The Great Goddess

68 Pages·2013·12.36 MB·English

NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2013 MINERVAMAGAZINE.COM
Petra trek Evan Gorga
A walk through The Italian opera star
the deserts of and gambler who
Jordan to the amassed antiquities
‘rose-red city’ and lost a fortune
The Great Goddess
The ample mysteries of Artemis of Ephesus revealed
The rise of Amazing
Augustus Aphrodisias
From puny boy to A Turkish site to take
mighty emperor your breath away
Volume 24 Number 6
5
9
Professor George Bass, father of marine archaeology, 5.
£
describes a life of excavation under the ocean waves
OFC_UK_Nov-Dec.indd 1 08/10/2013 10:23
Cahn - A Name in the
Ancient Art Trade since 1863
Ancient Art
Basle · St. Moritz
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live online
9 November
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9 October
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An Attic Funerary Relief with a Young Woman. H. 42.3 cm. Marble. Attic,
ca. 390-360 B.C. Davis Collection. Acquired January 1990 from McAlpine,
London. Starting bid CHF 95,000 Photo: Niklaus Bürgin
A4_temp.indd 1 30/09/2013 13:35
contents
NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2013 MINERVAMAGAZINE.COM
Petra trek Evan Gorga
AtJ‘rhoo wersd eada-lenrkes ettdohr tc rtsioht ouye’fg h Thaemaa Inantadsdsl ielgaodnas tm ao nabp tlfeieoqrraru tw iusttihnaeoers
volume24 number6
The Great Goddess
The ample mysteries of Artemis of Ephesus revealed
TAhueg urissteu so f AphArmodaizsiinags Features 8
Fmroigmh tpyu enmy pbeoryo rto A Tuyrokuisrh b srietaet tho a twakaey
8 Augustus: father of the Roman Empire
How an average man from an average family became an all-powerful
Volume 24 Number 6
Pdreoscfreibsseos ra G liefeo rogf ee xBcaasvsa,t ifoanth uenr doefr mthaeri noec eaarnch waeaovelosgy, ruler who transformed the Roman Republic into a mighty empire.
The so-called ‘Beautiful Artemis’ Patricia Southern
from the prytaneion of Ephesus,
marble, 2nd century AD. 12 At home in Aphrodisias
H. 1.74 metres. Ephesus Museum.
© Photograph: ÖAI - Niki Gail A stroll around the site of a magnificent ancient city in western
Turkey that Caesar Augustus called his own. Patricia Daunt
12
Annual subscriptions
6 issues (published bi-monthly) 18 The life aquatic
UK: £30
Europe: £33 Professor George Bass, the father of marine archaeology, talks about five
Rest of world: £38 decades of work beneath the waves. Roger Williams
Subscribe online at
www.minervamagazine.com 24 Bees in her bosom?
or by post to:
Delving into the ample and multiple mysteries of the Great Mother
Subscriptions,
Minerva, Goddess, Artemis of Ephesus. Richard Stoneman
20 Orange Street,
London WC2H 7EF 30 Portrait of an artist
A new exhibition celebrates the work of the artist Alan Sorrell, who
Advertisement Sales,
Minerva, reconstructed archaeological sites as they would have been thousands 18
20 Orange Street, of years ago, long before computer graphics were invented. Julia Sorrell
London,
WC2H 7EF 36 Confessions of an archaeologist
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone] Dark, dank holes, dung beetles and the bones of domestic animals are
georgina.read@ all grist to the mill for members of this profession. David Miles
minervamagazine.com
40 The singing collector
Trade Distribution
United Kingdom: Antiquities from the vast, varied collection of Evan Gorga, the eccentric
Warners Group Publications 19th-century Italian opera star, are on show in Rome. Dalu Jones 30
Tel. [phone]
USA & Canada: 44 Out of the dustbin of history
Disticor, Toronto
Hearing how two intrepid Victorian ladies bought discarded fragments
Tel. [phone]
of Hebrew manuscript that turned out to be priceless. Ben Outhwaite
Printed in England by
Newnorth Print Ltd. 48 Along the Bedouin trails of Jordan
Going on a five-day, five-star desert trek across the stony desert to the
All rights reserved; no part
of this publication may be ‘rose-red city’ of Petra. Diana Darke
reproduced, stored in a retrieval
system, or transmitted in
Regulars
any form or by any means,
electronic, mechanical, photo-
copying, recording, or otherwise
without either the prior written 02 From the Editor
permission of the Publisher or
03 In the news
a licence permitting restricted
copying issued by the Copyright 54 Books for giving
Licensing Agency Ltd,
33-34 Alfred Place, London, 58 Calendar 48
WC1E 7DP
ISSN 0957 7718
© 2013 Clear Media Ltd
Minerva (ISSN 0957 7718) is
published six times per annum
by Clear Media Ltd
The publisher of Minerva is
not necessarily in agreement
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articles therein. Advertisements
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1
01_Conts_N-D.indd 1 14/10/2013 13:28
fromtheeditor
Antiquity from A to G Editor-in-Chief
Dr Mark Merrony FSA
Editor
Lindsay Fulcher
Everything in Minerva seems to link together as if by magic
Publisher
Myles Poulton
Some issues of Minerva seem to not last long, but he collected antiquities for the whole
Editorial Consultant
grow in an almost organic way. of his life – so many in fact that he had to rent 10
Murray Eiland
This time we have rather a lot apartments to accommodate them. There is an exhi-
of features begining with the bition in Rome showing a small part of his collection.
Art Director
letter A: Augustus, Aphrodisias You can read more about him on pages 40 to 43. Nick Riggall
and Artemis, not to mention The story of the Cairo Genizah is also one involv-
Alan Sorell, These are followed by ing synchronicity, fate or, if you will, pure chance. In Designers
several Gs: as in Gorga, Genizah, the late 19th century two adventurous sisters visited Lyndon Williams
and George Bass. This, of course, is complete coin- a bookseller in Cairo and were offered a collection of
cidence, but facets of the ancient world tend to link fragments of discarded Hebraic manuscripts. They Advertising, Subscriptions
and Circulation Manager
together, sometimes quite magically. bought them, and when they got home the scholar
Georgina Read
For example, we open with a biographical piece on they called in to assess them just happened to be the
Augustus, founder of the Roman Empire, then move on expert on exactly that type of material. He knew they
Editorial Advisory Board
to visit Aphrodisias, the ‘city he called his own’. Next had struck gold, for among those fragments were
Prof Claudine Dauphin
August it will be 2,000 years since the death of this great early pieces of the Torah and the Bible and work by Paris
emperor, but there is already an exhibition in Rome the great scholar Maimonides, as well as magic spells Dr Jerome M Eisenberg
celebrating his life and achievements – see pages 8 to 11. and more mundane pieces such as shopping lists and New York
Both the quality and quantity of the architecture and the accounts. All are invaluable to those studying Hebrew Massimiliano Tursi
finds excavated at the site of Aphrodisias continue to history, and the collection is now held in Cambridge London
Prof Howard Williams
astound, as you will discover on pages 12 to 17. University Library; see pages 44 to 47.
Chester
We have a feature on the wonderful work of the artist For our interview we are obliged to put on a wetsuit,
Prof Roger Wilson
Alan Sorrell (1904-74), who made a drawing of how life flippers and mask and dive beneath the waves to meet
Vancouver
might have looked at the Mesolithic site of Star Carr in Professor George Bass, the father of marine archaeol-
North Yorkshire around 10,500 years ago. Then, in our ogy. Now aged 80, he has worked tirelessly for over 50 Correspondents
news section, a piece on the recent Star Carr project is years rescuing endless archaeological treasures from Nicole Benazeth, France
illustrated by a painting by the archaeological artist the seabed. And he clearly married the right woman, Dalu Jones, Italy
Dominic Andrews, who follows in the footsteps of Alan as she was not put off by having to spend her honey- Dr Filippo Salviati, Rome
Sorrell. It is good to know that the tradition of art and moon in a rather primitive tent on the beach. You can Rosalind Smith, Cairo
archaeology working hand in hand continues. The main find out more on pages 18 to 22.
Minerva was founded in 1990
difference is that Sorrell did not have the hard archaeo- From the sea we travel to the deserts of Jordan,
by Dr Jerome M Eisenberg,
logical evidence that shelters existed on the site to back where we follow Diana Darke and her family on a trek
Editor-in-Chief 1990-2009
up his image; he just went out on a limb and used his to the ‘rose-red city’ of Petra. Unlike one of her prede-

own powers of deduction when making the picture. A cessors, she was not required to sacrifice a goat when
Published in England by
brave and somewhat radical step, but it turns out he was she arrived, which was rather a relief, I imagine; see Clear Media Ltd on behalf of the
right; see pages 30 to 35. pages 48 to 51. Mougins Museum of Classical Art
Talking of brave but radical steps, on pages 24 to We move on from goats to sheep, or ‘those woolly
27 we look at two extraordinary statues of Artemis of lawnmowers from the Middle East’, as David Miles Clear Media is a
Ephesus and ask what those rows of pendulous ovoid refers to them in his Confessions of an Archaeologist Media Circus Group company
objects hanging across her chest could be? There are on pages 36 to 38. I get the impression he would not www.clear.cc
www.mediacircusgroup.com
at least three possible answers, and the last one has a mind sacrificing a few of these creatures, and not only
sting in the tail. because he is partial to a juicy lamb-chop.
Minerva
Moving on to the Gs: I would like to have met As the festive season is almost upon us, I think
20 Orange Street
the eccentric Italian collector and opera singer Evan books about archaeology and history would be a good
London WC2H 7EF
Gorga or, even better, have heard him sing Rodolfo in choice of present for our readers, so we have come up Tel: [phone]
the first production of Verdi’s La Bohème at the Teatro with ideas to suit almost everyone; see pages 54 to 56. Fax: [phone]
Regio in Turin in 1896. Sadly his singing career did • Minerva wishes all her readers a Happy Solstice! [email protected]
ContribUtorS
Ben Outhwaite Julia Sorrell Patricia Daunt Roger Williams
has been the head of is an artist who trained lived in turkey for 10 years. is a London-based author
Cambridge University at Goldsmith’s College She is closely associated and journalist who has lived
Library’s Genizah research and the royal Academy with the excavations at and worked around the
Unit since 2006. He Schools. Her work has Aphrodisias and is chairman Mediterranean. it was while
has an MA and PhD in been shown at the rA’s of the british Friends of researching his latest book,
Medieval Hebrew linguistics and writes Summer Exhibiton and in numerous Aphrodisias trust. She has written many The Fisherman of Halicarnassus, that he
on codicology, biblical manuscripts and galleries in the UK, in Europe and the articles on turkish art and architecture for met Professor George bass and visited the
the linguistic history of Hebrew. USA (visit www.juliasorrell.com). Cornucopia and other magazines. institute of nautical Archaeology.
2 Minerva November/December 2013
02_Ed's letter_N-D.indd 1 09/10/2013 12:04
inthenews
recent stories from the world of ancient art and archaeology
Russia’s oldest temple unearthed
A 2,500-year-old temple, the Archaeological Studies, the first
oldest on Russian soil, has volume of a series of books
been discovered at the site of summarising the latest research
the ancient city of Phanagoria, into the ancient city.
in the Krasnodar region of Founded in the mid-6th
Southern Russia (see Minerva, century BC by Greek colonists,
Volume 24, Number 1, January Phanagoria was one of the
/February 2013, pages 50-53). two capitals of the Bosporan
The foundations of the Kingdom, an ancient state
10-square-metre building, located in eastern Crimea
consisting of a naos, or inner and the Taman Peninsula.
chamber, and an adjacent Phanagoria was the major
porch, or pronaos, were economic and cultural centre
uncovered on the acropolis of of the Black Sea region, one
the ancient city this summer. of the biggest Greek cities,
The remains of several the first capital of Great
other well-preserved public Bulgaria and one of the main
buildings, dating back to the cities of Khazar Kaganate.
same period, have also been It is also one of the ancient
found. Two other buildings centres of Christianity. Saint
of mud-brick laid on a stone Andrew is believed to have
The excavation of a 2,500-year-old Greek temple (the oldest found on
foundation, whose functions preached in Phanagoria. It
Russian soi) in progress at the site of Phanagoria by the Black Sea.
have yet to be deduced, exceed was during the 9th and 10th
100 square metres in area. This compiled. These include the at Phanagoria. This complex centuries AD that the residents
season has also yielded numerous ancient city’s streets, now approach helps to reconstruct abandoned the city for reasons
finds, including coins, terracotta covered with sand, its port the everyday life of the citizens that are still unknown.
figurines, toys, huge amphorae, structures, ship debris, and so in 500 BC – their religious Dr Vladimir Kuznetsov,
and engraved ceramic fragments. on. Last year, the submerged beliefs, economy and military director of the Phanagoria
Excavation at Phanagoria’s wreck of a 15-metre-long operations. Project, commented:
eastern necropolis, where more Byzantine ship was located. In May, Kuban’s Antique ‘Phanagoria reveals its
than 200 burials have already Apart from archaeologists Heritage, three volumes secrets year by year, showing
been found, revealed a Roman and historians, anthropologists, analysing the discoveries made us the hidden sides of the
tomb dating back to the 1st soil scientists, palaeozoologists, in Phanagoria over the past 150 Black Sea region’s history. Our
century AD which contains the numismatists and many other years, was published. task is to go gradually, step
remains of several dozen kinds of researchers are all This was followed in June by step, deeper into ancient
Phanagorians, all members of working as part of the team by Phanagoria: Results of times in order to study the
the same family. circumstances in which people
This find is especially lived thousands of years ago in
valuable for anthropologists a thorough and a precise way.
involved in the project, since ‘It is important that we have
analysis of the remains will the opportunity to carry out
provide a wide range of research using cutting-edge
information about the diet equipment, as well as working
of the ancient inhabitants of in comfortable conditions and
the Black Sea region and their carrying out overall research of
standards of living, as well as this historic site.’
the diseases that affected them. Lindsay Fulcher
As around one-third of • Volnoe Delo Foundation
the city is submerged, (www.volnoe-delo.ru), one
archaeologists carry out annual of Russia’s biggest privately
underwater excavations. With held charity funds, and the
the help of special equipment, a Russian Academy of Sciences’
seabed map featuring around Institute of Archaeology have
300 objects of interest at the supported the research project
bottom of Taman Bay has been One of the huge amphorae in the process of being uncovered. in Phanagoria since 2004.
Minerva November/December 2013 3
03-06_News.indd 3 14/10/2013 16:57
inthenews
Star Carr’s archive
WS
Star Carr, an internationally excavation. It is thought all his RE
D
renowned Early Mesolithic site records were destroyed once his AN
C
in the Vale of Pickering, North monograph (Clark 1954) had NI
MI
Yorkshire, was first discovered been published. The only O
D
by local amateur archaeologist surviving records are some ©
A painting of Star Carr by archaeological artist Dominic Andrews.
John Moore in 1947. It only photographic slides now held in
became known worldwide the Museum of Archaeology and catalogue as much of the internet technology; and to
after Professor Grahame Clark and Anthropology, Cambridge material as possible and enable produce recommendations as
excavated there, from 1949 (MAA) and a few more held by further research. to the future distribution of
to 1951, and uncovered well- Scarborough Archaeology and The project had several aims: finds and archives to facilitate
preserved, rare artefacts. Historical Society. In addition, to produce copies of catalogues research access.
Excavations by the Vale of Clark’s excavated assemblage and finding aids of museums and A report was produced that
Pickering Research Trust has been dispersed across many universities holding finds, addresses these points and
involving archaeologists at the museums and there is no artefacts and archives relating to explains how the project was
Universities of York and over-arching catalogue. The the site; to produce lists of contacts undertaken. Data was collected
Manchester have led to further paper archive for the Vale of at each institution and instructions and photographs taken of
important discoveries, such as a Pickering Research Trust is as to how future researchers can the artefacts and ecofacts by
timber platform (the earliest being collated by Paul Lane access the material; to assess visiting museums. This data has
evidence of carpentry in Europe) (University of York), but some how/when/where Star Carr now been uploaded on to ADS
and a structure (the earliest of the finds from the 1980s material has been exhibited as (Archaeology Data Service),
known ‘house’ in Britain). have not been located. Given well as stored and researched; to providing a resource for anyone
One of the biggest stumbling these problems, it is has been examine what can be deduced who is interested in studying
blocks to conducting further difficult for scholars studying about finds conservation (in the Star Carr archive.
research is gaining access to the the site of Star Carr to lay their order to assess whether further © University of York
archive of earlier excavations. hands on all the finds. dating can be carried out); to (For further information on
Moore’s paper archive is English Heritage stepped in suggest how the site may be the archive go to http://dx.doi.
missing and there is no known and agreed to fund a period imaginatively interpreted for a org/10.5284/1019856; on Star
paper archive from Clark’s of ‘archive mapping’ to locate range of users with the aid of Carr, go to www.star.carr.com)
The earliest rock art in North America
A team from the University of Colorado, Lake Winnemaccu, 35 miles north-east of 10,500 years ago. The earlier of the possible
Boulder, led by Larry Benson, Adjunct Reno. Although they have been known dates for the petroglyphs correlate to the
Curator of Anthropology, has identified rock about for decades, it is the reassessment human occupation of Paisley Caves, Oregon,
carvings in western Nevada as the oldest in of their age by Benson and his team using as detected by the radiocarbon-dating of
North America, dating them to at least 8500 multiple dating techniques that has given coprolites (fossilised excrement) there.
BC, and possibly as early as 12,800 BC. them greater significance. The later dates coincide with the time that
The petroglyphs are deeply incised and The historic water level of the lake proved the Spirit Cave Mummy, found not far away,
depict a series of abstract designs, largely key to identifying the time period in which is known to have lived. The Spirit Cave
orientated vertically, some of surprising it would have been possible to render the Mummy was found partially mummified
complexity. It is not known what they are carvings. Benson identified two white with a fur robe and shoes, in the eponymous
depicting, but there are no anthropological carbonate layers, one above and one below cave 60 miles east of Reno, and is dated to
or animal forms. The limestone rocks on the level of the carvings. The layers had been about 10,600 years ago.
which the petroglyphs are carved are by deposited by the high waters of Winnemaccu ‘Prior to our study, archaeologists had
and indicate that they rose and suggested these petroglyphs were extremely
spilled over Emerson Pass, to the old,’ said Benson, who is also an emeritus
north, either before or after the scientist with the United States Geological
carvings were made. Survey (USGS). ‘But whether they turn
Radiocarbon-dating identified out to be as old as 14,800 years ago or as
the layer under the petroglyphs recent as 10,500 years ago, they are still the
as dating back 10,800 years, and oldest petroglyphs that have been dated in
further geochemical data from North America.’
the rocks themselves showed Larry Benson had sought permission
they were exposed to air (not from the Pyramid Lake Paiute Tribe, who
submerged in water) between own the land, to undertake a non-invasive
14,800 and 13,200 years ago, examination of the rock art.
and again between 11,300 and Geoff Lowsley
• A full paper on the findings was published
Deeply carved patterns on rocks in the Journal of Archaeological Science,
near Lake Winnemaccu in Nevada. Vol. 40 Issue 12, in August 2013.
4 Minerva November/December 2013
03-06_News.indd 4 14/10/2013 16:57
More looting of Syria’s heritage
The shocking loss of life in Syria’s civil war machinery such as diggers and bulldozers. wherever possible, and has submitted a
is being mirrored by an escalation in the Residents are powerless to intervene. detailed report to UNESCO on the state of
criminal pillaging of its cultural heritage. As lawlessness increases throughout the Syria’s endangered sites. It has also launched
Nothing is more important than the tragic country and security breaks down, many a website (www.dgam.gov.sy) monitoring
A painting of Star Carr by archaeological artist Dominic Andrews.
human cost, with well in excess of 100,000 sites are now unguarded and unpoliced. The damage on a daily basis and is liaising with
lives lost so far and continuing at a rate of Bronze Age site of Ebla has been partially international organisations like Interpol to
150 to 200 every day, but some attention destroyed by illicit digging, as has the put out alerts at the borders.
should also be directed to the effects on Roman site of Apamea, along with several So far 18 Syrian mosaic panels and 73
Syria’s cultural heritage, a vital part of the tels in the Raqqa area. Most at risk are sites other artefacts have been intercepted en
country’s identity. within easy reach of borders, where stolen route to dealers in Beirut. In addition, the
Last June UNESCO put all six of Syria’s treasures can be quickly taken out of the DGAM has started a national campaign to
World Heritage Sites on its ‘At Risk’ list. country. Antiquities thieves have been raise awareness among all Syrian citizens
Aleppo has suffered most, above all from especially active in the province of Deir of the value of their antiquities, and to
the destruction of its Great Mosque’s unique ez-Zour near Iraq, at the sites of Doura educate them to see that this is an issue that
11th-century Selçuk minaret and the burning Europos, Mari, Halbia, Buseira, Tell Shaikh transcends political allegiances. It has sought
of its ancient souks. But there has also been Hamad and Tell es-Sin, since the Iraqi the co-operation of volunteers from local
war damage at Palmyra’s Temple of Bel, at border is the most porous; in the Wadi communities and enlisted the help of leaders
the Crusader castle of Crac des Chevaliers, Yarmouk and Tell Al-Ash’ari near the from social, religious and intellectual elites,
at the Al-Omari Mosque in Deraa and at Jordanian border; and in Ma’arat Nu’man encouraging them to act together to protect
Al-Madeeq Castle overlooking Apamea. Museum and the Byzantine churches of the archaeological sites.
The greatest damage, however, is caused Forgotten Cities closest to the Turkish When the war ends, Syria will need its
not by direct shelling and fighting, but by border. Most looted objects end up in cultural heritage to bring back employment
criminal activity. In the last three months Turkey or Lebanon. through tourism and to help to rebuild the
there has been a steep increase in the number In the face of such overwhelming odds, country. Its loss is a loss for every Syrian –
of sites subjected to systematic, large-scale the Syrian Directorate General of Antiquities and for the international community – and
illegal ‘excavation’ by well-organised, and Museums (DGAM) has transferred needs to be combated in every way possible.
heavily armed gangs, sometimes using heavy the contents of museums to safe locations Diana Darke
Stay in a ‘prehistoric Holiday Inn’
Bad weather is the bane of archaeologists’ Mercyhurst Archaeological Institute), it led – the findings were important in proposing
lives and has halted many an excavation, him to devise a groundbreaking new theory an alternative to and breaking the
but a heavy rainstorm has actually helped a about human settlement in the Americas. hegemony of the Clovis theory.
team working at a site in Pennsylvania. Adovasio scraped back and sampled layers In July of this year a decayed tree root
Meadowcroft, an area on the banks of deposits in the soil and plant remains to broke down under heavy rain and let
of the Ohio River, where overhanging determine the date that humans occupied water into part of the enclosed dig area;
sandstone outcrops once sheltered early the site. The conclusion he came to was although this damaged the section under
humans, was first discovered in 1955 when 16,000 years ago. This was a bombshell as, examination, it exposed more ground
local historian Albert Miller found some prior to this, the Clovis theory proposed as yet undisturbed. Now a team is busy
artefacts in a groundhog hole and called in that the first human beings to settle in sampling layers of ground believed to date
professional archaeologists to investigate. North America did so a mere 13,000 years from 3,000 to 7,000 years ago that form
When it was examined in 1973 by Jim ago, in New Mexico. part of the site’s history of occupation.
Adovasio (who is now a senior figure Among the wider implications of the Adovasio commented that the site may
at the Zurn School of Natural Sciences new theory was the question of whether have only been occupied for a few days by
& Mathematics and Director of the humans arrived in a single large migration different groups, but knowledge of it as a
or in multiple, smaller ones. shelter was undoubtedly passed down by
This in itself has profound word of mouth. ‘It has all the attractions of
significance for determining a prehistoric Holiday Inn, and that’s why
why so many different cultures they used it,’ he quipped.
emerged after the migration. While the debate as to the age of
While Adovasio’s theory is the settlements at Meadowcroft rattles
still not universally accepted on, Adovasio believes that nearby sites
– a recent poll by the Society untouched by archaeologists may contain
for American Archaeologists more evidence to support his migration
determined that 58% of those theory. Sometimes the most valuable
asked questioned his dating outcome of an excavation is to question
existing theories and to stimulate debate,
A team excavating the prehistoric in this case helped by the weather.
rock shelter in Pennsylvania. Geoff Lowsley
Minerva November/December 2013 5
03-06_News.indd 5 14/10/2013 16:57
inthenews
From Miss Lamb to giant apes
The largest island in the Aegean sea,
Lesbos faces the west coast of Asia Minor,
from which it is separated by a short
distance easily crossed nowadays by a
ferry. This proximity to Turkey inspired
the pioneering archaeologist Winifred
Lamb (1894-1963) to seek a prehistoric
site to excavate here in the late 1920s, in
order to find evidence of a link between the
Southern Balkans, the Northern Aegean
and North-west Anatolia. Her interest in
the area eventually helped establish the
British Institute of Archaeology at Ankara.
Miss Lamb read Classics at Newnham
College, Cambridge, and served in British
Naval Intelligence, the so-called Room 40,
during the First World War. She became a
1 2
member of the British School at Athens in
1920 and was Honorary Keeper of Greek 1. A fine Roman mosaic ‘portrait’ of the Greek playwright Menander (342/1-292/1 BC). 2. A scene
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3 4
3. The second Archaeological Museum of Mytilene opened in 1995. 4. The Early, Middle and Late Bronze Age (from 3200 to 1300 BC) site of Thermi.
6 Minerva November/December 2013
03-06_News.indd 6 14/10/2013 16:58
Antiquities &
Ancient Jewelry
New York · 13 December 2013
Viewing
7–12 December
20 Rockefeller Plaza
New York, NY 10020
Contacts
G. Max Bernheimer
[email protected]
[phone]
Molly Morse Limmer
[email protected]
[phone]
A Roman Marble Head of Pan
circa 2nd century A.D.
23 ½ in. (59.7 cm.) high
Provenance:
Spencer-Churchill Collection,
Northwick Park, Gloucestershire.
$50,000–70,000
The Art People christies.com
02940-02_ANT_Minerva Print Ad_Nov-Dec_FINAL4.indd 1 9/27/13 1:15 PM
A4_temp.indd 1 30/09/2013 13:32
1. Detail of a marble
statue of Emperor
Augustus (see 3)
represented as
Pontifex Maximus.
© Museo Nazionale
Romano di Palazzo
Massimo alle
Terme, Rome.
8
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