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817 Pages·2015·2.521 MB·English
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The Gospel of Matthew and Judaic Traditions The Brill Reference Library of Judaism Editors Alan J. Avery-Peck (College of the Holy Cross) William Scott Green (University of Miami) Editorial Board Herbert Basser (Queen’s University) Bruce D. Chilton (Bard College) José Faur (Netanya College) Neil Gillman (Jewish Theological Seminary of America) Mayer I. Gruber (Ben-Gurion University of the Negev) Ithamar Gruenweld (Tel Aviv University) Arkady Kovelman (Moscow State University) David Kraemer (Jewish Theological Seminary of America) Baruch A. Levine (New York University) Jacob Neusner (Bard College) Maren Niehoff (Hebrew University of Jerusalem) Gary G. Porton (University of Illinois) Aviezer Ravitzky (Hebrew University of Jerusalem) Dov Schwartz (Bar Ilan University) Günter Stemberger (University of Vienna) Michael E. Stone (Hebrew University of Jerusalem) Elliot Wolfson (New York University) VOLUME 46 The titles published in this series are listed at brill.com/brlj The Gospel of Matthew and Judaic Traditions A Relevance-based Commentary By Herbert W. Basser with Marsha B. Cohen LEIDEN | BOSTON Cover image: “The Lord is My Good Shepherdˮ is by the 19th century German artist, Bernhard Plockhorst (1825–1907). Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Basser, Herbert W.  The gospel of Matthew and Judaic traditions : a relevance-based commentary / by Herbert W. Basser, with Marsha B. Cohen.   pages cm. — (Brill reference library of Judaism, ISSN 1571-5000 ; volume 46)  Includes bibliographical references and index.  ISBN 978-90-04-29179-9 (hardback : alk. paper) — ISBN 978-90-04-29178-2 (e-book : alk. paper) 1. Bible. Matthew—Commentaries. 2. Jews in the New Testament. I. Title.  BS2575.53.B37 2015  226.2’07—dc23 2015000381 This publication has been typeset in the multilingual “Brillˮ typeface. With over 5,100 characters covering Latin, ipa, Greek, and Cyrillic, this typeface is especially suitable for use in the humanities. For more information, please see www.brill.com/brill-typeface. issn 1571-5000 isbn 978-90-04-29179-9 (hardback) isbn 978-90-04-29178-2 (e-book) Copyright 2015 by Koninklijke Brill nv, Leiden, The Netherlands. Koninklijke Brill NV incorporates the imprints Brill, Brill Hes & De Graaf, Brill Nijhoff, Brill Rodopi and Hotei Publishing. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use is granted by Koninklijke Brill nv provided that the appropriate fees are paid directly to The Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Suite 910, Danvers, ma 01923, usa. Fees are subject to change. This book is printed on acid-free paper. Contents Preface  IX Co-Author’s Acknowledgements  XIX List of Abbreviations  XX General Introduction  1 Chapter 1  22 Introduction  22 Commentary  29 Chapter 2  47 Introduction  47 Commentary  53 Chapter 3  73 Introduction  73 Commentary  77 Chapter 4  99 Introduction  99 Commentary  103 Chapter 5  113 Introduction  113 Commentary  120 Chapter 6  170 Introduction  170 Commentary  176 Chapter 7  200 Introduction  200 Commentary  201 Chapter 8  212 Introduction  212 Commentary  217 vi contents Chapter 9  226 Introduction  226 Commentary  233 Chapter 10  248 Introduction  248 Commentary  252 Chapter 11  267 Introduction  267 Commentary  268 Chapter 12  282 Introduction  282 Commentary  300 Chapter 13  320 Introduction  320 Commentary  326 Chapter 14  341 Introduction  341 Commentary  343 Chapter 15  356 Introduction  356 Commentary  371 Chapter 16  407 Introduction  407 Commentary  411 Chapter 17  430 Introduction  430 Commentary  435 Chapter 18  449 Introduction  449 Commentary  451 contents vii Chapter 19  480 Introduction  480 Commentary  485 Chapter 20  512 Introduction  512 Commentary  518 Chapter 21  529 Introduction  529 Commentary  537 Chapter 22  559 Introduction  559 Commentary  566 Chapter 23  584 Introduction  584 Commentary  592 Chapter 24  619 Introduction  619 Commentary  623 Chapter 25  639 Introduction  639 Commentary  639 Chapter 26  652 Introduction  652 Commentary  656 Chapter 27  687 Introduction  687 Commentary  689 Chapter 28  713 Introduction  713 Commentary  714 viii contents Works Cited  723 Primary Jewish Sources  744 Index of Modern Authors  746 Biblical and Post-Biblical Sources  750 Index Entries by Subject  779 Preface I like to think my thought processes require others to drop all of their precon- ceptions about the topic at hand in order to enter the domain of my current views. I even try to do this myself when rethinking matters about which I had once been convinced otherwise. Peter Zaas put it this way: Basser’s own thought-world can occasionally be difficult to penetrate, but those who have persevered have been more-than-amply rewarded.1 Michele Murray encapsulates my enterprise as . . . expertly highlighting similarities and parallels between Matthew’s Gospel and other pieces of Jewish literature in their interpretations of biblical verses, use of idiom and motif, and theologies. In so doing, he persuasively demonstrates the degree to which the earliest layer of the Gospel of Matthew originally derives from a Palestinian Jewish matrix. The result is a contribution that offers a richer and generally more nuanced understanding of the Gospel material.2 The present work comprises a commentary to the complete Gospel of Matthew as I now read it, having reworked many details in my thinking of the last 10 years. My 2009 book, The Mind behind the Gospels: a Commentary to Matthew 1–14, covered the first half of the Gospel. From that work I learned much about writing commentaries on Matthew. If you do not fall, you do not learn to walk. I discovered from that experience the necessity of proofread- ing more carefully. Among the many typos was the omission of the little word “not” from one sentence that completely reversed the intended meaning. Furthermore (and this is even more embarrassing), an insight I mistakenly believed to be original, and claimed as my own, had been previously published by someone else in the 1920s; criticism of it had appeared in the 1960s. Only by studying journal articles on Matthean research did I finally realize that I was re-inventing a wobbly wheel. The authors of articles that disputed my retro- version apparently overlooked the fact that I was not the first to have made certain claims. I also changed my mind on a number of issues. For all of these reasons, Marsha B. Cohen, my old friend and new collaborator, and I decided 1 Peter Zaas, “Review of The Jewish Jesus” (2012).  2 Michele Murray, “(Review) The Mind Behind the Gospels” (2012), 164–167.

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