The Handbook of Civil Society in Africa PDF
Preview The Handbook of Civil Society in Africa
Nonprofit and Civil Society Studies An International Multidisciplinary Series Forfurthervolumes: http://www.springer.com/series/6339 Ebenezer Obadare Editor The Handbook of Civil Society in Africa I S T R 2123 Editor EbenezerObadare UniversityofKansas Lawrence Kansas USA ISSN1568-2579 ISBN978-1-4614-8261-1 ISBN978-1-4614-8262-8 (eBook) DOI10.1007/978-1-4614-8262-8 SpringerNewYorkHeidelbergDordrechtLondon LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2013946792 © SpringerScience+BusinessMediaNewYork2014 Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsarereservedbythePublisher,whetherthewholeorpartofthe materialisconcerned,specificallytherightsoftranslation,reprinting,reuseofillustrations,recitation, broadcasting,reproductiononmicrofilmsorinanyotherphysicalway,andtransmissionorinformation storageandretrieval,electronicadaptation,computersoftware,orbysimilarordissimilarmethodology nowknownorhereafterdeveloped.Exemptedfromthislegalreservationarebriefexcerptsinconnection withreviewsorscholarlyanalysisormaterialsuppliedspecificallyforthepurposeofbeingenteredand executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. 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Printedonacid-freepaper SpringerispartofSpringerScience+BusinessMedia(www.springer.com) Contents 1 Introduction:Turning theTable on Gellner:Alternative Discourses ofCivilSocietyinAfrica ........................................ 1 EbenezerObadare PartI CoreThemes 2 EscapefromTyranny:CivilSocietyandDemocraticStruggles inAfrica ...................................................... 7 DarrenKewandModupeOshikoya 3 CivilSocietyandReligion....................................... 25 ShobanaShankar 4 TheorizingMediaas/andCivilSocietyinAfrica ................... 43 WendyWillems 5 “Good” State, “Bad” State: Loss and Longing in Postcolonial Zimbabwe..................................................... 61 JuliaGallagher 6 NGOAccountabilityinAfrica ................................... 77 RonelleBurgerandDineoSeabe PartII RegionalPerspectives 7 CivilSocietyintheMaghreb:LessonsfromtheArabSpring ........ 95 JamesSater 8 CivilSocietyOrganizationsandtheStateinEastAfrica: FromtheColonialtotheModernEra ............................ 109 PriscillaWamucii v vi Contents 9 CivilSocietyandthePoliticsofBelonginginSouthernAfrica ....... 125 DanielHammett 10 BuildingCivilSocietyinWestAfrica:NotesfromtheField ......... 143 TitilopeMamattah 11 ImaginingCivilSocietyinZimbabweand‘MostoftheWorld’ ...... 157 KirkHelliker 12 ViralMessaging,Satire,andSpacesofResistanceinNigeria ........ 175 CaroleEnahoro 13 CivilSocietyandConflictinWestAfrica.......................... 199 NiklasHultin PartIII CivilSocietyintheShadowofNeoliberalism 14 NeoliberalismandtheFormsofCivilSocietyinKenya andSouthAfrica............................................... 215 JacobMwathiMati 15 AfricaRising?Afro-OptimismandUncivilSocietyinanEra ofEconomicVolatility .......................................... 233 PatrickBond 16 CivilSocietyandNeoliberalism.................................. 253 UsmanA.Tar PartIV AfterDevelopment:Gender,Sexuality,andCivicChange 17 PopularOrganizationsinSouthAfrica:FromCivicstoService DeliveryProtests............................................... 275 ElkeZuern 18 “IfGoodFoodisCookedinOneCountry,WeWillAllEat fromIt”:WomenandCivilSocietyinAfrica ...................... 293 HannahBrittonandTaylorPrice 19 NGOs,CivilSociety,andDevelopment ........................... 311 BadruBukenyaandSamHickey 20 CivilSocietyandSexualStrugglesinAfrica ....................... 337 AshleyCurrierandJoëlleM.Cruz 21 CivilSociety’sResponsetotheHIV/AIDSCrisisinAfrica .......... 361 RichardG.Wamai Contents vii 22 OratureasaSiteforCivilContestation:FilmandtheDecolonization ofSpaceandPlaceinTsistiDangarembga’sKareKareZvako (Mother’sDay)2005 ............................................ 399 BunmiOyinsan PartV Aid,VolunteeringandPhilanthropy 23 CivilSocietyandAidinAfrica:ACaseofMistakenIdentity? ....... 417 AlanFowler 24 Volunteering,CivicServiceandCivilSocietyinAfrica.............. 439 HelenePeroldandLaurenGraham 25 PhilanthropicFoundationsandCivilSocietyinSub-SaharanAfrica 457 ChristianaLaribaAtibil 26 Volunteering,CivicAgency,andCitizenshipinAfrica .............. 475 EbenezerObadare Index ............................................................ 483 Contributors Christiana LaribaAtibil is a doctoral candidate in Philanthropic Studies at the Indiana University School of Philanthropy, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis(IUPUI).SheholdsanMAinPoliticalSciencefromPurdueUniversity, WestLafayette,IndianaandanMPAinNonprofitManagementfromtheSchoolof PublicandEnvironmentalAffairs(SPEA)atIndianaUniversity.Herresearchinter- estsincludeAfricancivilsociety,philanthropicfoundationsandindigenousAfrican philanthropy. Her articles have appeared inVoluntas and Journal of International PoliticsandDevelopment Indiana University School of Philanthropy, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis(IUPUI),Indianapolis,USA e-mail:[email protected] Dr.PatrickBond isapoliticaleconomistandseniorprofessorattheUniversityof KwaZulu-NatalSchoolofBuiltEnvironmentandDevelopmentStudiesinDurban, where he directs the Centre for Civil Society. Amongst his authored, edited and co-editedbooksare: PoliticsofClimateJustice(2012); Durban’sClimateGamble (2011);Zuma’sOwnGoal(2010);ClimateChange,CarbonTradingandCivilSoci- ety(2009);TheAccumulationofCapitalinSouthernAfrica(2007);LootingAfrica (2006); Talk Left, Walk Right (2006); Fanon’s Warning (2005); Elite Transition (2005); Zimbabwe’s Plunge (2003); Against GlobalApartheid (2003); Unsustain- able South Africa (2002); Cities of Gold, Townships of Coal (2000); and Uneven Zimbabwe(1998). School of Built Environment and Development Studies, University of KwaZulu- Natal,Durban,SouthAfrica e-mail:[email protected] Dr. Hannah Britton is anAssociate Professor of Political Science and Women, Gender, and Sexuality Studies at the University of Kansas. She is the Director of theCenterforInternationalPoliticalAnalysisattheInstituteforPolicyandSocial ResearchattheUniversityofKansas.Hermajorresearchinterestsfocusongender andpoliticsinAfrica,specificallyexamininghowgenderisusedasasiteofmobi- lizationforwomen’spoliticaladvancement,particularlyindemocratizingcontexts. ix x Contributors Britton’sscholarshiphasfocusedonwomeninAfricanlegislatures,civilsociety,and governmentbureaucracies. Sheiscurrentlyworkingonseveralnewprojects: state strategiesforaddressinggender-basedviolenceinsouthernAfrica,governanceand AIDSinAfrica,andacomparativeanalysisofhumantraffickingpolicies. UniversityofKansas,Lawrence,USA e-mail:[email protected] Dr.BadruBukenya isadevelopmentanalystandpractitioner.Hehaspreviously workedwithUganda’slargestNGO,TheAIDSSupportOrganisation(TASO).He iscurrentlyaResearchAssociateattheEffectiveStatesandInclusiveDevelopment Centre(ESID),UniversityofManchester.Hisresearchinterestsareinthepoliticsof civilsociety,servicedelivery,statebuildingandcitizenshipformationinAfrica. Effective States and Inclusive Development Centre (ESID), University of Manch- ester,Manchester,UK e-mail:[email protected] Dr. Ronelle Burger is Associate Professor in the Department of Economics, StellenboschUniversity,SouthAfrica.SheholdsanMPhilinEconomicsfromCam- bridge University, and a PhD in Economics from the University of Nottingham. Heressayshaveappearedinmanyleadingjournals,includingWorldDevelopment, JournalofInternationalDevelopment,andTheSouthAfricanJournalofEconomics. DepartmentofEconomics,StellenboschUniversity,Stellenbosch,SouthAfrica e-mail:[email protected] Dr. Joëlle M. Cruz (Ph.D., TexasA&M University) is an assistant professor of CommunicationStudiesatClemsonUniversity.Hermostrecentworkexplorescon- nections between food access, organizing, and peacebuilding. It examines market women’sgrassrootsorganizationsandtheircontributiontopeaceafterthefourteen- yearLiberiancivilwar.HerworkhasappearedinQualitativeInquiry,amongother venues.WithAshleyCurrier,sheisstudyinghowthetransnationaldiffusionofLGBT rightsforeignpolicyaffectstheconditionsforLGBTorganizinginCoˆted’Ivoireand Liberia. ClemsonUniversity,Clemson,USA e-mail:[email protected];[email protected] Dr. Ashley Currier is an assistant professor ofWomen’s, Gender, and Sexuality Studies at the University of Cincinnati. She is the author of Out in Africa: LGBT OrganizinginNamibiaandSouthAfrica(2012,UniversityofMinnesotaPress).Arti- clesbasedonherpriorworkonLGBTorganizinginNamibiaandSouthAfricahave appeared in Gender & Society, Mobilization: An International Journal, Politique Africaine, Qualitative Sociology, Signs, and Studies in Law, Politics, and Society. SheiscurrentlyinvestigatinghowthepoliticizationofhomosexualityinMalawihas affectedcivilsocietyorganizationsandgenderandsexualminorities.WithJoëlleM. Contributors xi Cruz,sheisstudyinghowthetransnationaldiffusionofLGBTrightsforeignpolicy affectstheconditionsforLGBTorganizinginCôted’IvoireandLiberia. UniversityofCincinnati,Cincinnati,USA e-mail:[email protected] CaroleEnahoro isaPhDcandidateintheDepartmentofGeography, University CollegeLondon(UCL),UK,researchingtherelationshipbetweensatireandspace inNigeria.HernovelDoingDangerouslyWell,acomedyonthepoliticsofwaterin Nigeria,wasshortlistedfortheCommonwealthWriters’Prizein2011. DepartmentofGeography,UniversityCollegeLondon(UCL),London,UK e-mail:[email protected] Alan Fowler For more than thirty years,Alan Fowler has been working with, re- searchingandpublishingextensivelyinthefieldofcivilsociety,particularlyabout NGOs.HehasbeenavisitingfellowattheWorldBankandaprogrammeofficerat theFordFoundation.Inadditiontoqualificationsinengineeringandeducation,he holdsaDPhilindevelopmentstudiesandisanemeritusprofessorattheInternational InstituteofSocialStudiesinTheHague.Professionalfunctionsincludeelectedpo- sitionsontheboardsoftheInternationalSocietyforThirdSectorResearch(ISTR) and Civicus, the World Alliance for Citizen Participation. He is a co-founder, in 1992,oftheInternationalNGOTrainingandResearchCentre(INTRAC).Nowres- identinSouthAfrica,heiscurrentlyworkingandpublishingoncivic-drivenchange (CDC)andcivicinnovationasnewnarrativestodescribeandanalysesocio-political processes. InternationalNGOTrainingandResearchCentre(INTRAC),Oxford,UK e-mail:[email protected] Dr. Julia Gallagher is a lecturer in International Relations in the Department of PoliticsandInternationalRelations,RoyalHolloway,UniversityofLondon.Julia’s research focuses on Africa in international politics, and particularly on ideas of Africa and of the international. Her first book, Britain and Africa under Blair: in pursuitofthegoodstate(ManchesterUniversityPress)waspublishedin2011,and she is currently working on a project exploring relationships between ideas of the internationalandstatesubjectivityinZimbabwe. DepartmentofPoliticsandInternationalRelations, RoyalHolloway, Universityof London,Egham,UK e-mail:[email protected] LaurenGraham isaresearcherattheUniversityofJohannesburg-basedCentrefor SocialDevelopmentinAfrica,aswellasanassociateofVolunteer&ServiceEnquiry SouthernAfrica(VOSESA).ShehasaPhDinSociologyfromtheUniversityofJo- hannesburg.HerPhDfocusedonyouthidentityandrisk.Dr.Grahamhasworkedin
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