the graduate advisor handbook chicago guides to academic life a law school compass how to succeed in college Andrew B. Ayers (while really trying) Jon. B. Gould the chicago guide to your career in science behind the academic Victor A. Bloomfield and Esam El-Fakahany curtain Frank F. Furstenberg the chicago handbook for teachers how to study Alan Brinkley, Betty Dessants, Arthur W. Kornhauser Esam El-Fakahany, Michael Flamm, Charles Forcey, Mathew L. Oullett, doing honest work and Eric Rothschild in college Charles Lipson the chicago guide to landing a job in succeeding as an academic biology international student C. Ray Chandler, Lorne M. Wolfe, in the united states and and Daniel E. L. Promislow canada Charles Lipson the chicago guide to your academic career the thinking student’s John A. Goldsmith, John Komlos, guide to college and Penny Schine Gold Andrew Roberts the graduate advisor handbook A Student-Centered Approach bruce m. shore the university of chicago press chicago and london bruce m. shore is professor emeritus of educational psychology in the Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology at McGill University. He has been recognized for his graduate advising and other teaching by his faculty’s Distinguished Teaching Award, the university’s David Thomson Award for Excellence in Graduate Teaching & Supervision, and the Principal’s Prize for Excellence in Teaching. Shore is a fellow of the American Educational Research Association. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago 60637 The University of Chicago Press, Ltd., London © 2014 by The University of Chicago All rights reserved. Published 2014. Printed in the United States of America 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 1 2 3 4 5 isbn-13: 978-0-226-01150-9 (cloth) isbn-13: 978-0-226-01164-6 (paper) isbn-13: 978-0-226-01178-3 (e-book) doi: 10.7208/chicago/9780226011783.001.0001 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Shore, Bruce M., author. The graduate advisor handbook : a student- centered approach / Bruce M. Shore. pages cm—(Chicago guides to academic life) Includes index. isbn 978-0-226-01150-9 (cloth : alk. paper) — isbn 978-0-226-01164-6 (pbk. : alk. paper) — isbn 978-0-226-01178-3 (e-book) 1. Faculty advi- sors—Handbooks, manuals, etc. 2. Graduate students—Handbooks, manuals, etc. 3. Teacher- student relationships—Handbooks, manuals, etc. I. Title. II. Series: Chicago guides to academic life. lb2343.s467 2014 378.1'94—dc23 2013043060 a This paper meets the requirements of ansi/niso z39.48–1992 (Permanence of Paper). contents Preface vii Acknowledgments xv 1 Beginning the Advisory Relationship 1 Working from Strengths 3 Advising Takes Different Forms 7 Making the Commitment 16 2 Student-Centered Advising 21 Building Autonomy 22 Financial Support 25 Sensitivity to Changes in Student Needs 28 Academic Integrity 32 Time Counts 36 Scaffolding and Self-Monitoring Progress 41 3 Maintaining Boundaries in Routine Interactions 46 Distinguishing Work and Home 47 Maintaining Balance 50 Cultural Sensitivity 54 Socializing at Home 57 Socializing in Academic Settings 60 Physical Contact 64 Hard News 67 Life Coaching 72 4 Quagmires and Sticky Situations 76 Advisor versus Advisor 76 Refugees and Wanderers 80 Conflict and Rivalry among Advisees 85 Procrastination and Delays 89 Disclosures 93 Conflicts of Interest 97 Sex 100 5 Career Support 106 Beyond the Fixed Curriculum 107 Reference Letters 112 Publishing Together 118 Mentoring 123 6 Institutionalizing a Culture of Student-Centered Advising 128 Appendix 1: Additional Reading 137 Appendix 2: Sample Contract for Graduate Advising 141 Appendix 3: Student-Centered Advising Checklist 147 Index 153 preface Is This Book for You or about You? “Yes and no” is the most likely answer. All advisors care about their students, but how this is expressed in practice varies widely. The examples and advice in this book will affirm some advisors’ practices and challenge others’, and this will vary by situation. Student-centered advising is an approach, an atti- tude, a direction, and not just an extended to-do list. The sug- gestions offered here are examples of how the approach can be implemented. They can sometimes be used directly but will typically need to be adapted to the institution, the disci- pline, the advisor, and the student. Supervision in the sciences is more likely to include research teams and jointly authored publications with students, and both of these activities are rare in the humanities, but all advisors can help students with their writing whether solo or coauthored, and all advisors can be at- tentive to their students’ needs for encouragement or financial support. As in perusing a catalog, a reader can start with topics of prime interest and relevance and hopefully be drawn into at viii preface least reflecting on the other topics. If a problem arises, a look at the table of contents may lead you to a solution in the pages that follow. From initial admission to program demands to thesis de- fense, graduate school is full of hurdles. However, did you know that one of the greatest obstacles—perhaps the greatest impedi- ment—to graduate student success is the interpersonal relation- ship with the research advisor? As advisors we’ve all heard horror stories, and I’ll share a few of the ones I know, but this book is primarily about how to build and sustain a successful, trusting, and sometimes lasting relationship between advisor and research students, working intensively with each other in the context of other people in their personal and institutional lives. There are several extensive, informative, and well-referenced books and other resources about how to be a successful gradu- ate research student. They deal with such issues as applying for student funding, transitions into and out of graduate school, progress through the steps of settling on a dissertation topic, identifying or locating sources and interpreting evidence, and completing degree requirements. Some volumes identify po- tential problems and focus mainly on resolving or coping with them. Most put the onus on students to manage these processes or cope with consequences. Advisors can and do refer to such books for ideas on how to promote students’ degree progress. This book is different. It is not another book about how to plan a scholarly study, write or guide a dissertation, or navi- gate formal degree requirements. Instead, it focuses specifically on research advisors. It contains advice that professors do not usually get from their previous education, colleagues, chairs, deans, or faculty orientations about how to advise effectively and with integrity, in a way that is advantageous profession- ally and personally and that creates a community of scholars preface ix around oneself. It is about giving forethought to the human context of student-advisor relationships in research advising. The first goal is to help make the advising experience a high- light of a graduate student’s life. In your own experiences as a graduate student this may not have been how most of your peers talked about it. The second and no less important goal is to help make the experience of being a research advisor a high- light in professors’ life and work satisfaction. The third goal is to help institutions support a commitment to high-quality, student-centered research advising. If you are a dissertation advisor, this book is about you and for you. Every advisor was once an advisee, so it might stir some memories, both good and bad. If you are a graduate or postdoctoral program administrator, or the dean of a graduate school or faculty, I hope that you, too, will be curious to read further, because research advising is critically influenced by its institutional culture, which defines what is encouraged as good advising and might explain why bad advising is tolerated. I also anticipate that some graduate students will take a peek into their own futures (or react to their present situations) and be drawn to this book. Every relationship has at least two participants, and although my primary audience is advisors, I welcome graduate advisees to imagine themselves engaged in the complex and demanding but so often supremely rewarding role of research advisor. Why Should We Care about the Advisor-Advisee Relationship? There are many reasons. The dissertation and associated pub- lications, patents, or conference presentations are critical, and for most of us in academe the ultimate reward is the recognition
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