The Heart of Russia: Trinity-Sergius, Monasticism, and Society After 1825

547 Pages·2010·5.325 MB·English

by  Scott Mark Kenworthy

The Heart of Russia
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The Heart of Russia
Trinity-Sergius, Monasticism,
1825
and Society after
scott m. kenworthy
Woodrow Wilson Center Press
Washington, D.C.
1
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Copyright © 2010by Scott Kenworthy
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Kenworthy, Scott M.
The heart of Russia : Trinity-Sergius, monasticism, and society after 1825/ Scott M. Kenworthy.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references (p. ) and index.
ISBN978-0-19-973613-3(hardcover)
1. Troitse-Sergieva lavra—History—19th century. 2. Sergiev Posad (Russia)—Church history—
19th century. 3. Christian sociology—Russkaia pravoslavnaia tserkov’—History—19th century.
4. Troitse-Sergieva lavra—History—20th century. 5. Sergiev Posad (Russia)—Church history—20th
century. 6. Christian sociology—Russkaia pravoslavnaia tserkov’—History—20th century. I. Title.
BX583.T7K46 2010
271(cid:97).8194731—dc22 2010027616
1 3 5 7 9 8 6 4 2
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Joseph B. Gildenhorn, Chair
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Public members: James H. Billington, Librarian of Congress; Hillary R. Clinton, Secre-
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To my parents,
Joseph H. Kenworthy and Nevenka Panjkovic Kenworthy
The House of the Life-Creating Trinity is and was always recognized as the heart
of Russia, and the builder of this house, Venerable Sergius of Radonezh, as . . . the
Guardian Angel of Russia. . . . In order to understand Russia, one has to under-
stand the Lavra.
—Pavel Florenskii, The Trinity-St. Sergius Lavra and Russia,1919
Contents
Tables and Figures xi
Acknowledgments xiii
1 Introduction: Reviving Monasticism in Modern Russia 1
2 Trinity-Sergius: The Heart of Russia 33
3 Gethsemane: The Cradle of Monasticism 73
4 Monks: Social History and Spiritual Life 111
5 Pilgrims: Pilgrimage, Relics, and Miracles 169
6 Reform: Revered Elders and Monastic Congresses 221
7 Politics: Monasticism on the Eve of Revolution 254
8 Revolution: Trinity-Sergius and the Bolsheviks, 1917–1921 292
9 Golgotha: Revival and Terror, 1921–1938 329
10 Epilogue: Resurrection 368
Notes 389
Glossary 475
Bibliography 483
Index 511
ix