint, microfilm, or any other
means, without written permission from the publisher.
John Benjamins Publishing Co. • P.O.Box 63224 • 1020 ME Amsterdam • The Netherlands
John Benjamins North America • P.O.Box 27519 • Philadelphia PA 19118-0519 • USA
FOREWORD & ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Looking back on the 27-year history of the life of Historiographia Lin-
guistica I see a fairly good track record of publications of studies devoted to
Iberian linguistic thought, notably following Professor Hans-Josef Niedere-
he's consent, late in 1976, to join me as Associate Editor of this Journal. In
fact, prior to the early 1980s, which saw the publication of the Spanish trans­
lation of my book on Saussure (Madrid: Gredos, 1982) as well as Manuel
Breva-Claramonte's book on Sanctius' theory of language (Amsterdam: John
Benjamins, 1983), my own contacts with scholars from Spain had been min­
imal.
The present volume brings together what the editors believe to be a good re­
presentation of scholarly research devoted the the History of Spanish Lin­
guistics which have appeared in recent years in Historiographia Linguistica.
(On possible lacunae, I refer to Professor Niederehe's Introduction to this
volume.) It follows up on a previously published volume in the "Studies in
the History of the Language Sciences" (No.34) series which, if truth be told,
was in effect brought together by the second-named editor together with
another person who prefers to remain anonymous. Unlike the present one, the
earlier — unfortunately by now long since out of print — volume, published
in 1986, which reprinted without changes the texts of all contributions to HL
XI: 1/2 (1984), with indices of names and of subjects added, this time, while
we opted for inclusion of the majority of articles that had earlier appeared in
volume XXIV (1997), we invited two scholars, Maria Dolores Martinez
Gavilan and Manuel Breva-Claramonte, to submit major previously un­
published studies in order to round out the volume. Several other papers here
included go back to much earlier issues of the journal (for instance one of the
three so far contributed to HL by Brigitte Lepinette). All have been updated
and some, notably the last-named one, considerably.
That we did not have to scrape the bottom of the barrel in order to fill the pre­
sent volume may be gathered from the following chronological list that we
did not include in the present book a considerable number of other possible
candidates (in addition to those already published in SiHoLS 34):
Malcolm K. Read (Auckland, N.Z.): Linguistic Theory and the Problem of
Mutism: The contributions of Juan Pablo Bonet and Lorenzo Hervas y Pan-
duro (HL IV:3.303-318, 1977);
Rudolf Zimmer (Bayreuth): Die 'Orthographia Kastellana' des Gonzao Cor-
reas aus dem Jahre 1630 (HL VIIL1.23-62, 1981);
VI FOREWORD & ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Wolfgang Schweickard (Jena): 'Etymologia est origo vocabulorum ...': Zum
Verstandnis der Etymologiedefinition Isidors von Seville (HL XII: 1/2.1-25,
1985);
Jose Miguel Hernandez Terres (Murcia): La herencia de la retorica classica
en la Minerva de Francisco Sanchez de Las Brozas (HL XII:3.373-387,
1985);
Ricardo Escavy Zamora (Murcia): Aspectos de la aportacion hispanica de la
teoría general del pronombre (HL XIV:3.243-265, 1987);
Brigitte Lepinette (Valencia): Contribution a l'etude du Tesoro de Sebastian
de Covarrubias (1611) (HL XVII:3.257-310, 1989);
Brigitte Lepinette (Valencia): La posteriority lexicographique de Nebrija: Les
Vocabulaires nebrissensis latin-frangais (1511-1541) (HL XIX:2/3. 227-
260, 1992);
Jose Luis Giron Alconchel (Madrid): La doctrina y el uso de los futuros en
las gramaticas renacentistas (HL XXIV: 1/2.15-28, 1997);
Jose Antonio Martinez Garcia (Oviedo): La incidencia de Lenz: Una tra-
dicion de America a España (HL XXIV:3.307-330, 1997).
Eugenia Casielles Suarez (Detroit, Mich.): El tratamiento del orden de pala-
bras en algunas gramaticas espanoles de los siglos XIX y XX (HL
XXVIL2/3. 415-436, 2000).
As everyone knows, no collective volume like the present one could ever
materialize without the collaboration of its contributors. I'd like to thank
many of them for their assistance and advice, notably Manuel Bruna Cuevas,
Margarita Lliteras, Maria Dolores Martinez Gavilan, Keith Percival, Emilio
Ridruejo, and Barry L. Velleman for helping me with the completion — and
correction, as much as this was possible, of the names and life-dates for the
Index of Biographical Names as well as other details.
Another feature that distinguishes History of Linguistics in Spain II from its
predecessor is that the editors decided — against the view of some purists
who may hold that only those who know Spanish well should benefit from
such a volume — in order to give the present volume more of a bilingual (if
not trilingual, since it contains two contributions written in French) character
and to help those interested in the subject but not (yet) sufficiently immersed
in the language and its grammatical traditions to read the scholarship in
Spanish with ease — to add detailed English summaries of all the (indeed
many) contributions not written in that language.
The 347-page double HL issue of 1984 devoted to the History of Linguistics
in Spain was dedicaed to Yakov Malkiel in recognition of his tremendous
contribution to Romance scholarship on the occasion of his 70th birthday.
This time, we can dedicate the present volume to his memory only, as
Professor Malkiel died in Berkeley, California, on 24 May 1998.
Ottawa-Hull, Canada, 28 December 2000 E. F. K. Koerner
CONTENTS / INDICE
Foreword & Acknowledgements v
Introduction por Hans-Josef Niederehe . . . ix
I. Renaissance and the Golden Age / Renacimiento y Edad de Oro
W. Keith Percival (Lawrence, Kansas): Nebrija's Syntactic Theory in its
Historical Setting 3
Carmen Codoñer (Salamanca): Evolution en los diccionarios de Antonio
Nebrija, 1492-1512 17
Miguel Angel Esparza Torres (Vigo) & Vicente Calvo Fernandez (Madrid):
La 'Grammatica proverbiandi' y la 'Nova ratio Nebrissensis' . 35
Jose Luis Giron Alconchel (Madiid): Nebrija y las gramaticas del español
en el Siglo de Oro 57
Angelo Mazzocco (South Hadley, Mass.): The Italian Connection in Juan
de Valdes' Didlogo de la lengua (1535) 79
Juan M. Lope Blanch (Mexico): Las Osservationi de Giovanni Miranda
(Venecia, 1566) 96
María Dolores Martinez Gavilan (Leon): La Grammatica audax de Juan
Caramuel y las corrientes linguísticas del siglo XVII............... 107
II. The 18th Century / Siglo XVIII
Brigitte Lepinette (Valencia): La grammaire contrastive franco-espagnole
de la premiere moitie du XVIIIe siecle: Analyse de six ouvrages ..... 137
Hans-J. Niederehe (Treveris): La gramaticografía del siglo XVIII, entre
tradition y reorientation 181
María Jose Martinez Alcalde (Valencia): Gramaticas y Ortografias es-
pañolas academicas en el siglo XVIII 195
Margarita Lliteras (Valladolid): Sobre la Formation del Corpus de Auto-
ridades en la Gramatica Espanola 215
Manuel Bruña Cuevas (Sevilla): L'universalite de la langue française
dans les grammaires de frangais pour les espagnols et dans les diction-
naires bilingues anterieurs a 1815 229
Viii TABLE OF CONTENTS
III. The 19th and 20th Centuries / Siglos XIXy XXManuel Breva-Claramonte (Bilbao): Data Collection and Data Analysis
in Lorenzo Hervas: Laying the ground for modern linguistic typology . 265
Emilio Ridruejo (Valladolid): Los Epígonos del Racionalismo en Espana:
La aplicacion al castellano de la Gramdtica general de Gomez
Hermosilla 281
Marina Maquieira (Leon): La Nueva Gramdtica de la lengua Castellana
de Martinez de Noboa: La coherencia interna de una doctrina ....... 301
Mauro Fernandez (La Coruña): Las primeras propuestas de 'selection de
norma' para el gallego: Del Padre Sarmiento a fines del siglo XIX . . . 323
Joaqum Mesa (Cordoba): Arte de hablar y pragmatica: Notas sobre el pen-
samiento linguistico de Eduardo Benot (1822-1907) 341
Jose del Valle (Bronx, N.Y.): La historificacion de la linguistica historical
Los Origenes de Ramon Menendez Pidal 367
IV. Hispanoamericana
Barry L. Velleman (Milwaukee, Wis.): Domingo Fausti.no Sarmiento y la
funcion social de la lengua 391
Enrique Obediente (Merida, Venezuela) & Francesco D'Introno (Amherst,
Mass.): Andres Bello: Sus antecedentes en la filosofia britanica y su
proyeccion en la lingiiistica moderna 407
Maria Angeles Alvares Martinez (Madrid): Rodolfo Lenz: Contribution
gramatical y lexicografica 423
Addresses of Contributors / Direcciones de autores 439
Index of Biographical Names / Indice de autores 441
Index of Subjects & Terms / Indice tematico 451
ILLUSTRATIONS / ILUSTRATIONES
Portrait of Antonio de Nebrija (courtesy of Emilio Ridruejo, Valladolid)..... 9
Giovanni Miranda, Osservationi della lingua castigliana (Venecia, 1566)* .... 134
Real Academia Espanola, Gramdtica de la lengua castellana (Madrid, 1771)* , 214
Lorenzo Hervas, Catdlogo de las lenguas de las naciones conocidas, vol.1
(Madrid, 1800 — courtesy of Emilio Ridruejo, Valladolid)............... 264
Antonio Martinez de Noboa, Nueva Gramdtica de la lengua castellana segun
los principios de la filosofia gramatical (Madrid, 1839) ................. 300
Eduardo Benot, Arquitectura de las lenguas, vol.1 (Madrid, [c.1889]— cour­
tesy of Emilio Ridruejo, Valladolid) 340
Portrait of Domingo Fausto Sarmiento (1811-1888) ..................... 390
Andres Bello, Gramdtica de la lengua castellana (Santiago de Chile, 1847)* . 406
* All asterisked reproductions have kindly been provided by Juan M. Lope Blanch (Mexico).
INTRODUCCIÓN
LA LINGUISTICA EN EL AMBITO HISPANOHABLANTE
HANS-J. NIEDEREHE
Universidad de Treveris, Alemania
1. De los albores de la lingiiistica en Espafia a la Edad Media
El cultivo de la la lingiiistica en la Peninsula Iberica se remonta, como ha
senalado acertadamente Ramon Sarmiento (1992), a la Antiguedad Clasica, a
los maestros de retorica Seneca "el Viejo" (c.55 a.C-c.40 d.C), de Cordoba,
y a Marco Fabio Quintiliano (c.35-c.l00), de Calahorra.
Con Isidoro de Sevilla (c.570-636) se llega, siglos mas tarde, a otra etapa
importante de la historia de la lingiiistica en España. Sus Etymologiarum libri
XX, una enciclopedia que encierra el saber de aquel tiempo, ejerceran una
influencia profunda sobre toda la lexicografía de la Edad Media.
Mas tarde, la Espafia del siglo XII se convertira en un foco de atraccion
para los eruditos de todos los países del mundo conocido gracias a la famosa
Escuela de traductores de Toledo. De entre los arabes, judíos y cristianos res-
identes en esa ciudad, un 'italiano', el lombardo Gerardo de Cremona (1114—
1187), destaca por sus numerosas traducciones filosoficas y cientificas del
arabe (cf. Briesemeister en Lexikon des Mittelalters I, p.942). En su tratado
De divisione philosophiae, que habria de convertirse en fuente de todos los
tratados ulteriores analogos, otro autor, Domingo Gundisalvo (c.l110-1181/
1190), alcanzo a proponer una sistematizacion de los saberes, al tiempo que,
en otra de sus obras, el De scientiis, declara desde el principio: "Omnium
scientiarum prima est scientia lingue naturaliter" (ed. 1954:59).
Un siglo mas tarde sera en Francia, sin embargo, donde se desarrollaran
esas ideas. Espafia deja entonces de guiar el mundo intelectual en lo relativo a
las scientiae linguae y cede el mando a su vecino septentrional, que había
empezado a echar los cimientos de la universidad europea en los primeros
afios del siglo XIII.