handy kids FM 7.5:Handy Kids 2nd edition 5/27/09 12:04 PM Page i About the Author G ina Misiroglu began noting dozens of questions and answers for the second edi- tion of The Handy Answer Book for Children (and Parents) while fielding life’s questions from her two children, who are now 6 and 16. When she’s not busy par- enting, she spends her time writing books, specializing in the authorship and edit- ing of pop culture, biography, American history, and general interest titles. Misiroglu has developed dozens of titles for publishers as varied as Warner Bros. Worldwide Publishing, Price Stern Sloan, New World Library, Macmillan Reference USA, and Sharpe Reference. She is the editor of American Countercultures: An Encyclopedia of Nonconformists, Alternative Lifestyles, and Radical Ideas in U.S. History (2008); Girls Like Us: 40 Extraordinary Women Celebrate Girlhood in Story, Poetry, and Song (2000)—winner of the New York Public Library’s “Best Book for Teens” Award—and Imagine: The Spirit of Twentieth-Century American Heroes (2001). Her books for Visible Ink Press include The Handy Politics Answer Book (2002), The Superhero Book: The Encyclopedia of Comic-Book Icons and Hollywood Heroes(2004), and The Handy Presidents Answer Book(2005). She lives in Los Angeles. handy kids FM 7.5:Handy Kids 2nd edition 5/27/09 12:04 PM Page ii Also from Visible Ink Press The Handy Anatomy Answer Book The Handy Ocean Answer Book by James Bobick and Naomi Balaban by Patricia Barnes-Svarney ISBN: 978-1-57859-190-9 and Thomas E Svarney ISBN: 978-1-57859-063-6 The Handy Astronomy Answer Book by Charles Liu The Handy Philosophy Answer Book ISBN: 978-1-57859-193-0 by Naomi Zack ISBN: 978-1-57859-226-5 The Handy Biology Answer Book by James Bobick, Naomi Balaban, The Handy Physics Answer Book Sandra Bobick, and Laurel Roberts by P. Erik Gundersen ISBN: 978-1-57859-150-3 ISBN: 978-1-57859-058-2 The Handy Dinosaur Answer Book The Handy Politics Answer Book 2nd edition by Gina Misiroglu by Patricia Barnes-Svarney ISBN: 978-1-57859-139-8 and Thomas E Svarney The Handy Religion Answer Book ISBN: 978-1-57859-218-0 by John Renard The Handy Geography Answer Book ISBN: 978-1-57859-125-1 2nd edition The Handy Science Answer Book™ by Paul A. Tucci Centennial Edition and Matthew T. Rosenberg by The Science and Technology Depart- ISBN: 978-1-57859-215-9 ment, Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh The Handy Geology Answer Book ISBN: 978-1-57859-140-4 by Patricia Barnes-Svarney The Handy Sports Answer Book and Thomas E Svarney by Kevin Hillstrom, Laurie Hillstrom, ISBN: 978-1-57859-156-5 and Roger Matuz The Handy History Answer Book ISBN: 978-1-57859-075-9 2nd Edition The Handy Supreme Court Answer Book by Rebecca Nelson Ferguson by David L Hudson, Jr. ISBN: 978-1-57859-170-1 ISBN: 978-1-57859-196-1 The Handy Math Answer Book The Handy Weather Answer Book by Patricia Barnes-Svarney by Kevin Hile and Thomas E Svarney ISBN: 978-1-57859-221-0 ISBN: 978-1-57859-171-8 Please visit us at visibleink.com. handy kids FM 7.5:Handy Kids 2nd edition 5/27/09 12:04 PM Page iii THE HANDY ANSWER BOOK for KIDS (and Parents) handy kids FM 7.5:Handy Kids 2nd edition 5/27/09 12:04 PM Page iv handy kids FM 7.5:Handy Kids 2nd edition 6/11/09 10:01 PM Page vi THE Copyright © 2010 by Visible Ink Press® This publication is a creative work fully protected by all applicable copyright HANDY laws, as well as by misappropriation, trade secret, unfair competition, and other applicable laws. ANSWER No part of this book may be reproduced in any form without permission in writ- ing from the publisher, except by a reviewer who wishes to quote brief passages in connection with a review written for inclusion in a magazine, newspaper, or BOOK web site. for All rights to this publication will be vigorously defended. KIDS Visible Ink Press® 43311 Joy Rd., #414 Canton, MI 48187-2075 (and Parents) Visible Ink Press is a registered trademark of Visible Ink Press LLC. Most Visible Ink Press books are available at special quantity discounts when purchased in bulk by corporations, organizations, or groups. Customized print- ings, special imprints, messages, and excerpts can be produced to meet your needs. For more information, contact Special Markets Director, Visible Ink Press, www.visibleink.com, or 734-667-3211. Managing Editor: Kevin S. Hile Art Director: Mary Claire Krzewinski Typesetting: Marco Di Vita Indexing: Lawrence W. Baker Proofreader: Sharon R. Gunton ISBN 978-1-57859-219-7 Cover images: iStock.com. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Misiroglu, Gina Renée. The handy answer book for kids (and parents) / by Gina Misiroglu. — 2nd ed. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-57859-219-7 1. Children's questions and answers. I. Title. AG195.G25 2009 031'.02—dc22 2009020191 Printed in Thailand by Imago. 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 handy kids FM 7.5:Handy Kids 2nd edition 5/27/09 12:04 PM Page vii Contents INTRODUCTION ix FOR MORE INFORMATION 277 INDEX 281 OUTER SPACE … 1 Poisonous, Meat-eating, and Other Extreme Plants … Ferns, Mosses, and Mushrooms Mysteries of the Universe … Planets and … Trees … Plants that Help and Heal the Solar System … Our Sun and the Stars … Comets, Meteors, and Asteroids … Exploring Space PEOPLE AROUND THE WORLD … 105 PLANET EARTH Lots of People! … Languages and Cultures AND OUR MOON … 21 … City Life … Farm Life The Blue Planet … The Moon … Up in the Sky … Clouds and Storms … Hot and Cold Days … Big Mountains, Deep Holes … Water, Water Everywhere … Volcanoes and POLITICS AND Earthquakes … Going Green GOVERNMENT … 125 Countries … Wars … Governments … American Government … U.S. State Facts CREATURES BIG and Trivia AND SMALL … 49 Dinosaurs and Ancient Life … Amazing Animals … Bug Zoo … Fish and Sea HOW THINGS Creatures … Reptiles and Amphibians … Birds WORK … 143 Nuts and Bolts … Buildings … Moving on the Ground … Flying High … The Water PLANT LIFE … 79 Highway … Communications and Plant Basics … Seeds and Growth … Electronic Devices … Pictures, Lights, and Fragrant Flowers, Beautiful Blooms … Lasers … Handy Things around the House vii handy kids FM 7.5:Handy Kids 2nd edition 5/27/09 12:04 PM Page viii MATH, MEASUREMENT, Hair, Skin, and Nails … My Senses … AND TIME … 179 Eating and Drinking … Sickness and Health … Disabilities and Substance Abuse Numbers and Counting … Weights and Measures … Calendars and Telling Time DAILY LIFE … 231 Home Life … Families … Pets … Going to ALL ABOUT School … Serving My Community … MY BODY … 197 Internet Safety … Bicycle Tips … Other Bones and Joints … Muscle Power … My Safety Tips … Tough Questions: Divorce, Building Blocks … Blood … Organs … Death, God viii handy kids FM 7.5:Handy Kids 2nd edition 5/27/09 12:04 PM Page ix Introduction W hen Visible Ink’s publisher, Roger Jänecke, approached me about updating the first edition of The Handy Answer Book for Kids (and Parents), I was a bit skepti- cal. Why, one might ask, update a great reference book that contains just about every question kids from ages 4 to 12? Well, the answer is simple: Because kids ask the darndest things … and they keep asking … and asking.… Anyone who has ever been a kid, or had a kid, or hung out with a kid, knows that asking questions is what kids do. It happens to be a great way to find out about the world around you. Kids have an insatiable hunger for information and a curios- ity that winds its way down every road. And it’s an adult’s job to satisfy that yearn- ing for learning—by answering the questions you know, or by pointing kids in the direction of a good reference book when you don’t. Written with a child’s imagination in mind, this revised edition of The Handy Answer Book for Kids (and Parents)is bursting with nearly 800 questions and answers on just about every topic in a kid’s world. After collecting many new questions from moms and dads across the country, we were able supplement the book’s already popu- lar edition with intriguing information on dozens of different topics, helping parents provide answers that go beyond “because” and “it just is” and “I don’t know.” Consid- er The Handy Answer Bookas a starting point—or for those who own the first edition, a punctuation mark—a launching pad that will send an inquisitive mind in many dif- ferent directions. Or think of it as a fun way to spend a few hours, flipping from page to page and absorbing new nuggets of trivia to introduce to your friends. The expanded second edition focuses on subjects that are front-and-center in a child’s world, things that are part of kids’ daily lives or spark their imaginations— from the stars twinkling overhead to earthworms burrowing into the earth. By the way, do you know why stars seem to twinkle? Or how big Earth is? Can you name our plants and pull a quick definition of a dwarf star out of your hat? Can you answer the ever-popular question, “Why is the sky blue?” The expanded “Outer Space” and “Planet Earth and Our Moon” chapters provide answers to these ques- tions, explore the mysteries of the universe, and investigate weather-related phe- nomena (“What is a hurricane? An avalanche? Lightning? Thunder?”) and various features of our planet, including rainforests, deserts, oceans, and volcanoes. ix