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415 Pages·2017·2.26 MB·English
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THE HISTORIANS OF ANGEVIN ENGLAND The Historians of Angevin England MICHAEL STAUNTON 1 3 GreatClarendonStreet,Oxford,OX26DP, UnitedKingdom OxfordUniversityPressisadepartmentoftheUniversityofOxford. ItfurtherstheUniversity’sobjectiveofexcellenceinresearch,scholarship, andeducationbypublishingworldwide.Oxfordisaregisteredtrademarkof OxfordUniversityPressintheUKandincertainothercountries ©MichaelStaunton2017 Themoralrightsoftheauthorhavebeenasserted FirstEditionpublishedin2017 Impression:1 Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedin aretrievalsystem,ortransmitted,inanyformorbyanymeans,withoutthe priorpermissioninwritingofOxfordUniversityPress,orasexpresslypermitted bylaw,bylicenceorundertermsagreedwiththeappropriatereprographics rightsorganization.Enquiriesconcerningreproductionoutsidethescopeofthe aboveshouldbesenttotheRightsDepartment,OxfordUniversityPress,atthe addressabove Youmustnotcirculatethisworkinanyotherform andyoumustimposethissameconditiononanyacquirer PublishedintheUnitedStatesofAmericabyOxfordUniversityPress 198MadisonAvenue,NewYork,NY10016,UnitedStatesofAmerica BritishLibraryCataloguinginPublicationData Dataavailable LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2016957138 ISBN 978–0–19–876996–5 PrintedinGreatBritainby ClaysLtd,StIvesplc LinkstothirdpartywebsitesareprovidedbyOxfordingoodfaithand forinformationonly.Oxforddisclaimsanyresponsibilityforthematerials containedinanythirdpartywebsitereferencedinthiswork. Acknowledgements This book originated with a Government of Ireland Senior Research Fellowship, which allowed me a year of exploratory research. I would like to thank the Irish Research Council for their generosity, without which no such project could have been begun. Most of the book was written in Dublin, and I am grateful to the support of my colleagues in the School of History, University College Dublin, throughoutthatperiod.Ialsobenefitedgreatlyfrommytimeasavisitingresearch fellowattheCenterforMedievalStudies,FordhamUniversity,NewYork,andat BardCollege,NewYork.Manypeoplecontributedinmanydifferentwaystothe completion of this book. I am most grateful to those who read parts of the manuscript at different stages, butI would also like to thank those who discussed the subject with me, directed me towards sources, gave me particular pieces of information, or corrected me. I also appreciate those in Dublin, New York, London, Cambridge, and elsewhere who helped to facilitate research and writing in various ways. All of the following contributed positively to the book, none are responsibleformistakes,nordotheynecessarilysharetheviewsandinterpretations expressed: Richard Aldous, Haki Antonsson, Martin Aurell, Sverre Bagge, Kate Breslin,StephenChurch,LauraCleaver,EdwardColeman,ChristopherdeHamel, Anne Duggan, Christoph Egger, Gillian Evans, Jennifer Farrell, Marie Therese Flanagan, Roy Flechner, Thomas Foerster, Susan Foran, John Gillingham, Chris Given-Wilson, Julie Kerr, Maryanne Kowaleski, Marisa Libbon, Gillian O’Brien, NancyPartner,NicholasPaul,JonathanPhillips,SeymourPhillips,ManuelRojas, Nina Rowe, Bernardo Santano, Diarmuid Scully, Sigbjørn Sønnesyn, Matthew Strickland, Karen Sullivan, Craig Taylor, Biörn Tjällén, Nicholas Vincent, Björn Weiler, Andrea Worm, Suzanne Yeager. Special thanks are due to Jane Folpe for witnessing the book from start to finish. Finally, I would like to mention two people who did not live to read this. One is Jennifer O’Reilly, my first teacher of medieval history. The other is my mother, May, who would occasionally ask me, ‘Areyoustillwritingthatbookofyours?’Thatbookisdedicatedtoher. Contents Abbreviations ix 1. Introduction 1 PART I. THE WRITERS AND HISTORIOGRAPHY IN ANGEVIN ENGLAND 2. WritingContemporaryHistoryinMedievalEngland 19 3. RogerofHowden:AHistorianinGovernment 51 4. RalphofDiceto:PuttingEnglishHistoryinitsPlace 67 5. WilliamofNewburgh:HistoryandInterpretation 82 6. GeraldofWales:ThePolymathasHistorian 95 7. GervaseofCanterburyandRalphofCoggeshall: TheScopeofEnglishHistory 108 8. RichardofDevizes,WalterMap,andRicharddeTemplo: HistoryandLiterature 128 PART II. THE MAIN THEMES OF ANGEVIN HISTORIOGRAPHY 9. HenryIIandAngevinKingship 153 10. TheRiseandFallofHenryII 165 11. Rebellion 185 12. TheLossofJerusalemandtheThirdCrusade 216 13. TheBattlesofGodandKingRichard 236 14. TheTrialsoftheLionheart 260 15. ChurchandGovernmentfromBeckettoLongchamp 281 16. Outsiders:Women,thePoor,Heretics,andJews 308 17. TheEnglishandtheirNeighbours 338 18. Conclusion 362 Bibliography 367 Index 389 Abbreviations Ambroise Ambroise.TheHistoryoftheHolyWar:Ambroise’sEstoiredela guerresainte.EditedandtranslatedbyMarianneAilesandMal- colmBarber.2vols.Woodbridge,2003. AnnalesMonastici AnnalesMonastici,editedbyHenryR.Luard.5vols.RollsSeries 36.London,1866–9. ANS Anglo-NormanStudies Bede,EH Bede.Bede’sEcclesiasticalHistoryoftheEnglishPeople.Editedand translated by Bertram Colgrave and R. A. B. Mynors. Oxford, 1969. CCCM CorpusChristianorumContinuatioMediaevalis CCSL CorpusChristianorum,SeriesLatina Chronica RogerofHowden.ChronicaMagistriRogerideHouedene.Edited byWilliamStubbs.4vols.RollsSeries51.London,1868–71. Chronicles,ed.Howlett ChroniclesoftheReignsofStephen,HenryIIandRichardI,vols 1–2. Edited by Richard Howlett. Rolls Series 82. London, 1884–5. Coggeshall RalphofCoggeshall.RadulphideCoggeshallChroniconAnglica- num, De expugnatione Terrae Sanctae libellus; Thomas Agnellus DemorteetsepulturaHenriciregisAngliaejunioris;GestaFulconis filiiWarini;ExcerptaexOtiisimperialibusGervasiiTilebutiensis. EditedbyJosephStevenson.RollsSeries66.London,1875. CSEL CorpusScriptorumEcclesiasticorumLatinorum CTB TheCorrespondenceofThomasBecket,ArchbishopofCanterbury, 1162–1170.EditedbyAnneDuggan.2vols.Oxford,2000. Derebus GeraldofWales.Derebusasegestis,inGerald,Opera,vol.1. Desc.Kam. GeraldofWales.DescriptioKambriae,inGerald,Opera,vol.6. Devizes RichardofDevizes.TheChronicleofRichardofDevizesofthe Time of King Richard the First. Edited by John T. Appleby. London,1963. Diceto RalphofDiceto.RadulfideDicetoDecaniLundoniensisOpera Historica:TheHistoricalWorksofMasterRalphdeDiceto,Deanof London. Edited by William Stubbs. 2 vols. Rolls Series 68. London,1876. EHR TheEnglishHistoricalReview Expugnatio GeraldofWales.ExpugnatioHibernica:TheConquestofIreland. EditedbyA.B.ScottandF.X.Martin.Dublin,1978. Fantosme JordanFantosme.JordanFantosme’sChronicle.Editedby R.C.Johnston.Oxford,1981. Gerald,Opera GeraldofWales.GiraldiCambrensisOpera.Editedby J.S.Brewer,JamesF.Dimock,andGeorgeF.Warner.8vols. RollsSeries21.London,1861–91.

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The Historians of Angevin England is a study of the explosion of creativity in historical writing in England in the late twelfth and early thirteenth centuries, and what this tells us about the writing of history in the middle ages. Many of those who wrote history under the Angevin kings of England
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