The Handy Science Answer Book (The Handy Answer Book Series) PDF
Preview The Handy Science Answer Book (The Handy Answer Book Series)
00 - Science Front Matter 8/6/08 9:33 AM Page i THE HANDY SCIENCE ANSWER BOOK 00 - Science Front Matter 8/6/08 9:33 AM Page ii The Handy Answer Book™ Series The Handy Answer Book for Kids (and Parents) The Handy Bug Answer Book The Handy Dinosaur Answer Book The Handy Geography Answer Book The Handy History Answer Book The Handy Ocean Answer Book The Handy Physics Answer Book The Handy Politics Answer Book The Handy Religion Answer Book The Handy Science Answer Book The Handy Space Answer Book The Handy Sports Answer Book The Handy Weather Answer Book 00 - Science Front Matter 8/6/08 9:33 AM Page iii THE H A N D Y SCIENCE ANSWER BOOK™ C E N T E N N I A L E D I T I O N Compiled by the Science and Technology Department of the Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh Edited by James E. Bobick and Naomi E. Balaban Detroit 00 - Science Front Matter 8/6/08 9:33 AM Page iv Copyright 2003 by The Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh THE Since this page cannot legibly accommodate all copyright notices, the credits constitute an extension of the copyright notice. HANDY This publication is a creative work fully protected by all applicable copyright laws, as well as by misappropriation, trade secret, unfair SCIENCE competition, and other applicable laws. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form without permis- ANSWER sion in writing from the publisher, except by a reviewer who wishes to quote brief passages in connection with a review written for inclusion in a magazine or newspaper. BOOK™ All rights to this publication will be vigorously defended. Visible Ink Press™ Centennial Edition 42015 Ford Rd. #208 Canton, MI 48187-3669 Visible Ink Press is a trademark of Visible Ink Press LLC. Most Visible Ink Press books are available at special quantity discounts when purchased in bulk by corporations, organizations, or groups. Customized printings, special imprints, messages, and excerpts can be produced to meet your needs. For more information, contact Special Markets Director, Visible Ink Press, at www.visibleink.com. Art Director: Mary Claire Krzewinski Typesetter: Graphix Group ISBN 1-57859-140-6 Cataloguing-in-Publication data is available from the Library of Congress. Printed in the United States of America All rights reserved 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 00 - Science Front Matter 8/6/08 9:33 AM Page v Contents INTRODUCTION XI ACKNOWLEDGMENTS XV CREDITS XVI PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY Energy, Motion, Force, and Heat 1 Light, Sound, and Other Waves 7 Matter 12 Chemical Elements, etc. 17 Measurement, Methodology, etc. 27 SPACE Universe 33 Stars 36 Planets and Moons 48 Comets, Meteorites, etc. 60 Observation and Measurement 64 Exploration 68 v 00 - Science Front Matter 8/6/08 9:33 AM Page vi EARTH Air 81 Physical Characteristics, etc. 83 Water 87 Land 95 Volcanoes and Earthquakes 105 Observation and Measurement 113 CLIMATE AND WEATHER Temperature 119 Air Phenomena 122 Wind 127 Precipitation 138 Weather Prediction 143 MINERALS AND OTHER MATERIALS Rocks and Minerals 147 Metals 156 Natural Substances 162 Man-made Products 168 vi 00 - Science Front Matter 8/6/08 9:33 AM Page vii ENERGY Non-nuclear Fuels 181 Nuclear Power 190 Measures and Measurement 195 Consumption and Conservation 198 ENVIRONMENT Ecology, Resources, etc. 205 Extinct and Endangered Plants and Animals 216 Pollution 224 Recycling, Conservation, and Water 235 BIOLOGY Cells 245 Evolution and Genetics 249 Life Processes, Structures, etc. 263 Classification, Measurement, and Terms 264 Fungi, Bacteria, Algae, etc. 269 vii 00 - Science Front Matter 8/6/08 9:33 AM Page viii PLANT WORLD Physical Characteristics, Functions, etc. 273 Trees and Shrubs 275 Flowers and Other Plants 280 Gardening, Farming, etc. 289 ANIMAL WORLD Physical Characteristics, etc. 305 Names 313 Insects, Spiders, etc. 317 Aquatic Life 328 Reptiles and Amphibians 333 Birds 335 Mammals 344 Pets 356 HUMAN BODY Functions, Processes, and Characteristics 367 Bones, Muscles, and Nerves 383 Organs and Glands 386 Body Fluids 392 Skin, Hair, and Nails 397 Senses and Sense Organs 400 viii 00 - Science Front Matter 8/6/08 9:33 AM Page ix HEALTH AND MEDICINE Health Hazards, Risks, etc. 407 First Aid, Poisons, etc. 416 Diseases, Disorders, and Other Health Problems 423 Health Care 440 Diagnostic Equipment, Tests, etc. 445 Drugs, Medicines, etc. 447 Surgery and Other Non-drug Treatments 459 WEIGHTS, MEASURES, TIME, TOOLS, AND WEAPONS Weights, Measures, and Measurement 465 Time 474 Tools, Machines, and Processes 489 Weapons 496 5600' BUILDINGS, BRIDGES, AND OTHER STRUCTURES Buildings and Building Parts 505 Roads, Bridges, and Tunnels 513 Miscellaneous Structures 519 ix
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