The geography of Malcolm X : black radicalism and the remaking of American space PDF
Preview The geography of Malcolm X : black radicalism and the remaking of American space
J a m e s T y n e r The Geography of x m f l L C D L m Black R a d i c a l i s m and the Re ma k i n g of A me r i c a n S p a c e The Geography of m m c o L m x Page Intentionally Left Blank The Geography of mRLCOLm x Black Radicalism and the Remaking of American Space James Tyner IJ Routledge jjj^^ Taylor & Francis Croup Published in 2006 by Published in Great Britain by Routledge Routledge Taylor & Francis Group Taylor & Francis Group 711 Third Avenue 2 Park Square New York, NY 10017 Milton Park, Abingdon Oxon 0X14 4RN © 2006 by James A. Tyner Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 International Standard Book Number-10: 0-415-95122-4 (Hardcover) 0-415-95123-2 (Softcover) International Standard Book Number-13: 978-0-415-95122-7 (Hardcover) 978-0-415-95123-4 (Softcover) Library of Congress Card Number 2005015708 No part of this book may be reprinted, reproduced, transmitted, or utilized in any form by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying, microfilming, and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without written permission from the publishers. Trademark Notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and arc used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Tyner, James A., 1966- The geography of Malcolm X : black radicalism and the remaking of American space / James Tyner, p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-415-95122-4 (alk. paper) - ISBN 0-415-95123-2 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. African Americans—Politics and government. 2. African Americans—Intellectual life. 3. X, Malcolm, 1925-1965—Political and social views. 4. Radicalism-United States. 5. Public spaces— Political aspects—United States. 6. Geography—Political aspects—United States. 7. African American philosophy. 8. African Americans—Social conditions. 9. Social justice—United States. 10. United States—Race relations. I. Title. E185.61.T97 2005 305.896'073-dc22 2005015708 Visit the Taylor & Francis Web site at http://www.taylorandfrancis.com Taylor & Francis Group and the Routledge Web site at is the Academic Division of Informa pic. http://www.routledge-ny.com Page Intentionally Left Blank C O N TEN TS Acknowledgments ix Chapter 1 Malcolm X and Black Radical Thought 1 Chapter 2 The Displacements of Malcolm X 15 Chapter 3 Contesting Geographic Knowledges 37 Chapter 4 Space and the Geographies of Separation 61 Chapter 5 Social Justice and the Revolutions of Malcolm X 85 Chapter 6 Geographical Imaginations and the Place of Africa 103 Chapter 7 The Scalar Politics of Malcolm X and Beyond 127 Chapter 8 The Social Justice of Malcolm X 159 Notes 165 Bibliography 181 Index 189 VII Page Intentionally Left Blank ACKNOWLEDGMENTS To some of my colleagues, this book appears to be a departure from my earlier work. Indeed, on the surface, a book on Malcolm X and black radicalism seems a rather startling diversion from my previous work on labor migration from the Philippines. However, this work actually constitutes a continuation of my broader concern with the disciplining of society through the regulation of space. As such, this present work demonstrates my attempt to understand and challenge the oppressive structures that limit the realization of the human ex perience. And now, I must find the space to acknowledge my friends and colleagues who have helped me over the years. First and foremost, I thank Dave McBride at Routledge for his support, guidance, patience, and vision in seeing this book to comple tion. Tliis book would not have been possible without his efforts. I thank also the many editors and reviewers who have been associated with my work on Malcolm X,both known and anonymous, for their comments, criticisms, and support: Don Mitchell, Rod Bush, Jamie Peck, Adam Tickell, Audrey Kobayashi, John Frazier, and Elizabeth Leppman. Their professionalism is sincerely appreciated. Thanks go out to the many colleagues who have helped me over the years: Curt Roseman,Michael Dear, Laura Pulido, Stuart Aitken, Gary Peters, Mona Domosh, Richard Wright, Victoria Lawson, Ruth Wilson Gilmore, Jennifer Wolch, and Keith Collins. And while many of these people did not directly contribute to the workings of IX
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