The Great Syrian Revolt and the Rise of Arab Nationalism PDF
Preview The Great Syrian Revolt and the Rise of Arab Nationalism
THE GREAT SYRIAN REVOLT AND THE RISE OF ARAB NATIONALISM ModernMiddleEastSeries,number22 Sponsoredbythe CenterforMiddleEasternStudies(cmes) TheUniversityofTexasatAustin pdddddddddddddddp d d the great d d yrian d d S d d d d evolt d d R d d d d d d d d d d and the Rise of d d d Arab Nationalism d d d d d 6 d d d d d d michael provence d d d d pdddddddddddddddp university of texas press austin Copyright©2005bythe (cid:9)Thepaperusedinthis UniversityofTexasPress bookmeetstheminimum requirementsofansi/nisoz Allrightsreserved 39.48-1992(r1997) PrintedintheUnited (PermanenceofPaper). StatesofAmerica LibraryofCongress Firstedition,2005 Cataloging-in-PublicationData Requestsforpermission Provence,Michael,1966– toreproducematerialfrom ThegreatSyrianrevoltandthe thisworkshouldbesentto riseofArabnationalism/ MichaelProvence.—1sted. Permissions, p. cm.— UniversityofTexasPress, (ModernMiddleEastseries,no.22) P.O.Box7819,Austin,TX 78713-7819. Includesbibliographicalrefer- encesandindex. Summary:‘‘Ahistoryofthelargest andlongest-lastingpeople’srevolt isbn0-292-70635-9 intheArabEast,whichattempted (hardcover:alk.paper) toliberateSyriafromFrench isbn0-292-70680-4 Mandaterulein1925’’—Provided (pbk.:alk.paper) bypublisher. 1.Syria—History— Insurrection,1925–1927. 2. Mandates—Syria. 3.French— Syria. I.Title. II.Modern MiddleEastseries(Austin,Tex.) ;no.22. ds98.p76 2005 956.9104'1—dc22 2004025106 Tothememoryof BillO’Brien 1961–2000 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK CONTENTS MAPSANDILLUSTRATIONS ix ACKNOWLEDGMENTS xi ABBREVIATIONS xiii TRANSLITERATION xiv chapter 1. Introduction 1 GreaterSyriaandOttomanRule 5 OttomanReform 9 TheGreatSyrianRevolt 12 ContrastingNarratives 14 TheorizingInsurgentandNationalConsciousness 20 Sources 23 chapter 2. TheḤawrânFrontier 27 SettlingtheFrontier 29 RuralAutonomyandCommercialIntegration 33 AssimilatingtheCountryside:EducationandtheArmy 38 TheArabRevoltandtheḤawrânDruze 42 chapter 3. MobilizingtheMountain 48 ClaimingtheMandate 48 GoverningJabalḤawrân 51 OrganizingforResistance 57 chapter 4. MobilizingtheCity 65 Damascus 67 ThePeople’sParty 68 MakingContactwiththeCountryside 70 ḤawrânPeaceNegotiations 74 viii Contents chapter 5. TheSpreadof Rebellion 87 UrbanAgitation 87 RebellioninḤamâh 95 RebellioninDamascus 100 chapter 6. ThePoliticsof Rebellion 108 InsurgentsintheCountrysideof Damascus 110 ElitePoliticsandMandateCounterinsurgency 125 MilitarySuppressionandMandateCounterinsurgency 128 DebatingRebellion 133 chapter 7. EpilogueandConclusions 141 Epilogue 141 Conclusions 149 NOTES 155 BIBLIOGRAPHY 191 INDEX 205 MAPS AND ILLUSTRATIONS figure 1. GreaterSyriaundermandaterule 2 figure 2. MapofḤawrânandDamascus 28 figure 3. Ḥawrânvillagestreetscene 32 figure 4. Prisonerexchangecelebration 76 figure 5. Damascusunderbombardment 104 figure 6. Ghûṭarebels 112 figure 7. Maydânrebels 115 figure 8. RamaḍânShallâshsurrenders 139 figure 9. 1929rebelconference 148
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