The Hansa Towns

401 Pages·15.523 MB·English

by  Zimmern Helen.

THE HANSA TOWNS.
THE STORY OF THE NATIONS.
Large Crown Sv0, Cloth^ Illustrated^ $s.
1. ROME. ARTHUR OILMAN, M.A.
THE
2. JEWS. Prof. J. K. HOSMER.
3. GERMANY. Rev. S. BARING-GOULD, M.A.
CARTHAGE.
4. ALEXANDER'SProfE.MA.PIJ.RCEH.URCH.
5. Prof. J. P.
MAHAFFY.
6. THE MOORS IN SPAIN. STANLEY
LANE-POOLE.
ANCIENT EGYPT. Canon RAWLINSON.
87.. HUNGARY. Prof. A. VAMBRY.
9. THE SARACENS. A. OILMAN, M.A.
ro. IRELAND. Hon. EMILY LAWLESS.
11. CHALD-32A. Z. A. RAGOZIN.
12. THE GOTHS. HENRY BRADLEY.
13. ASSYRIA. Z. A. RAGOZIN.
TURKEY. STANLEY LANE-POOLE.
14.
15. HOLLAND. Piof. J. E. THOROLD ROGERS.
16. MEDIAEVAL FRANCE. Prof. GUSTAVE
MASSON.
17. PERSIA. S. G. W. BENJAMIN.
18. PHOENICIA. Canon RAWLINSON,
2109.. TMEHDEIAH.ANZS.AA.TROAWGONZISN.. HELENZIMMERN.
2221.. ETAHRELBYABRRBIATRAYIN.CORPSroAf.IRA.S.J. CSHTUARNCLHEY.
LANE-POOLE.
23. RTUHSESIJAE.WSW.UR.NMDOERFRILLR,OMM.AA.N RULE.
24.
W. DOUGLAS MORRISON.
25. SCOTLAND. JOHN MACKINTOSH, LL.D.
26. SWITZERLAND. Mrs. LINA, HUG and
RICHARD STEAD.
MEXICO. SUSAN HALE.
27.
London
:
T. PISHEE UFWTN", Paternoster Square, E,C.
VIEW OF HAMBURG.
THE
TOWNS
HANSA
HELEN ZIMMERN
AUTHOROF "ALIFEOFLESSING,""HEROIC TALES FROM FIRDUSI,"ETC.
SECOWfi
FISHER UNWIN
T.
PATKRNOSTER SQUARE
NEW YORK : G. P. PUTNAM'S SONS
MUUX'XCI
EnteredatStationers'Hall
BY T. FISHER UNWIN
COPYRIGHT BY G. P. PUTNAM'S SONS, 1889
MFoivthe-lhittedStatesofAmerica".
PREFACE.
IN bringing before the public what I believe to be
the first History of the Hanseatic League, it gives
me pleasure to think that the impetus to write it
came from the United States. The work was sug-
gested to me bymyvalued friend,Mr. G. H. Putnam,
of New York, a citizen of the country in which the
principle of federation is best understood and most
thoroughly carried out. The Hansa was one of the
earliest representatives of that federal spirit which
will, beyond doubt, some day help to solve many
of the heavy and grievous problems with which we
of the Old World are struggling ; but that day is
not and meantime we have much to learn both
yet,
from the successes and failures of the past
I have, of course, assumed in my readers some
knowledge of German History, such as they can
derive from Professor Bryce's inimitable "Holy
Roman Empire," or from Baring-Gould's "Story of
Germany/' one of the earlier volumes oi this series.
In conclusion, I desire to express my verycordial
thanks to Dr. Otto^Benecke, Keeper of the State
Archives of the city of Hamburg, and to my uncle,
Vlll PREFACE.
,
Dr. Carl Leo, Syndic of the .same town, for the
generosity with which they have accorded me valu-
able assistance in the preparation of this volume. I
have further to thank Miss L. Toulmin Smith for
help in revision of the MS., and for many useful
suggestions. To my sister, Miss Alice Zimmern,
and to Dr. Richard Garnett, of the British Museum,
I am indebted for aid in proof-reading.
HELEN ZIMMERN.
FLORENCE,
March
i, 1889.
CONTENTS.
....
~
^
PREFACE .{\,H
PROEM 1-7
PERIOD L
I.
THE DAWN OF A GREAT TRADE GUILD . . 11-20
Teutonic Merchants, 15 Travelling in Early Times, 17-
OriginoftheGuilds, 19.
11.
FEDERATION 21-29
TheStoryof "Winetha,"23 TheIslandofGothland, 25
"SaltKolberg,"27 Unhansing, 29.
III.
FOREIGN TRADE 30-47
SocialConditions,31 Enslavementofthe MiddleClass, 35
Italian Influences, 37 Burgher Home Rule, 43 League
oftheBalticTowns,45 TheTitle"Hansa,"47.
IV.
THE HANSA FIGHTS
48-69
TheHerringFisheries,49 Waldemar,51- TheFirstAttack,
53 Sack of Wisby, 55 Copenhagen Plundered, 57
PunishmentofWittenborg,59 TheCologneFederation,61
GrowingStrengthoftheLeague,63 FlightofWaldemar,65
Treatyof Stralsund,67 ACuriousChapterinHistory,69.
PERIOD
II.
THE HISTORY OF THE HANSEATIC LEAGUE,
FROM TO THE PUBLIC PEACE OF
1370 1495,
DECREED IN GERMANY BY MAXIMILIAN
I.
I,
PAGE
LUBECK RECEIVES AN IMPERIAL VISITOR 73-81
Hesitation of Liibeck, 75 Procession from St, Gertrude's
Chapel,77 LubeckHospitality,79 RecordsoftheVisit,81.
II.
THE TOWNS IN THE FOURTEENTH CENTURY 82-125
TheBan ofthe Hansa,83 Submission ofBrunswick,85
Prominence ofthe Cities, 87 Population ofLiibeck, 89
Characteristics of the Germans, 91 Independence of the
Towns,93 TheMaritimePorts, 95 Exports oftheHansa,
97 ConditionsofTrade, 101 Specie, Credit,andBills,103
The Extent of Mediaeval Trade, 105 The Churches and
ReligiousBuildings,107 HanseaticArchitectureandArt,109
ScienceandLiterature,in TheMayEmperor, 113 Cus-
toms, Restrictions, and Regulations, 117 Luxury in Dress,
119 The Town Council, 121 The Town-hall, 123
Mediaeval Patriotism, 125.
III.....
THE VICTUAL BROTHERS 126-136
PlunderofBergen,127 Stortebek'er, 129 SimonofUtrecht,
131 Execution ofStortebeker, 133.
IV.
....
THE FACTORY or BERGEN 137-147
History ofBergen, 139 Shoemaker's Alley, 141 Constitu-
tion ofthe Factory, 143 BarbarousPractices, 147.
CONTENTS. XI
V.
PA<;B
THE HANSEATIC COMMERCE W.ITH.DE.NMA.RK,
SWEDEN, AND RUSSIA 148-162
Skanoe and Falsterbo, 149 The Pious Brotherhood of
Malmb, 151 TheHansaatNovgorod,153 TheCourtofSt.
Peter, 155 Furs, Metals, Honey,andWax, 157 TheLom-
bardsversusthe Hansa, 159 Ivan the TerribleSacksNov-
gorod, 161.
VI.
THE COMMERCE OF THE LEAGUE WITH THE
NETHERLANDS AND SOUTHERN EUROPE . 163-178
The Flemish Trade Guilds, 165 Hansa Factoryat Bruges,
167 Suspension ofTrade with Flanders, 169 -Trade with
Antwerp, 171 -Relations with France, 173 -The Hansa in
Portugal and Italy, 175 Italian CultureinSouth Germany,
177-
VII.....
THE STEELYARD IN LONDON 179-201
The TLinseatic Rothschilds, iSi- Hanseatics Hated by the
People, 183 Rupture with England, 185 The Key to the
City's Commerce, 187 Description ofthe Steelyard, 189
InnerLifeoftheFactory, 191 -TheEnglishConciliated. 193
Depots throughout England, 195 The Hansas Part in
Ceremonies, 199 ReligionoftheEnglish Hanseatics, 201.
VIII.
THE ORGANIZATION OF THE HANSEATICLEAGUE 202-208
TheDiets,203 MinutesoftheDiet'sProceedings, 205.
PERIOD IIL
THE DECLINE AND FALL OF THE HANSA.
INTRODUCTION 211-216
Decay ofthe Feudal System, 213 The ThirtyYears' War,
215.