The Georgia Gold Rush Collection of Dahlonega Mint Coinage: 1838-1861

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by  Stack's Bowers

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Front Cover (top to bottom): Lot 6016: 1861-D Gold Dollar. Winter 12-Q. MS-63 (PCGS). CAC; Lot 6017: 1839-D Classic Head Quarter Eagle. HM-1, Winter 1-B. Rarity-5.
MS-64 (PCGS). CAC; Lot 6024: 1840-D Liberty Head Quarter Eagle. Winter 1-A. MS-62 (NGC); Lot 6072: 1854-D Three-Dollar Gold Piece. Winter 1-A. MS-62 (PCGS).
CAC; Lot 6077: 1838-D Classic Head Half Eagle. HM-1, Winter 1-A. Rarity-3. MS-63 (PCGS); Lot 6150: 1861-D Liberty Head Half Eagle. Winter 47-GG. MS-63 (PCGS).
Retro OGH. Dahlonega Mint sketch by George Osborn.  
The Georgia
Gold Rush
Collection
of Dahlonega Mint
Coinage: 1838-1861
Offered by the John O. Sykes Family
August 25, 2022
immediately following the conclusion of
Session 6
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Page ii Stack’s Bowers Galleries
THE GEORGIA GOLD RUSH COLLECTION

of Dahlonega Mint Coinage 1838-1861
August 25, 2022
Lot Viewing
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Auction Location
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Auction Details
Session 1* Session 2* Session 3* Session 5* Session 6*
Numismatic Americana Early American Coins The Fairmont Collection U.S. Coins Part 1 The Virginian Collection
Monday, August 22 Tuesday, August 23 –JBR Set Small Cents to Half Dollars Classic Head Gold Coins
9:00 AM PT 9:00 AM PT Tuesday, August 23 Thursday, August 25 Thursday, August 25
Lots 1001-1152 Lots 2001-2089 Noon PT 8:00 AM PT 1:00 PM PT
Lots 3001-3554 Lots 4001-4343 Lots 5001-5058
Session 7 Session 8* Session 9* Session 10* Session 11*
The Georgia Gold Rarities Night The Sydney F. Martin U.S. Coins Part 2 U.S. Coins Part 1
Rush Collection Thursday, August 25 Collection Part 1 Silver Dollars to the End Internet Only
Dahlonega Mint Coins immediately following the Colonial & Early Saturday, August 27 Monday, August 29
Thursday, August 25 conclusion of Session 7 American Coins 2:00 PM PT StacksBowers.com
immediately following the Lots 7001-7310 Saturday, August 27 Lots 9001-9557 9:00 AM PT
conclusion of Session 6 8:00 AM PT
Lots 6001-6150 Lots 8001-8262
Session 12* Session 13* Session 15* *Please refer to our other Summer 2022
U.S. Coins Part 2 U.S. Coins Part 3 United States Mint Global Showcase Auction catalogs for further
Internet Only Internet Only American Eagle offerings of Numismatic Americana, U.S.
Tuesday, August 30 Wednesday, August 31 At Dusk and At Dawn
Coins and Currency and Ancient and World
StacksBowers.com StacksBowers.com 35th Anniversary
Coins. Visit StacksBowers.com to view our
9:00 AM PT 9:00 AM PT Auction
Thursday, September 1 Internet Only sessions.
9:00 AM PT
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Dates, times and locations are subject to change.
Bid Online at www.StacksBowers.com Page iii
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Page iv Stack’s Bowers Galleries
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Bid Online at www.StacksBowers.com Page v
Welcome to the
Georgia Gold Rush Collection of
Dahlonega Mint Gold Coins 1838-1861
Presenting the John O. Sykes complete collection of John had several valued
Dahlonega Mint gold has been an enjoyable and in- advisors over the years who
teresting adventure, not only on the numismatic front were key in building this re-
but also on a personal level. Johnny is a man of few markable cabinet. Here we share a few words of tribute
words, but those words are significant. He is a humble from each of them.
man of great faith whose family and friends are of the
utmost importance to him. He lives with enthusiasm, From well-known specialist in southern gold Al
especially for his favorite pastime—fishing! John can as- Adams:
sociate fishing with just about any aspect of everyday “It has been my pleasure to assist my friend John
life, even the sale of his prized collection. I quote: “The Sykes over the past 12 years in building this amazing
return of redfish to the gulf coast waters for future gen- collection of quality Dahlonega Mint gold coins.
erations symbolizes the offering of this complete set of From the beginning John understood and embraced
Dahlonega coins returning to a new generation of col- the rich history of the United States’ first gold rush,
lectors. The grace of Jesus Christ and the recovery from and that of Dahlonega, Georgia and the coins struck
the devastation of Hurricane Katrina gave direction and at this small, frontier, gold only, pre-Civil War U.S.
purpose to complete this endeavor.” branch mint from 1838 to 1861. There are numerous
Johnny Sykes enjoying one of his favorite pastimes, fishing. Catch of the day Red Drum!
Page vi Stack’s Bowers Galleries
important coins in this collection, but “The decision was made collectively
one of the more memorable acquisitions to engage Christine Karstedt and Stack’s
was the 1854-D $3 PCGS MS-62 from Bowers Galleries to offer this unique collec-
the D. Brent Pogue Collection. I was tion to a new generation of coin collectors.
an underbidder on this coin in Auction Fozzie and I look forward to seeing you at
’81 in Chicago and had chased it for the upcoming auction and hope you enjoy
40+ years. John and I were very proud adding these great pieces to your personal
to add this legendary finest known 1854 collections.”
Dahlonega $3 Indian Princess to his col-
lection. This Stacks Bowers Galleries Al Adams In closing a final word from our consign-
August 2022 sale is a rare opportunity for or:
the next fortunate successful bidder to “Now is the time to share the history, joy,
capture this coin.” and beauty these historic Dahlonega gold
coins will bring to seasoned numisma-
Another close advisor to the Sykes family tists and beginning collectors alike. I en-
is Jerry Thornhill who shared this story: courage you to study the complete history
“A collision of Hurricane Katrina of America’s first gold rush by planning
and Dahlonega gold coins is how I met a visit to the mountains of Georgia and
the Sykes Family. My career path as the museum of Dahlonega. Our family is
an Accounting Professional and Trust humbled and privileged to offer this sig-
Officer caught the eye of Johnny Sykes nificant snapshot of American history.”
Jerry Thornhill and Fozzie
and led to a business and friendship that The John Sykes family of Mississippi.
has lasted many years. Once engaged by
the Sykes family, further conversation and discus- It has been my pleasure to work with Johnny, the Sykes
sions revealed that Johnny was collecting Dahlonega Family, Al, and Jerry to bring this very special collection
gold coins through the guidance of Al Adams as to auction. It is my wish that readers will appreciate the
opportunity provided. This was a unique and rare coins in the following pages as much as we all do. If I can
asset of the estate that really sparked my attention. be of help in any way, please do not hesitate to contact me.
I became very interested and read extensively about
the history of Auraria and all that went on during All my best,
America’s first gold rush. Each coin came alive to me
as I could see the uproar and chaos of the miners,
the providers of lodging, food, and entertainment,
Chris Karstedt
and the ladies of the evening, all of which add to the
Vice President
mystique of this great American event.
Bid Online at www.StacksBowers.com Page vii
THE GEORGIA GOLD RUSH COLLECTION

of Dahlonega Mint Coinage 1838-1861
Offered by the John O. Sykes Family
The United States’ Earliest Gold Rushes by this account published in the August 1, 1829, edition
of the Georgia Journal:
Contrary to popular belief, the California Gold Rush
was not the United States’ first gold rush. That honor GOLD.—A gentleman of the first respectability in
belongs to the Carolina Gold Rush that had its origins Habersham county, writes us thus under date of 22d July:
‘Two gold mines have just been discovered in this county,
in the discovery of a large gold nugget in North Carolina
and preparations are making to bring these hidden
in 1799. Mining began in earnest in the region in the
treasures of the earth to use.’ So it appears that what we
earliest years of the 19th century and continued for
long anticipated has come to pass at last, namely, that the
several decades.
gold region of North and South Carolina, would be found
This early event was overshadowed by the nation’s to extend into Georgia.
second gold rush, the Georgia Gold Rush, sparked
An influx of miners resulted in the original small
by discoveries in 1828 in a region that is now part of
settlement in the area of present-day Dahlonega
Lumpkin County. Additional finds were made in the
rapidly expanding into a booming mining town. The
mountains of North Georgia, and soon miners from
Georgia General Assembly named the town Talonega
North Carolina were drawn to the new area. The heyday
on December 21, 1833, changing it to the now-familiar
of the Georgia Gold Rush ended in the early 1840s, by
Dahlonega on December 25, 1837, after the Cherokee
which time gold was becoming increasingly difficult to
word “dalonige” for “yellow” or “gold.”
find in the region. The experiences of mining gold in
North Carolina and Georgia during the early decades of
The Dahlonega Mint and Its Coinage
the 19th century, and the skills acquired through those
experiences, created a population of Americans who Despite the dangerous and time-consuming process
were eager and able to travel west and participate in what of transporting Georgia gold to the Philadelphia Mint
proved to be the more extensive -- and consequently for coinage, it was not until 10 years after the Gold Rush
more famous -- California Gold Rush of the late 1840s began that a branch of the United States Mint was opened
and 1850s. in Dahlonega to service the region’s mining operations.
In fact, were it not for wider political considerations the
The Founding of Dahlonega, Georgia Dahlonega Mint could have been nothing more than a
story of what might have been.
Native Americans living in what is now Georgia
had shared reports of gold with European The origins of the Dahlonega Mint can
explorers as early as the 16th century. Even really be traced to 1792, not 1828. The Act
so, the “discovery” of gold in the region of April 2, 1792, which established the
is dated to 1828, although under exactly Mint and the nation’s coinage system, set
what circumstances is not known. Some the value of gold relative to silver at 15 to 1.
accounts credit Benjamin Parks, who This ratio undervalued gold and overvalued
supposedly found gold on his birthday silver, preventing domestic circulation
that year while walking along a deer path. of gold and resulting in its widespread
There are several other accounts for the export during the early decades of U.S.
“discovery,” although none are supported Mint operations. By the 1820s, in fact, gold
by contemporary documentation. coins were entirely absent from domestic
Regardless, by 1829 the Georgia Gold Rush circulation with commerce conducted
began in Lumpkin County, as evidenced using an unstable combination of Spanish-
Page viii Stack’s Bowers Galleries